18 
THAIS. By Dr. K. von Rosen. 
lie introduced the name speciosa Stick. Only much farther to the north-east, in Transcaucasia, the continental 
cerisyi appears in a distinctly altered exterior, caucasica Led. which was already described in the 1st volume 
and is based upon specimens from Kutais is probably also distributed still farther in South-WestTranscaucasia 
(Borshom, Batum). Rather questionable is the patria Suchumkale in Abchasia, for only one degree farther to 
katshukovi. the north, near Sotchi (Black Sea) we find the very well characterized race katshukovi Shelj. (3 c) with smaller 
red spots and a reduced black marking of the hindwing, the fore wings being much lighter, especially in the Q 
which occurs almost only in a pale yellow form similar to the 3- - From Lagodechi in C'achetia (Eastern Trans- 
eachetica. caucasia) a closely allied race was described: cachetica Shelj. Hindwing of 3 with a black costal spot on both 
sides, the red spots of the band being reduced to tiny dots, in both sexes with shorter dents on the third median 
branch and the two cubital branches. — Similarly as in Crete (cretica Rbl.), special insular forms have also 
martini, developed in Rhodes and Cyprus: martini Fruhst. (3 c) which is very near to typical cerisyi. More than half of 
15 33 exhibit yellowish instead of red spots on the hindwings, all the 5 costal spots of the forewing being more 
or less uniformly long, the 3rd rarely shortened. In the $ which has not yet been described, the red spots of 
the band on the hindwing are closer together and orange, the black margin is narrower, the blue dusting 
cypria. distinct. I. of Rhodes. - cypria Stick. 3 with a shortened 3rd costal spot, hindwing very feebly marked, with 
shorter tails than in the typical form; 5of a bright yellow, the red spots on the hindwing united into a complete 
band as far as the 1st median branch, inwards very narrowly edged with black, the blue dusting very distinct. 
louristana. I. of Cyprus, local. - From Western Persia, Luristan and Arrak, louristana Le-Cerf (3 c), was described. A 
highly specialized, tailless form the unmarked 3 °f which with its reduced 1st and 3rd costal spot strongly 
recalls cretica Rbl. In the $ the 2nd costal spot is rounded, the 3rd interior discal band very strong, the hindwing 
with a coherent black prelimbal band of crescents, in both sexes the red macular band is removed inwards, the 
hermanni. red spots very feeble, the costal spot mostly red. — The name hermarsni Stick., originally given to the whole 
race, was later on confined to the $$ with increased black colour in both wings and an almost circular 2nd 
costal spot being isolated in the cell and strongly contrasting with the ground-colour. In the same district, 
though at somewhat greater altitudes, another form of cerisyi was found which is said to differ from deyrollei 
from Asia Minor only in the more yellow ground-colour and the reduced black marking on the hindwing, so 
that Stichels presumption that louristana may be a separate species is corroborated, the more since also the 
copulation-organs exhibit considerable differences. The resemblance with cretica Rbl., however, is probably 
not due to any close relationship but to be regarded as a convergency. 
polyxena. 
met a. 
subalbida. 
vitrina. 
chryso- 
chroma. 
rufescens. 
bipunetata. 
meridio¬ 
nal is. 
tripunctaia. 
confluens. 
fasciata. 
lativittata. 
bella. 
punctata. 
springeri. 
xenia. 
mulleri. 
demaculata. 
unimacu- 
lata. 
nigromacu- 
lata. 
reducta. 
skalae. 
derubescens. 
inornata. 
krensa. 
marpka. 
rubra. 
neurochota. 
Th. polyxena Schijj. The aberrative denominations of polyxena partly refer to the ground-colour 
partly to the more or less developed black spots and their red centres. — ab. meta Meig. (= rumina alba Esp.) 
are specimens with an uncommonly light, almost white ground-colour and yellow instead of red spots; — 
subalbida Schtz., likewise very light, is a transition to it. vitrina Rothsch. has also a lighter ground-colour, but 
the wings are semi-diaphanous. - On the contrary, chrysochroma Niep., from Dalmatia, shows a brilliant 
golden yellow ground-colour. — rufescens Obertk., like vitrina , exhibits orange instead of red spots in the 
hindwing. -— Sometimes also the 5th black costal spot above is red-centred, as in bipunetata Cosm. (— cassandra 
Men.)-, it may even have 2 red centres (= nieridionalis F. Ffojjm.), or also three (= tripunctata Zel.). —Moreover, 
the black spots may be confluent, as in confluens Schtz., where the costal spots of the forewing are united. 
In fasciata Berger the 5th costal spot is connected with the exterior anal-marginal spot, which may occur in 
the typical form as an aberration, in the other forms as a rule more or less frequently. — lativittata Schtz. shows 
the 2nd costal spot forming a band together with the interior anal-marginal spot. -— Furthermore, also the black 
spots or their red centres are often reduced: in bella Neub. the costal spot 3 is more or less reduced, the veins 
of the fore wing being broadly edged with black. — In punctata Schtz. the 1st costal spot of the forewing is merely 
a dot. — In springeri Roenn. the black costal spots 2, 4 and 6 above are quite absent. — In xenia Schtz. the 1st 
and 3rd costal spots of the forewing are reduced. — In miilleri Brylc the black streak distal to the costal ocellus 
is absent;-—in demaculata Ac/rfz. both the anal-marginal spots of the fore wing are absent. — unimaculata Zel. are 
specimens without the interior anal-marginal spot on the forewing. — On the contrary, in nigromaculata Zel., 
the black streaks in the cell of the hindwing are confluent; — whereas in reducta F. Hojfm. they have disappeared 
more or less. - skalae Zel. shows the 1st costal spot of the fore wing united with the interior anal-marginal 
spot forming a band; the 2nd costal spot is very large, the third divided into 2 very small spots well separated 
from each other; the 4th forms an arcuate stripe, the 5th is merely a small dot below the costa. The disc of 
the wings is oiitside very light. —Of the red centres all may be absent except the costal ocellus of the hindwing, 
or they may be thickly covered with black; this is ab. derubescens Zullich ; from Marshegg. — In inornata 
Pionneau (= inornata Vty.) the forewing is without any red spots, described in the form cassandra Hb. In 
kreusa Tomala (= nora Schtz.) the costal ocellus of the hindwing lacks the red centre. — In niarpha Schtz. all 
the red has disappeared beneath, whereas in rubra Zel. it is very much increased. — neurochola Bryh (3 a) 
shows a very aberrative marking caused by the abnormal neuration. The bands into which the spots above 
are flown together have, as the figure shows, a very peculiar course, and the whole scheme of markings and 
neuration, unmistakably recalls the ab. elunata Spdngel of machaon\ the specimen is a monstre just like 
the latter. 
