PRECIS. By Dr. C. Aurivillius. 
223 
vipunctis Strand. The median band of the hindwing without black dot in cellule 7; only cellule 5 of the forewing 
with distinct white subapical dot. Cameroons. 
P. tugela has an expanse of 50—58 mm. and the hindwing is more elongate; the median band has a 
breadth of 6—7 mm. in cellule 2 of the forewing and in the $ is often yellowish. —• tugela Trim. (51 c) has a tugela. 
long, straight projection at the extremity of vein 6 on the forewing; the under surface very variable, but 
mostly uniformly coloured. Natal to Nyassaland. f. aurorina Btlr. is a rainy-season form, and only differs in aurorina. 
having the forewing but little produced at vein 6, often scarcely more than angled. — pyriformis Btlr. occurs pyriformi 
in German and British East Africa and scarcely differs from tugela. —• wintgensi Strand is said to differ in having wintgenB. 
the distal margin of the forewing strongly emarginate at vein 2 and the distal branch of the median band of 
the forewing indicated by three reddish spots. Ruanda. 
P. milonia Fldr. has shorter and broader wings and a broader median band on the upper surface, miloniu. 
8—12mm. in breadth in cellule 2 of the forewing; the forewing is moderately produced at the extremity of 
vein 6. Cameroons and Congo. ■— rauana Smith seems to be an eastern race, only distinguished by having the rauana. 
median band of the hind wing whitish. Uganda. 
, H ,_ suit# • o .• " ScRjj-My. lq /S' A S- cr-r w- /. 
The two following nearly allied species differ from the preceding hi the upper side of the wings having 1 or 2 rows 
of blue dots or streaks in the dark distal margin. The distal margin of the hindwing is uniformly curved, without angles, 
and the fringes are either entire-margined and unicolorous or slightly undulate and spotted with white. The distal branch 
of the median band of the forewing is absent or only indicated by free spots in cellules 4—7. 
P. actia gives quite the impression of an eastern race of pelarga, but as Rothschild and Jordan 
state that the male copulatory organs are differently formed I cite the two forms provisionally as separate 
species, although the rainy-season forms seem to run into one another. The sole difference in the markings 
which is common’to both seasonal forms is that the spot of the median band in cellule 3 of the forewing 
is short and almost quadrate in actia and has the black dot in the middle, whilst in pelarga this spot is longer 
than broad and has the black dot near its distal side. This difference is, however, sometimes very trifling. An¬ 
gola, Nyassaland, German and British East Africa, actia Dist. (51 d) is the dry-season form and characterized actia. 
as such by the falcate forewing, the entire-margined, unicolorous fringes, the longer tail and the uniform grey- 
brown or red-brown, leaf-like under surface, divided by a dark line, as well as by its larger size. It differs 
from the corresponding form of P. pelarga in having the distal blue marginal streaks on the upper surface 
placed at the distal margin and usually united into a thick marginal line. The median band is red-brown, 
at its proximal side more or less blue; its inner branch at the costal margin of the forewing is always blue in 
the $, blue or light yellowish in the $; at the end of the cell of the fore wing two blue transverse streaks 
and in the middle a red-brown one. ab. rubrofasciata Suff. differs from actia in the entire absence of the blue rubrofas- 
colour at the proximal side of the median band. f. furcata Rothsch. <£■ Jord. (51 d as galami-, = albofas- 
ciata Suff.) is the rainy-season form and as such has the fringes spotted with white and slightly undulate, the 
forewing only projecting a little at vein 6 and the under surface light yellow with distinct whitish, black-clotted 
median band and blackish marginal band with two rows of whitish marginal streaks. The median band of the 
upper surface is white as far as the submarginal dots and then red-yellow with the colours sharply defined. 
Nearly approaches certain specimens of pelarga F. and galami. 
P. pelarga F. is the rainy-season form and exactly agrees with furcata in the shape of the wings, the pelarga. 
white-spotted fringes and the under surface. The spot of the median band in cellule 3 of the forewing is, 
however, as already mentioned, longer than broad and the median band of the upper surface is either entirely 
red-yellow or basally white-yellow without sharp boundary-line between the colours. Senegal to Angola and 
Abyssinia, f. galami Bdv. is an extreme rainy-season form, commoner in West Africa than pelarga, and only galami. 
differing in having the forewing still more obtusely rounded at vein 6 and the median band of the upper surface 
more uniform in breadth and almost entirely white-yellow; the wing-expanse only reaches about 45mm. and 
the median band has a breadth of 5—6 mm., the distal branch of the median band at the costal margin of 
the forewing is very indistinct or entirely absent, f. leodice Cr. is the dry-season form and has the wings the same leodice. 
shape as in actia and harpyia (51 d); the fringes are entire-margined and unicolorous or with small white spots; 
the median band of the upper surface is 6—8 mm. in breadth, light red-yellow, unicolorous or basally more 
or less whitish; the under surface is usually not so dark and so uniformly coloured as in dry-season forms from 
other districts, which is naturally connected with the climatic conditions in West Africa, the median band and 
the submarginal dots being often quite distinct beneath also, on the other hand the two rows of white spots 
at the distal margin, present in the rainy-season form, are always absent, ab. harpyia F. (51 d) only differs liarpyia. 
from leodice in having the median band of the upper surface for the most part bright blue. 
P. cernye differs from all the other species of this group in having the hindwing angled or with a short 
tail at the extremity of vein 4 and the transverse band of the fore wing proximally cut off almost straight. 
The transverse band of the upper surface is broad, 5—6 mm., with distinct black submarginal dots on the hind¬ 
wing and in cellules 1 b—3 of the fore wing, and from vein 4 of the forewing onwards divided into two very 
distinct branches, of which the proximal is broader and composed of 3 or 4 spots and the distal narrower 
