112 
COLIAS. By Chr. Bollow. 
size. The ground colour of all wings reminds one of ladakensis. The inner part of the disc has the same orange- 
red shade as the cell spots in nina-nina. The underside is of grey-green, not bright green, colouring as in nina, 
and the internerval yellow marginal spots therefore stand out more distinctly and remind one more of ladak¬ 
ensis (7 f). 
staudingeri. C. staudingeri Alph. (Vol. 1. plate 26 d). A variable species of which we have to expect still many new 
Imekentha- denominations when more ample material is available. — f. kuekenthalia Strd. from Thian-Shan has the 
lia - upperside of all wings a fiery orange. The apex of the forewings is sulphur yellow with dark dusting, the costa 
sulphur yellow, the posterior part of the outer margin dull black with scattered yellow scales, the macula 
considerably reduced. The outer margin of the hindwings sulphur yellow, the bands which otherwise are black 
are dull black and dentate. — A very melanic form from the collection of Puxgeler now in the Berlin Museum 
melantiica. was brought from Naryn in Turkestan: melanitica form. nov. It shows the upperside of all wings uniformly 
adumbrated brownish-black and the whole surface irregularly spattered with red-golden scales. The yellow 
submarginal spots on the fore wings are scarcely perceptibly indicated, on the hindwings even these indistinct 
traces are absent, but on the other hand the inner margin shows a few scattered golclen-yellow scales. The 
underside is olive-green, the disc of the forewings with a slight golden-red dusting. The hindwings powdered 
yellowish. All fringes are rosy red, the spots on the hindwings red with silvery white centres. — The following 
verityi. varieties occur in subsp. pamira : Q-f. verityi Avin. has the ground colour of the wings a warm yellow instead 
cmiviitata. of green and all the orange-red: from Transalai. - In emivittata <$ Vrty. from Aksu the black marginal band is 
very narrow and on the inner margin shows internervally pale lemon-yellow spots which extend along the 
flavolimba- yellow scaled veins as faint yellow streaks towards the base. — A beautiful $ from the same locality is flavo- 
limbata Vrty. which is striking by its considerably brighter colours. The ground colour is a bright orange- 
yellow and the marginal band is wide, pale lemon-yellow with sharp triangular grey spots on the extremities 
of the veins, which are united at the apex dentate posteriorly. — Verity named a race from the Alexander 
aJe.vandri- mountains alexandrina which is very close to pamira. The $$ are distinguished by a sharply outlined very 
na • dark submarginal band. All the veins are finely surrounded with black. On the underside there is a row of 
very distinct black antemarginal spots. The wing contour is wider than in pamira, and this is the only distinctive 
difference in the 
eogene. 
languidus. 
aphrodite. 
ilava. 
aurantiaco- 
alha. 
aurantiaco- 
flava. 
viridis. 
eogene i. 
alba. 
brunneovi- 
ridis. 
subrubicun- 
da. 
flavescens. 
/ raneesea. 
oshanini. 
leechi, 
C. eogene Fldr. (Vol. 1, plate 26 d). A variety of clay coloured yellow ground colour instead of purple- 
red is languidus 0. B.-H. — A separate race occurs around Aksu in Turkestan: aphrodite Vrty. The pro-thorax 
is a beautiful rose coloured red. The flf is a bright orange-red on the upperside of wings and ochre-yellow on 
the underside. The antemarginal spots are more distinct than in arida Alph. and the $ has the underside a 
nice ochre-yellow. As varieties of this race we have 2-ab. flava Vrty. with yellow ground colour of all wings: 
whilst $-ab. aurantiacoalba Vrty. (7 g) has a definite white ground colour to all ivings and the antemarginal 
spots are similarly coloured. The disc of the fore wings and the base of the hindwings show a diffuse pale orange. 
— aurantiacoflava Vrty. is distinguished by the bright yellow ground colour and similarly coloured marginal 
spots, and besides has a few orange-red streaks in the disc of both wings. — viridis Vrty. is placed with subsp. 
arida Alph., a counterpart to can a Gr.-Grsh. The whole upperside of the wings is almost green-black. The 
forewings are somewhat paler by a few oblique greenish-i'eilow longitudinal stripes in the disc and through 
similarly coloured spots in the marginal bands of both wings. The underside shows considerably paler colour¬ 
ation than the upperside. The disc of the forewings is partly white, the hindwings orange-yellow with pale 
yellow marginal spots. Thibet. — A smaller form of arida occurs around Aksu in Turkestan: eogenei Vrty. 
The underside of the $ is bright yellow in which a little ochre seems to be mixed and powdered over liberally 
with green scales. The 2 is orange-red with a slight sheen. The black markings are very enlarged and almost 
cover the whole surface of the hindwings. — 2-ab. alba Vrty. from Kashmir belongs to stoliczkana and has the 
whole upperside white with ample dark markings. — Of elissa, Gr.-Grsh. some aberrations have also been named. 
In ab. brunneoviridis Vrty. green replaces the otherwise orange ground colour and is thickly covered with brown 
scales. The butterflies have thereby a dull diffuse appearance which is slightly brighter through the whitish- 
yellow discoidal spot. The underside is heavily powdered wdth greenish-brown scales. — ab. subrubicunda 
Gr.-Grsh. is a transition between elissa, and arida. — ab. flavescens Buhl, is a rare form, rather more yellowish 
than bright orange-red, but by no means identical with elissa Gr.-Grsh. — A new race francesca Watkins occurs 
at Skoro-la in North Kashmir. The $$ are of very variable colouration from whitish to deep orange-red. The 
spot markings of the submarginal band are almost extinct. The hindwings occur almost completely black in 
some specimens with the exception of the middle spot and the fringes. The $<$ are less variable they show' 
varying stages only in the intensity of the red colouring of the ground colour. — ab. oshanini Avin. from Transalai 
has the orange coloured scales replaced by green, somewhat of the colour of cocandica. The discoidal spot of 
the hindwings is yellow-green. — leechi Gr.-Grsh. emanates from the Sasser Pass in Ladak and is therefore 
palaearctic. It differs from arida by its smaller expanse and narrower wing contour. According to O. Bang- 
Haas arida has pointed and not rounded wings. 
thisoa. C. thisoa Men. (Vol. 1, plate 26 e). The very large flying in the neighbourhood of Issyk-Kul have 
wide bands of the deepest black without any traces of submarginal spots. Also on the green underside the spots 
