8 
PAPILIO. By Dr. K. von Rosen. 
impediens. P. impediens Rothsch. (1 cl). A mostly wrongly identified species which appears to be very rare in West 
and East China and of which only the genital appendages were figured hitherto. Smaller than the forms of 
mencius flying in the same localities, hindwings very narrow, strongly dentated, the scent-organ remarkably short, 
the tails long and thin, the surface near the woolly organ being much darker than in mencius. The two anterior 
submarginal spots only distinct on the underside. The £ supposed to belong hereto is described by Oberthur 
as being very light yellowish-grey. The species is very closely allied to the quite differently coloured febanus 
from Formosa. Jordan even comprises the two forms in one species. 
plutonius. P. plutonius Oberth. (1 c). The typical race is rather rare in West China as far as Northern Yunnan. 
A very large species, particularly light on the underside, with a short spatulate tail and a broad scent-organ. 
Only the $ is figured in Vol. I pi. 2 c (very dark); the specimen denoted as plutonius $ represents an aberration 
of alcinous conjusus. The submarginal spots may be very differently developed, sometimes the lower two 
decora spots are confluent and the red colouring is continued beneath in the tail. This is ab. decora Oberth. which was 
described as belonging to alcinous conjusus. We have figured here a couple from the former Coll. Oberthur, from 
Tseku; the <$ is the counterpart to ab. decora Oberth. as only the last submarginal spot still appears on the wings. 
From North India two more races were described. 
alcinous. P. alcinous King (Vol. I, pi. 2 a). All the $6 °f alcinous are easy to recognize by the dark scent-wool. 
According to Jordan the Chinese alcinous belong to two subspecies which, however, intermingle, alcinous 
conjusus Rothsch. flies in West China, $ and $ darker, in Vol. I pi. 2 c already correctly figured (to which 
probably also belongs the J figured as plutonius underside, with a slightly varied macular marking). — 
nana. A small form from Omisien and Ichang was described as nana Draeseke, a specimen with reduced red spots as 
parvum- parvummaculatus Draeseke. — mansonensis Fruhst. (1 c), according to Jordan, is a subspecies from Central 
'nmnson'cn anc ^ China, flying also in Formosa. Very light females occur particularly in Central China, we illustrate 
sis, such a specimen taken near Nanking, from the Coll. Bang-Haas. - alcinous loochooanus Rothsch., Vol. I, pi. 1 c, 
from the Riu Kiu Is., also occurs in the Ishigaki Is. (= bradanus Fruhst.), but it has not yet been discovered in 
the palaearctic region. — From the genuine alcinous King from the large Japanese Islands several forms have 
been separated, such as nagasakii Fruhst,., but according to Jordan no geographical races with constant 
differences can be established, as in pacijicus Martin described from a female from Shikoku. — The smaller 
veris. Japanese spring-form (Vol. I, pi. 2 b) was denominated veris Shelj. 
aristo- P. aristolochiae F. In Vol. IX, p. 38, we already described the subspecies from the Liu-Kiu Is. as 
lochiae. rhodopis Rothsch. and the one from West, Central, and East China as adaeus Rothsch. (1 d); we illustrate here 
' the $ of the latter form, because it penetrates into the palaearctic region. 
Subgenus: Papilio. 
agestor. P. agestor Gray. In China several geographical forms seem to fly, unfortunately the statements of 
agestorides. the localities in the Coll. Oberthur are not always reliable, agestorides Fruhst. (Id) is not identical with 
restrictus Leech, as stated in Vol. IX, but seems to belong to agestor ouvrarcli O. Bang-H. ( nom. praeocc.). 
The black colour on the surface of the hindwing is altogether absent here, so that this form approaches the 
Indian agestor Gray. From Lutsekiang, in Eastern Tibet, described from one specimen in the Coll. Oberthur, 
illustrated here according to a ^ from the same collection, from North Yunnan (Siao-Ouisi? = Siaolisce). - 
Oberthur described an aberrative male of restrictus, in which the intracellular stripes of both wings above and 
undulosus. underneath are peculiarly waved, as undulosus Oberth. 
macliaon. P. machaon L. Since the 1st volume was published an immense number of new aberrations have been 
described and figured, and more than 50 of them newly denominated. They are mostly quite insignificant 
deviations not deserving special names. In order to give our readers a survey, we enumerate here the names 
of the aberrations in their alphabetical order; they are partly transition and artificial forms produced by experi¬ 
ments of temperature; some are also chance forms (so-called “sports of nature”) which may occur anywhere, but 
adaperta. deserve a scientific denomination as little as a deer with white spots or sparrows with a white feather. — In adaperta 
Der. the discal cell of the hindwing above and below is open, i. e. not closed by a black streak. — aurantior 
benesignala. Krul. is due to a wrong quotation, for aurantiaca Spr. — benesignata Krul. (= bella Statterm. ) shows the anal 
eyespot as in the race sikkimensis with a black partition-streak between the blue and red colourings. — In 
benevittaius . benevittatus Cab. the outermost yellow submarginal spot is absent, so that the dark band is not narrower. 
biadaperta. — In biadaperta Metzg. the yellow zone between the two cellular streaks in front is interrupted by black. — 
brunnea. As to brunnea Wei [l we are unfortunately not able to supply any particulars. — caeca Closs lacks the red anal 
^ ca«ca. e y e spot. -— cellularis Oberth. shows a black spot at the distal end of the cell of the hindwing. — circinatus Sibille 
circinatus. h as a rounded apex to the forewing, the tails are short and broad. — clavatus Cab. (= conjuncta Rocci) shows the 
clavatus. black cellular streak of the hindwing connected with the dark submarginal band; more rarely in the 1st than in the 
