PAPILIO. By Dr. K. von Rosen. 
I. Family Papilio L. 
In the palaearctic region for the few species of Papilio so far ascertained more than 200 names have 
been introduced and these names have particularly been given during the last years. Nearly all these types 
have long been known and are to be found in Museums and private collections and hitherto no one ever dreamt 
of giving them each a specific name. As mentioned in our introductory remarks (page 3) it is only possible for 
us to deal exhaustively here with the more remarkable forms or such that are well established as geographical 
or seasonal varieties. 
Subgenus: Pharmacophagus Haase. 
P. latreillei genestieri Oberth. (lb) is the West-Chinese form of the species which is distributed in a genestieri. 
few subspecies in North India (Yol. IX, pi. 19 b). Characterized by the lighter sulphur-grey ground-colour, 
hindwing with four large white spots from the 1st radial branch to the 2nd median branch, the foremost being 
much broader than in the other forms. Szechuan. 
P. philoxenus lama Oberth. (1 a and Vol. I, pi. 2 a). The first white spot of the hindwing is very lama. 
variable; it may be almost absent or very large (= pliiloxenides Frulist.) (1 a). In the latter case the Chinese philoxeni- 
form is very similar to philoxenus polyeuctes Dbl. (Vol. IX, p. 32) from North India, in which however the des. 
tails have a more pronounced red spot. We figure both the extreme forms from the same habitat in Szechuan. 
In derufata Fruhst. the red spots on the tails are entirely absent. West-Chinese specimens in which the white derufata. 
colour of the first spot is dusted with red were named roseus Draeseke. roseus. 
P. hedistus Jord. which is not considered palaearctic will be dealt with in Suppl. Vol. IX differs in hedisius. 
the genital organs from all the forms of dasarada, whilst being very similar to that species. Hindwing with a 
broader white round spot before the large light spot, the last three submarginal spots also on the underside. 
Tail only slightly widened towards the tip, red spots very indistinct, head and body darker red. Scent-organ 
as in dasarada. Tali, Yunnan. 1 $ in the Tring Museum. Perhaps dasarada ouvrardi Oberth., from the same 
locality, is the $ belonging hereto. 
P. daemonius Alph. (Vol. I, p. 9, and Vol. IX, p. 32). We illustrate here the genuine daemonius Alph. daemonius. 
(1 b) which, according to Oberthur, only flies in Eastern Tibet (Batong). The form from Yunnan with larger 
submarginal spots was named yunnana Oberth. The $ of the latter is somewhat larger, with broader wings, the 
ground-colour of both wings above and below pale greyish-brown, only the marginal area of the hindwing 
containing the red crescents is black (Mell). 
P. nevilli Wood-Mas. (Vol. I, pi. 1 c). The size of the submarginal spots varies here, too, the two first nevilli. 
are sometimes tinted red. A specimen with quite extinct spots was named luctus Oberth. Indus. 
P. mencius Fldr. (1 a). The genuine mencius is very common in Eastern, Central, and Western China, mencius. 
In Vol. I forms of alcinous were figured by mistake as mencius, and perhaps 3a (denoted as impediens) is a $ 
belonging hereto. A pair from the typical habitat of Ningpo is figured here. The male is easily distinguishable 
by the lustrous grey or white area on which the woolly organ lies, when the wings are not extended; the $, parti¬ 
cularly in its northern zone, is considerably darker than the corresponding £ of alcinous. A female from Mokanshan 
near Hangchow, from the Coll. Bang-Haas, has remarkably large red submarginal lunae and is somewhat like 
phitonius ab. decora Oberth. Mr. 0. Bang-Haas sent me another couple from Tsinlingshan (Liogang and 
Hweisi) in Eastern Kansu, which was specified by Dr. Jordan as belonging to impediens. This small north- 
westernmost race is figured here as mencius tsinlingshani subsp. nov. (O. Bang-H. i. 1.) (1 b). $ lighter than in the tsinling- 
typical form. The very interesting small South-West Chinese race the habitus of which is very much like that 
of nevilli (Vol. I, pi. 1 c), but which, owing to the [thickened] hind tibia, the scent-organ, and the copulation- 
organs belongs to mencius, was only recently described as rhadinus Jord. (1 o), from Yunnan. rhadinus. 
