286 
ACRAEA. By Dr. C. Aurivilluts. 
hyaline as far as the marginal hand or only scaled in cellules 1 c to 2, 6 and 7; discal dots 2 to 7 of the hind¬ 
wing usually large and confluent. Madagascar. — burni Btlr. only differs in the $ having the forewing to 
burni. the apex of the cell and the hindwing as far as the marginal hand scaled with light ochre-yellowish. Ratal. 
ranavalona. A. ranavalona Bdv. (53 c, d). Forewing at the base as far as vein 2 bright red (J 1 ) or almost completely 
hyaline ($); hindwing with grey, often semitransparent, red-spotted marginal band, the red marginal spots 
proximally bounded by sharply defined black submarginal dots; basal and discal dots distinct; ground-colour 
manandaza. beneath white, above in the o bright red, in the $ white or whitish. Madagascar and Comoros. 2-ab. ma- 
maransetra. nandaza Ward (53 d). Ground-colour of the hindwing more or less reddish. Madagascar, ab. maransetra 
Ward. The discal dots of the hindwing united into a transverse band. Madagascar. 
machequena. A. machequena Smith (53 d) only differs from ranavalona in having the forewing at least in the $ 
scaled with red-yellow to the apex of the cell and the upperside of the hindwing in the with yellowish instead 
of red scaling. Delagoa Bay, Nyassaland and Rhodesia. 
mahela. A. niahela Bdv. (53 c). Both wings thinly scaled, with light ochre-yellow ground-colour; fore wing 
diaphanous in the distal part as far as the discal dots and with distinct discal dots in 1 b to 6, a transverse 
streak at the end of the cell and a dot in the cell; hindwing with free basal and discal dots and small black 
spots at the distal margin on the extremities of the veins, both surfaces quite similarly coloured and marked. 
The sexes are quite similar. Madagascar. 
hova. A. hova Bdv. (53 c) is a large and beautiful species, characterized by the hindwing having a com¬ 
plete row of submarginal dots and very small or even indistinct marginal spots at the extremities of the veins, 
while the basal dots are placed close to the base and are widely separated from the discal dots; the forewing 
has usually large and distinct discal dots in (la) lb to 6, a basal dot in 1 b, a dot in the cell and a 
transverse spot at the end of the cell. Forewing above at least to the discal dots brick-red, then hyaline, occa¬ 
sionally in the $ almost entirely hyaline; hindwing above red, at the inner margin yellowish or sometimes 
in the $ yellowish white. Madagascar. 
Eighth Subgroup. 
In the species of this subgroup the hindwing has the marginal band unspotted, hyaline or at least thinly scaled and semi¬ 
transparent. Only a few species of the first group (e. g. orestia and quirinalis) show a similar design. In these, however, 
there are dark streaks on the interneural folds, which are wanting in the present subgroup. The forewing is hyaline at least 
in the distal part. 
Synopsis of the Species. 
I. Hindwing with 1 or 2 black dots in the cell. 
A. The hyaline or transparent marginal band of the hindwing is narrow or of moderate breadth and usually 
much narrowed towards the anal angle, proximally often sharply defined. 
a. The fore wing with a black dot or spot in the cell and occasionally also with discal dots in 1 b and 2. 
The hindwing with distinct free basal and discal dots. Fore wing at the base red-yellow almost 
to the apex of the cell. 
1. Veins 6 and 7 of the hindwing stalked. A. iturina. 
2. Veins 6 and 7 of the hindwing not stalked. 
a) The red-yellow colour at the base of the forewing distally bounded by a curved black-grey 
transverse band; marginal band of the hindwing dark, sharply defined and very narrow, 
about 1 mm. in breadth. A. cerita. 
b) The red-yellow colour of the forewing not distally dark-margined; marginal band of the hind- 
wing ill-defined and anteriorly widened, in cellule 6 about 3 to 4 mm. in breadth. 
A. cerasa. 
(8. The forewing entirely without black dots or spots. Marginal band of the hindwing sharply defined. 
1. The hindwing entirely without black dots except 1 or 2 in the cell. A. unimaculata. 
2. The hindwing with well developed basal and discal dots. 
a) Marginal band of the hindwing broad and hyaline. Hindwing with small free discal dots and 
submarginal dots at least in lb, 1 c and 2. A. quirina. 
b) Marginal band of the hindwing narrower and dark, blackish. Discal dots of the hindwing 
large and united into a transverse band. A. kakana. 
B. The marginal band of the hindwing is very broad, occupying a third to nearly half of the wing, indistinctly 
defined proximally. 
a. Both wings almost hyaline without black dots or other markings, only with a dot in the cell of 
the hindwing. A. humilis. 
(see p. 256.) 
