ACRAEA. By Dr. 0. Aurivillius. 
271 
breadth. Hindwing above black with a white median band 7 mm. in breadth, which encloses the comparatively large 
discal dots. Under surface light grey-yellow with yellow streaks on the interneural folds; forewing only with 
very fine black marginal line; hindwing Avith marginal band 2 mm. in breadth, enclosing large semicircular 
whitish marginal spots. Manicaland. Should probably be regarded as an extreme rainy-season form. 
A. caldarena Hew. (55 d). <$. Ground-colour of both Avings above light reddish ochre-yellow to light 
rose-red (= ab. recaldana Stiff. )\ forewing Avith a sharply defined black apical spot 7 mm. in breadth, at the 
costal and distal margins very finely black; discal dots 4 and 5 are small and free and placed nearer to the 
proximal margin of the apical spot than to the apex of the cell; both wings a little darkened at the base; mar¬ 
ginal band of the hindwing usually Avith light spots; under surface of the forewing lighter yellow, of the hindwing 
reddish; the discal dot in 2 is not placed proximally to the base of vein 3. The $ has the Avings above broadly 
darkened at the base, occasionally for the most part blackish. Natal to Damaraland and British East Africa. 
— $-ab. nero Btlr. differs in having the ground-colour of both Avings above suffused with dark grey, Avhile the 
upperside of the hindAving has large, sharply defined, quadrate white spots in cellules 1 c to 4 at the proxi¬ 
mal side of the unspotted black marginal band. Victoria Nyanza. — f. neluska Oberth. (55f) is only distinguish¬ 
ed from the type-form by having the black apical spot of the forewing narrower, only 3 to 4 mm. in breadth. 
German East Africa. —- The larva has a delicate rose-redclish to orange-yellow ground-colour and black spines 
and lives on Wormskjoldia longepedunculata. Pupa yelloAvish Avith black markings. 
A. intermedia WicJigr. entirely agrees with the type-form of caldarena except that discal dots 4 and 5 
of the foreAving are placed nearer to the apex of the cell than to the black apical spot and that the $ has a 
broad white subapical band on the forewing. Rhodesia and southern Congo. 
A. pudorella Auriv. (55 d) is also very nearly allied to caldarena, of which I formerly regarded it as 
only a seasonal form. Eltringham has, however, pointed out that discal dot 2 on the hindwing is placed 
nearer to the base of cellule 2 in pudorella than in caldarena and that the male genitalia are differently formed. 
The type-form of pudorella further differs in having the foreAving thinly scaled and entirely without the black 
apical spot. German and British East Africa; Abyssinia. — detecta Heave lias a black apical spot 6 to 7 mm. 
in breadth on the upperside of the foreAving and is consequently even more like caldarena. Rhodesia; Nyassa- 
land and German East Africa. 
A. braesia Godm. Forewing long and narrow with the distal margin nearly straight, basal half of the 
upper surface reddish yellow-brown, apical half transparent grey with free yellow spots at the distal margin 
and black marginal band, which is but little widened at the apex. HindAving above orange-yellow, often with 
rose-red tinge, at the base scarcely blackish and with black, unspotted marginal band, proximally somewhat 
undulate; the discal dots often only showing through from beneath; under surface of the hindwing more or less 
reddish, with distinct black dots and almost streak-shaped light yelloAv marginal spots. German and British 
East Africa; Abyssinia. — f. regalis Oberth. (55 e) has beyond discal dots 3 to 6 on the fore wing a well 
defined, almost transparent grey subapical band, but the forewing is otherwise densely scaled. German and Bri¬ 
tish East Africa. 
A. stenobea Wallengr. ( = acronycta Westw.). A- Both Avings above broadly darkened with black-brown 
from the base to the middle or often to the apex of the cell; upperside of the forewing only with black mar¬ 
ginal line or apical spot; the veins not darkened at the distal margin; that of the hindwing Avith unspotted, 
almost entire-margined black marginal band 2 mm. in breadth; ground-colour of the upper surface light brown- 
yellow, occasionally somewhat reddish. Under surface lighter yelloAv, at the base of the hindwing reddish; mar¬ 
ginal band of the hind wing Avith large light marginal spots; discal dots of both wings rather large, those in cel¬ 
lules 3 to 5 of the hindAving often absent; the dots in cellules 4 to 6 of the foreAving touch one another 
and are placed rather far beyond the apex of the cell. The $ (55 c; = lygus Druce) only differs from the G 
in the somewhat darker ground-colour of the upper surface, the broader marginal band of the hindwing, a more 
or less extended Avhite shade in the middle of the hindwing and often also in the broader scaling at the base. 
South Africa to Angola and German East Africa. 
Third Subgroup. 
The discal dot in cellule 1 b of the forewing is always placed nearer to the distal margin than the one in 2. Hence 
the species of this subgroup are easy to distinguish from those of the second. Only when one of these dots is wanting is it im¬ 
possible to determine the position of an example and it must be looked for in both subgroups. In many species of the third 
subgroup the discal dots of the hindwing show an arrangement that does not occur in those of the second (cf. p. 267). As in the 
second subgroup the species may here also be divided into two sections according to the absence or presence of the sub¬ 
marginal dots of the forewing. 
caldarena. 
recaldana. 
nero. 
neluska. 
intermedia. 
'pudorella. 
detecta. 
braesia. 
regalis. 
stenobea. 
First Section, 
Forewing without sub marginal dots. 
