Finished 1914; publ. Sept. 1918. 
LIPTENA. By Dr. C. Aitrivillius. 
329 
**. Marginal band of the hindwing completely margined. L. aspidos. 
<? 
(L The broad black marginal band of the hindwing beneath is continued at the proximal margin as far 
as the base. L. latimarginata. 
II. The hindwing beneath with a black dot in the discal cell and besides with a basal dot in 1 c. The apex and 
margin of the forewing at least above broadly blackish. 
a. Hindwing beneath purely white with three black dots (in 1 c, 6 and the cell) and at the margin more 
or less darkened. L. eurema. 
p. Hindwing beneath in the basal part with three black dots (in 1 c, 7 and the cell) and behind the middle 
with three brown nebulous bands united at the proximal margin; the first and second are broad, the 
third, however, narrow and composed of small crescents; the first usually only reaches vein 5 or 6, the 
two others reach the costal margin. The black submarginal dot in area 6 is absent. L. tera. 
L. lircaea Hew. (63 d). Wings white; forewing above with a narrow line at the costal margin and a lircaea. 
small apical spot, 2 mm broad at most in the <$, almost linear in the and reaching vein 3 at most, black; 
beneath as above, but without the apical spot and with an often rounded black spot at the middle of 
the costal margin. Hindwing above unmarked, beneath with only two black dots, one in 1 c and one in 6. Old 
Calabar to the Kuilu River. 
L. lagyra only deviates from lircaea by the forewing showing above a black marginal band of at least 
5 mm width. — In the principal form lagyra Heiv. the costal-marginal stripe of the forewing above is narrow lagyra. 
and behind the cell indistinct and the marginal band is posteriorly extended to a point in area 2. Old Calabar. 
— ab. gyrala Suff. (63 f). The costal-marginal band of the forewing is continued to the marginal band; the gyrala. 
marginal band is 7 mm broad at the costal margin and ends obtusely at vein 2 or it reaches the posterior margin. 
Hindwing beneath beside the usual dots also with one small submarginal dot in 5 and 7. Cameroon. — 
brenda Ham. Druce only deviates by the hindwing showing beneath a complete row of dark submarginal spots, brenda. 
Benin. — eniilia Suff. was described as a separate species as which it was considered yet in 1910 by Ham. emilia. 
Druce, but it seems to me to be merely a form of lagyra only differing by the marginal band of the forewing 
above being still broader (9 mm) at the costal margin and ending pointedly in 1 b. Cameroon to the Cassai 
River in the Congo District. — ab. punctata Ham. Druce deviates from emilia and brenda by the hindwing punctata. 
beneath showing a complete row of submarginal dots. Cameroon. 
L. hermansi Auriv. only deviates from lagyra by the hindwing exhibiting on both sides 6 or 7 large, hermansi. 
triangular, blackish marginal spots more or less contingent at the margin; hindwing beneath only in 6 and 7 
with submarginal dots. Congo District near Bangasso on the Upper Ubangi. -— ab. spuma Ham. Druce (63 f) spuma. 
differs from the principal form by the hindwing beneath showing, as in brenda and punctata, a complete row 
of black submarginal dots which, however, are united with the tips of the marginal spots. Cameroon. 
L. aspidos Druce deviates from hermansi, as stated in the review of the species, by the marginal band aspidos. 
of the hindwing being proximad completely margined. Togo to Lagos. 
L. latimarginata Smith (63 f). Forewing an both sides with a narrow, black costal-marginal band 
reaching the marginal band; the latter is very broad, on both sides jet-black, and reaches the posterior margin, 
Hindwing on both sides with a completely margined black marginal band of 2 to 3 mm and beneath besides 
with a black inner-marginal stripe reaching the base; beneath with a black dot in 1 c; the submarginal dot 
in 6 is covered by the marginal band. Benin Coast: Warri. 
L. eurema Plotz (63 f) deviates from all the preceding species by a black dot in the discal cell on the 
hindwing beneath. The black marginal band of the forewing is more or less broad and usually also beneath 
distinct, but there sometimes parted by a whitish submarginal band. Hindwing in the $ without a marginal 
band, in the with a narrow, dark marginal band, Sierra Leone to Ashanti. 
L. tera Hew. (63 f). Forewing as in eurema. Hindwing above at the anal angle and at the margin tera 
more or less suffused with brownish, beneath with black basal dots in 1 c, 7 and the cell, and with 3 or 4 nebulous 
bands (comp, the review of the species); no submarginal dots. Cameroon to Angola and Uganda. 
latimargi¬ 
nata. 
eurema. 
12. Genus: Xjiptena Hew. 
In the structure of the veins Liptena corresponds with Larinopoda. The forewing has 12 veins, vein 
6 rising separately from the apex of the cell. Veins 3 and 4 of the hindwing rise from the same place or on a 
XIII 
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