Pull. 13. XI. 1929. 
PARNASSIUS. By Chr. Bollow. 
49 
parts beyond the cell have a few scattered black scales, more considerably so on hindwings. The ocelli are 
double the size of those of the 33 as also is the exceedingly developed anal spot. The adumbration of the base 
and the hindmai’gin is more pronounced and stretches almost over the whole cell covering nearly half of same. 
The ocelli have no white pupils on the upperside whilst they have them on underside as well as four small 
red basal spots. — The race alpherakyi Krul. (5 d) comes from the Altai. The 3 of pure white ground colour, alpheraJcyi. 
the hyaline margin slender, narrowing to a point and reaching to cubitalis 1, the submarginal band barely to 
media 2. The subcostal spots are small forming a crescent arc pointing outwards. The end cell spot is 
semicircular, the middle cell spot rounded, just as large as the strong hindmarginal spot. The light red ocelli 
of the hindwings nearly always with white pupils and narrow black ring. The anal spots remarkably small. 
The base and hindmargin intensively blackened, it extends far into the cell and surrounds it nearly to the middle 
media. On underside the hindmarginal spot of forewings and the upper anal spot of hindwings have red centres. 
The $ is considerably darker through more copious scaling of the light areas and an increase of the black 
markings. In the forewings a more or less wide band of ground colour separates the wide white marked hyaline 
border from the narrow submarginal band which inclines to the dentata form. The subcostal and median spots 
are faintly united by grey scales. Cell spot and hindmarginal spot are larger than in the A- The area below 
the cell between median and hindmarginal spots in form of a triangle is darkly suffused and separated from 
the submarginal band through pale parts of the ground colour. The base and hindmargin down to the hind¬ 
marginal spot are heavily suffused with grey-black. The hindwings are more heavily scaled with grey. The 
marginal scaling is narrowly separated by the paler ground colour from the submarginal band. These traverse 
as a wide band to the subcostal ocellus enclosing the median ocellus, surrounding the apical part of cell and 
uniting with the blackening of the hindmargin and base leaving only small white spots between the median 
ocellus and cell and upper anal spot. The ocelli are very large, deep red, roundish to irregularly rectangular, 
strongly bordered with black. The white centres sometimes absent, more often they are heavily enlarged at 
the expense of the red. Anal spots deep black but small with and without red scales. On the underside the anal 
spots are always filled with red the upper one generally also white centred. Kbulikowsky named a form of 
the 2 with yellowish ground colour of wings as fumigata. — In Thian-shan two races occur, in the west subsp. fumigata. 
merzbacheri Fruhst. ( = chryseis Oberth., graslini Fruhst., nec Oberth., hesebolus auct. nec Nordm., sibiricus auct. merzbacheri. 
nec Nordm.). It is characterised by the widest black border of the ocelli of all the apollo forms as well as by the 
sharply outlined wide hyaline margin contrasting strongly with the yellow-grey moderately scaled ground 
colour. Dttblitzky names an aberration from Khnm-Bel in Transilanic Ala-Tau ab. lydia. The forewings have lydia. 
only very small cell spots and the hyaline margin is narrower than in the 33 of the subspecies, the submarginal 
band is absent. The hindwings are uniformly white without ocelli or any black marks, only the hindmargin 
is faintly black and the ends of the nervules edged with black. The underside resembles the upperside but in 
the forewings the cell spots are still fainter and in the hindwings also the dark marking of the hindmargin. 
ab. sawljuk Dubl. only known in the A sex resembles ab. novarae Oberth. (Vol. 1. p. 25) but differs through the sawljuk. 
fainter subcostal marks and the hindmarginal spot on forewings and the poorly developed anal spots on hind¬ 
wings. Besides the costa of forewings is dazzling white with a suspicion of grey scales. —- The subs p. mongolica mongolica. 
Stgr. (= tarbagataica Vrty.) is the representative of apollo in the eastern part of Thian-shan. The 33 are 
somewhat smaller than sibirica Nordm. (Vol. 1, p. 25, plate 12 a) and have also smaller ocelli with much larger 
white centres so that the red is compressed to a narrow ring. Also in the 2 2 these large white pupils occur 
but nevertheless they are smaller than in sibirica $$. The ground colour is much lighter than in these because 
it is less suffused with black. The almost uniformly sized large black spots of the forewings and also the anal 
spots of the hindwings which are united with the median ocellus through dark scales stand out strikingly from 
the almost pure white not yellowish ground colour. As an aberration belongs here 3 a h. nadezdhae Bryk from nadezdhae. 
Chamil-Hami. The ground colour is cream coloured. The hyaline margin narrows to cubitalis 1, the dentate 
brownish-black submarginal band to the hindmargin. The first subcostal spot is small, the second double as 
large and heavy. The end cell spot antiqiiincunx, the middle cell spot oblong almost touching the lower wall 
of cell: the hindmarginal spot roundish, dull black. Of the submarginal band of hindwings there are distinct 
internerval fragments retained in the shape of an arc. The moderate subcostal ocellus round, filled with red, 
the median more distorted, otherwise the same but wdth white centre. Both anal spots heavy. Base, a third 
of the cell and the hindmargin moderately suffused with black. On the underside all the markings of the 
upperside are retained, those of forewings somewhat reduced, on hindwings on the other hand increased, a 
third anal spot is added. Both the others have red centres. The ocelli with large white centres, the base of 
wings with four red spots. — Of the races from the Caucasus suaneticus Arnold from the Leila Valley resembles suaneticus. 
a large geminus Stick. (Vol. 1, p. 24). The ground colour in both sexes is pale yellowish. The 33 have on the 
hindwings a hyaline margin and the submarginal band indicated internervally by faint black suffusion of arrow¬ 
like spots and the orange-red ocelli are similar to nevadensis (8 b and Vol. 1, p. 24). More characteristic are the 
$$ which are strongly melanic in colour. The wings are darkly adumbrated so that the broad submarginal 
band is quite suffused. The upper subcostal spot, both cell spots and the hindmarginal spot are well developed 
and deep black, the median cell spot fainter and diffuse. In the hindwings the ocelli occur relatively small. 
Supplementary Volume 1 7 
