36 
PARNAS SILTS. By Che. Bollow. 
felderi. 
ilavescens. 
herrichi. 
rubinus. 
semicaeca. 
caeca. 
obliterata. 
reciproca. 
eversmanni. 
semicaeca. 
caeca. 
obliterata. 
flavescens. 
amplius- 
decora. 
altaica. 
litoreus. 
maui. 
mauoides. 
monocula. 
2. Clarius-Group. 
P. felderi Brem. (Vol. 1 , p. 21) is latterly mostly grouped to eversmanni Men. as a subspecies because 
both races have never yet been found at the same locality. The chief difference lies in the $<$ which as is 
well known are white, whilst the eversmanni G<$ are coloured a nice yellow. Apart from this yellow colour felderi 
corresponds quite well with subsp. maui 0. B.-H. The $ ab. flavescens 0. B.-H. from the Sajan Mountains 
shows a yellowish colouration but not so bright as fresh specimens of eversmanni — ab. subdiaphana Vrty. 
is synonymous with atrata Graes. (Vol. 1 , p. 21). — ab. herrichi Brylc are GS which have a fidly developed 
subcostal band and which are found at Radeffka. $$ without white pupils to their beautiful ocelli either on 
the upper or on the underside are known as ab. rubinus Brylc. If the median cell of the hindwings has no reck 
an aberration that frequently occurs, it is called semicaeca Shelf. (= mediocaeca 0. B.-H.). Much rarer are 
specimens which have both ocelli black without a trace of red, these are named caeca Shelf. (= caeca 0. B.-H.). 
Still rarer are specimens in which the median ocelli has quite vanished. Sheljuzhko called them obliterata 
(= medio-extincta 0. B.-H.). In <$$ reciproca Brylc (= reciproca Shelf.) the median ocellus has also disap¬ 
peared and the subcostal ocellus is quite black. Besides these there is no subcostal spot on the forewings. 
P. eversmanni Men. (Vol. 1 , p. 21 ). The same aberrations occur in this species as described in felderi: 
semicaeca Shelf., caeca Shelf., obliterata Shelf, and flavescens O. B.-H. Besides from the Sajan Mountains the 
$ ab. ampliusdecora Eisner. In this variety the ampliusmaculata spot on the upper and under sides has a red 
pupil. — subsp. sepientrionalis Vrty. from Witim and Wilui in East Siberia corresponds with the type form. 
The variations mentioned “smaller size, richer yellow colouration in the fire red ocelli” carry no weight as 
they are just as likely to occur in typical eversmanni. There is a better reason to consider the specimens from 
the Tschuja Mountains in the Altai as a recognisable race. — subsp. altaica Vrty. They are remarkable through 
their smaller size, have paler colourings which are semi-transparent and the outlines diffused. These markings 
are at the same time larger and more extended. The subcostal band stretches to the hind margin, being inter¬ 
rupted between media 3 and cubitalis 1. Half of the discoidal cell and the hind margin are powdered with white. 
On the hindwings one observes a pronounced transparent dentata submarginal band. The median ocelli 
converge with the anal spots forming a diffused, vide, shaded band. The transition to felderi is subsp. litoreus 
Stichel (Plate 4 b) from the neighbourhood of Nikolajewsky at the mouth of the Amur. Both sexes are larger 
than the main form and vary chiefly through the reduction in the size of all the dark markings. The ground 
colour of the $ is somewhat paler yellow and the 9 shows a slightly greenish tone in the white. On the 
forewings of the $$ the transverse subcostal band is absent only a little remnant of a band remaining reaching to 
media 2. The hindwings are almost without markings. The subcostal cell is distinctly black and larger than 
the very small median ocellus which is also diffused. Anal spot and adum bration of the hind margin is medium. 
The 2$ are somewhat more richly marked. There is a long triangular wedgeshaped spot touching the middle 
cell spot and situate in the basal third of the disc and the lower basal cell. Subdivided by the radialis and 
media 1 are two spots all that is left of the subcostal band and the hind marginal spot. The submarginal dentata 
band of the hindwings is faintly preserved and the ocelli are boldly black, as also is the large obliquely pointed 
anal spot which reaches almost to the median ocellus. The base of the wings, a third of the disc and the hind 
margin are thickly marked with black. Larger than the former and the main type is the closely related race 
of maui ( Puengeler i. 1.) Brylc from the coastal mountains Sichotinalin, Tjutiche Bay 400 km and Ternej Bay 
which is 600 km north of Vladivostock. It flies over a long period round about July. The SS are a deeper 
yellow than the main form and are considerably larger, whilst the black markings are finer. The hyaline margin 
and the submarginal bands are narrower and do not reach as far as the hind margin, generally only to 
cubitalis 2 . The subcostal band can transverse the wings, or else be so reduced that only a few spots remain 
along the veins. The ocelli of the hindwings can show various shades of red and sometimes both or at other 
times only the upper one are pupilled in this way. The submarginal band is only faintly indicated. The narrow 
anal spots reach to cubitalis 2 and are deep black as also is the hindmargin and the base of the cell. 0 . 
Bang-Haas describes tlie 1 st generation from the same locality as mauoides which according to Dr. Molt- 
kecht of Vladivostock flies regularly three weeks earlier than maui. One presumed that in the latter case the 
eggs, whilst in mauoides the larvae hibernated, mauoid.es lies between maui and the main form in regard to 
size. In regard to the markings it is nearer to the specimens from the Sajan Mountains and the bands of the 
forewings are wider whilst the hindwings bear large, red ocelli. Ivardakoff who caught both forms in the 
Ussuri region asserts in his Fauna of the South Ussuri territory that he always caught both forms in the same 
locality and at the same time of the year and that therefore mauoides can at best be an aberration *). — ab. 
monocula Kardalcoff (= mediocaeca O. B.-H.) flies with maui and has the upper ocellus red and the middle 
*) Also Mr. Eisner- Dahlem who received collections from the localities named from Dr. Moltrecht confirms 
this and considers mauoides only an aberration with clearer darker markings and red ocelli bands. 
