PAPILIO. By Dr. K. von Rosen. 
11 
P. alexanor Esp. (Vol. I, pi. 7 a). The following aberrations were described: augustinus Oberth. with a augnstinus. 
round dark black spot in the cell of the forewing, distally to the 2nd transverse band; eincta Muschamp, the cincla. 
band bordering on the cell of the fore wing is here prolonged to vein M 3, where it is fused with the submarginal culoti. 
band; in culoti Oberth. these two bands are united forming one broad band; latefasciata Culot shows widened bands; 
pallidior Schultz, from the Alpes Maritimes, shows a very pale, almost white ground-colour. — The large race / 
from the Balkans, with broad basal bands and increased blue irroration of the forewing (submarginal and median 
cellular bands), was named magna Vrty .; adriatica Schaw., from the frontier-district between Herzegovina and manna. 
Montenegro (Gacko), is presumably not very different from mdgna; it. is much larger than the specimens from udriatica. 
Southern France, somewhat darker yellow, the submarginal band of the forewing concave towards the base, 
the blue irroration as in magna', a small, darker yellow form with very broad bands (especially the submarginal 
one), from Attica, is attica Vrty. - It is very difficult with alexanor to distinguish geographical forms with attica. 
constant marks of distinction; the exterior depends very much on the climate which may be very different in 
some years. It is also difficult to obtain large series of this species from various habitats. 
P. xuthus L. (= xanthus L.) (Vol. I, pi. 6 a). The following aberrations were denominated: chinensis 
Neuburger, from Shanghai; abdomen without a dark longitudinal band, quite yellowish-white; decolorata 
Stdtterm., anal spot light yellow, like the ground-colour of the wings, orange colouring absent, also beneath 
the orange spots reduced; depuncta Stdtterm., anal spot deep orange-red, its black centre absent; igneus Slid)., 
from Ogaki, Japan, ground-colour above reddish fuscous, the blue scales also replaced by reddish ones (only 
above the anal spot a blue crescent), under surface less intensely coloured, the blue spots of the hindwing 
normal here. - intermedia Stichel was described from specimens of the summer generation, which only emerged 
in spring, similar in size, but with the colouring of xuthulus. - latifasciata Schultz, submarginal band of hindwing 
so broad that it almost reaches the discal cell.; pseudozanclaeus Stdtterm., similar to decolorata Stdtterm., the 
yellow dorsal line of the abdomen above only yet present on the three first segments; rubrolunata Gloss is a 
form of xuthulus with very intensely red marginal lunae of the hindwing; rubromaculata Stdtterm., with orange- 
red spots in the marginal lunae of the hindwing and in the anal fold, even yet in cell 1, the orange colouring 
also more extensive beneath: tripunctata Schultz with a 3rd dot in the apical portion of the fore wing; unimaculata 
Warn, has but one black spot (instead of two) in the apex of the fore wing, as in machaon. — The Japanese 
race was named hondoensis Frulist., based upon summer specimens from Hondo, Nagasaki, and Tsushima; it 
is much darker, with broader black and yellow bands than Chinese specimens. - - sieoxuthus Frulist. ( = neoxanthus 
Fruhst.), typical habitat Tatsienlu, is the Tibetan and West-Chinese alpine form, according to Fruhstorfer 
distinguished from Canton and Japanese specimens by the absence of the cellular stripes and the larger light 
yellow cricumcellular spots of the hindwing. Hereto belongs the spring generation xuthina Fruhst., typical 
habitat Sialu. According to the same author typical xuthus originates from Canton or Hongkong. The species 
also flies in the Riu-Kiu, Bonin, and Guam Is., and an interesting mountain-form was recently also discovered 
in North Luzon (= benguetana Joic. & Talb.). 
chinensis. 
decolorata. 
depuncta. 
igneus. 
intermedia. 
latifasciata. 
pseudozanc¬ 
laeus. 
rubrolunata. 
rubromacu¬ 
lata. 
tripunctata. 
unimacu- 
lata. 
hondoensis. 
neoxuthus. 
xuthina. 
P. helenus L. The smaller spring-form orosius Fruhst. (probably = semnus Fruhst.), with a broader helenus. 
white area of the hindwing and larger yellowish-red spots on the hindwing beneath, of the South Japanese orosius. 
nicconicolens Btlr. has already been dealt with by Jordan in Vol. IX, p. 53. 
P. cliaon rileyi Fruhst. is the West-Chinese race of this species, similar to the Formosa-form ( chaonulus rileyi. 
Fruhst.), but with still more reduced white discal spots of the hindwing; the yellow antemarginal lunae and the 
white maculae at the cubitus of the forewing are prolonged. 
P. polytes L. The Riu-Kiu forms Icuroiwae and okinawensis described by Matsumtjra are presumably 
hardly justified; they are certainly not palaearctic. richardi Dusmet , from Northern Hunan, is only the ^ of 
the Chinese form borealis Fldr. 
P. memnon L., with its 3 palaearctic races agenor L. from China, pryeri Rothsch. from the Riu-Kiu Is., memnon 
and thunbergi Sieb. from Kiu-Shiu, has been largely dealt with in Vol. IX (p. 72, pi. 30 a, b). Of the latter 
we figure here the type of the spring-form niela Fruhst. (2 b); the habitat mentioned,“Yokohama”, is questionable, mela. 
P. demetrius Cr. I cannot decide whether the forms of the large Japanese islands differ from, each other, demetrius. 
It seems that Cramer’s figure represents a relatively large specimen of the spring generation which is otherwise 
smaller and has a well developed red anal spot. In that case okabei Shelj. from Hondo and carpenteri Btlr. from 
Yesso would belong hereto as synonyms, whereas nymphis Fruhst. would have to be regarded as the name for nymphis. 
the summer generation (from Hondo), leocinius Fruhst. was described from autumnal specimens from Nagasaki leociniu?. 
(Kiushiu), with a profusely blue-dusted basal region above, $ above with but one subanal luna. In Vol. IX, 
p. 76, Jordan places sitalkes Fruhst., from Okinawa, which is said to be larger and more profusely decorated, 
to liukiuensis Fruhst. from Ishigaki. 
