388 
HYPOLYCAENA. By Dr. 0. Aura villi us. 
Fourth Group. 
The species of this group are distinctly separated from the other groups by the marks stated in the 
review and somehow form a transition to Iolatis. In case they are to be considered as a separate genus or sub¬ 
ordinate genus, I propose the name Hemiolaus for it. 
Frons red with fine white lateral margins and a dark, notched median line. The as far as they 
are known to me, agree with those of Iolaus by the posterior margin of the forewing forming before the middle 
a large, broad lobe which covers a dark mealy spot in the discal cell of the hindwing; they deviate, however, 
by the hair-pencil not being fastened on the forewing beneath but on the hindwing above near the base of area 
1 c and being turned forward. Hereby the can be distinguished from all the other African Lycaenidae. 
Review of the Species. 
A. Hindwing beneath in area 8 unmarked or only with an incomplete red transverse streak or an irregular 
red spot. 
a. The basal transverse band of the hindwing beneath coherent or almost coherent, not broken up 
into spots. In the the blue colouring above is almost similar on both wings. 
*. Ground-colour beneath at the base and at the margin more or less covered with brown or dark 
grey, between the discal band and the submarginal line whitish. Small tails red, bordered with 
black. H. ceres. 
H. dolores. 
**. Wings beneath of a monotonously whitish or whitish-grey ground-colour. The small tails not 
or scarcely red. H. coeculus. 
[j. The basal transverse band of the hindving beneath broken up into 4 red-brown, far separated spots 
or dots (in 1 a, 1 b, 7 and the discal cell). In the $ the forewing is above darker and more violettish- 
blue than the hindwing, and the blue colour is rounded off opposite the apex of the wing, not trans¬ 
versely cur off or emarginated; the blue colour of the hindwing reaches vein 7. H. cobaltina. 
B. Hindwing beneath in area 8 with two far remote, red-brown or blackish brightly surrounded dots. 
H. maryra. 
ceres. H. ceres Hew. (67 b) was described and figured (of which we give a copy) by 7 Hewitson according 
to a ($ from the Zululand in Boisduval’s collection but hereafter it has always been a riddle. I formerly regarded 
the species to be an Iolaus, but after having now become acquainted with H. dolores described by Stjffeet, 
I am convinced that dolores and ceres must be very closely allied and perhaps even synonymous, ceres, in fact, 
seems only to differ from dolores by the discal band of the forewing beneath not being straight, but distally 
dolores. bent, in the areas 4 and 5. — dolores Sujf. (67 b). Forewing above blue, at the costal margin narrowly, at the 
apex very broadly, and at the distal margin in 3 to la about 2 to 3 mm broad black; the blue colour 
is hereby more or less deeply emarginated in the areas 4 and 5; the indentation at the base of the posterior 
margin is steel-coloured grey and set with silvery grey hairs. Hindwing above in the areas 1 c to 4 and partly also 
in 5 as far as the margin blue, with black marginal dots in 1 c and 2, a black marginal line and blackish-grey 
fringes being white at the base; areas 1 a and 1 b grey, the discal cell and areas 5 to S blackish, in the <$ with 
a lustrous mealy spot in the cell and a black hair-pencil in 1 c; anal lobe greenish, with yellow, red and 
white scales; the $ only differs by its lighter, whitish-blue colour. The under surface is more or less darkened, 
particularly at the base and at the anterior part of the margin, and it has the same red transverse markings 
as in coeculus. Delagoa Bay to German East Africa. 
coeculus. H. coeculus Hpffr. (67 b). <$. Forewing above of a beautiful violettish-blue, at the costal margin 
narrowly, at the apex and distal margin very broadly black; the blue colour is hereby distinctly sinuate in 
the areas 4 and 5 and does not cover the whole basal half of area 3; in area 2 the black marginal band is 
about 3 mm broad and grows still broader towards the posterior margin. On the hindwing the blue colour 
covers the areas 1 c to 4, but in 1 c and 2 it is interrupted by very large, black marginal spots, and in 3 and 4 
separated from the margin by the black marginal band; areas 1 a and 1 b grey, discal cell and areas 5 to 8 
black. The $ is larger and differs above by the blue colour being lighter and less extensive, on the hind¬ 
wing it is generally anteriorly bordered by vein 4. On the under surface the ground-colour is almost uniformly 
grey with distinctly prominent red or brownish-red transverse bands or streaks being at least towards the base 
finely bordered with black; a basal transverse band across the discal cell of the forewing and from vein 8 of 
the hindwing to the proximal margin, a transverse streak at the end of the discal cell on both wings, a discal 
band being almost straight on the forewing and interrupted in the hindwing at vein 2 and angularly broken 
in area 1 c, and a submarginal line, which is red as far as the 4tli, or 3rd vein and behind it finer and black; 
a thick red marginal line, the black marginal spots of the areas 1 b and 2 towards the base broadly (as far as 
the submarginal line) bordered with yellow. Southern Congo District and Angola to Manicaland, Nyassaland 
