280 ACRAEA. By Dr. C. Aumvillius. 
in the description, but it seems to be without spots there also. Collar and posterior half of the abdomen red. 
Island of Sao Thome. 
Fifth S u b g r o 11 p. 
On the under surface of the hindwing the black basal dots are united into a black basal patch, spotted with light 
(usually white). By this the species can be very easily distinguished from all others except a few species of the seventh sub¬ 
group, with which they are in fact extremely closely connected by the $ of cliilo. The discal dot in 1 b of the forewing, 
when present, is always placed nearer to the distal margin than the one in 2. 
Synopsis of the Species. 
I. Discal dots 4 to 6 on the forewing large and united into a transverse band, and placed so near to the apex 
of the ceil that dot 3 is also in alignment with them. 
A. Forewing beneath at the base light-coloured with some dark or black dots or streaks. Hindwing with 
distinct discal dots. 
a) Forewing above with distinctly defined light marginal spots at least in 1 b and 2 or entirely 
black-brown without light spots, never with white ground-colour. Marginal band of the hind¬ 
wing spotted with yellow' or unicolorous. A. zetes. 
b) Fore wing above between the hinder angle and vein 4 only with fine black marginal line or occa¬ 
sionally broadly darkened with yellowish marginal spots, but in this case with white ground¬ 
colour. Marginal band of the hindwing dotted with white. A. pseudolycia. 
B. Fore wing beneath at the base deep black as far as vein 2; the black colour distally cut off straight 
in the cell. Hindwing at least beneath without discal dots. 
1. Forewing above to vein 4 only with fine marginal line. Hindwing never white in the middle. 
A. anemosa. 
2. Hindwing white in the middle or forewing above with dark marginal band. A. welwitschi. 
II. Discal dots 4 to 6 on the fore wing placed in a transverse line about midway between the cell and 
the apex and so far distally to the dot in 3 that discal dots 2 to 4 stand in a straight line almost 
parallel with the costal margin. 
a) Forewing long and pointed with the termen somewhat emarginate; the dark marginal band widened 
towards the apex. Hindwing above but little darkened at the base. A. cliilo. 
b) Fore wing broad and obtuse with the termen convex and a black marginal band of a uniform breadth 
of 4 mm. Hind wing above at the base black as far as vein 2. All the black dots very large. 
A. os car i. 
c) Forewing without light-spotted marginal band. Hindwing above scarcely black at the base. Discal 
dots small. Ground-colour red-yellow. A. zambezina. 
(See p. 285). 
A. zetes is a common species in Africa, distributed from Sierra Leone to Natal and Abyssinia; it deve¬ 
lops several races and forms and is darkest in the north-west, gradually becoming lighter and lighter to¬ 
wards the south and east. Forewing with 2 black spots in the cell, one at its apex, large elongate discal 
dots in 3 to 6 and 10, rounded free discal dots in 1 b and 2 and at least beneath with large yellow mar¬ 
ginal spots in lb to 6. Hindwing in addition to the confluent basal dots with a median dot and distinct 
discal dots, of which the one in 2 is placed close to the base of the cellule and that in 4 further distad than 
zetes. the rest; the black marginal band broad on both surfaces or at least beneath with light spots. — zetes L. 
Forewing above dark blackish, unicolorous or beyond discal dots 3 to 6 a little lighter; discal dots little 
distinct on the dark ground. Hindwing above black to the apex of the cell, then with orange-red median 
band 5 to 6 mm. in breadth, in which only discal dots 3 to 5 are placed free, beneath with whitish ground¬ 
colour and reddish spots in the basal area and on the marginal band. Sierra Leone (to the Cameroons; tran- 
menippc. sitions to menippe). — menippe Drury (54 b). Forewing above with distinct red-yellow marginal spots and usu¬ 
ally also with larger or smaller red-yellow spots in lb, 2 and the cell and with small whitish subapical 
band in 4 to 6; the red-yellow transverse band on the upperside of the hindwing 10 to 12 mm. in breadth. 
The $ is larger and has the ground-colour black-grey on the forewing, grey-yellowish on the hindwing. 
jalema. Throughout West Africa to Angola and Uganda. — jalema Godt. is an intermediate form between menippe 
and acara, and has the forewing above black at the base to vein 2 and then a red-yellow transverse band 
about 12 to 13 mm. in breadth, which extends from the inner margin to the anterior margin of the cell, 
covers the base of cellules 2 and 3 and encloses 4 black spots (one in the cell, the median spot and discal 
acara. dots 1 b and 2); subapical band, as in menippe, short and narrow. Cameroons to Rhodesia. — acara// ew. (54 b, c) 
