118 
LEPTIDIA. By Che. Bollow. 
aurorina. C. aurorina H.-Schaeff. (Vol. 1, plate 27 b, c). The $ occurs chiefly in 2 shades of colour, the one a 
alba, pale form alba Euehl with white ground colour, the other a darker form with orange ground colour aurantiaca 
aurantiaca. Euehl. — Verity describes from Greece the $-ab. griseoviridis as belonging to heldreichi Stgr. The ground 
gnseoviri- co i our on the uppersides is pale yellow with a green tinge, but owing to a strong admixture of black scales an 
alternate duskier and lighter colouration is created. The cliscoidal spot of the hindwings is very bright on 
pulchrior. the upperside being a nice orange and contrasting vividly from the dusky ground colour. - pulchrior Vrty. 
from Syria is a variety to libanotica Led,., it is a large form with extremely bright and pure orange colour: the 
cjfusa. black markings are considerably reduced. A counterpart hereto is offusa Vrty. which has the upperside heavily 
powdered with dark scales. The yellow veins run through the marginal bands and they extend very considerably 
lnjbrida. on the hindwings. — The form hybrida Vrty. from Persia belongs here, which according to the author is a 
cross between sagartia Led. x aurorina. This can scarcely be the case and also Verity seems to be in doubt 
about it. He names the same hybrida, which he illustrated on plate 45, fig. 26 on page XXXIX of his Rhop. 
Pal. as sagartioides although he did not give a description: therefore this is again a case, where one can choose 
which name one prefers! The $ is a nice grey green, the $ quite resembles sagartia in its pale orange ground 
leucotkea. colouration with the row of indistinct marginal spots on the underside. — $-ab. leucothea Ebl. is a form of 
taurica Ebl. The pale marginal spots of the upperside of the hindwings are very large and confluent. It 
differs chiefly through the wider wing shape, the larger marginal spots and the absence of dark shading along 
ncuschildi. the veins of the forewings. From Alman-Dagh. - neuschildi Eoeb. is a $ from the Caucasus with pale sulphur 
yellow ground colour, which is a shade darker than in the mid-european hyale. The base of both wings is much 
more darkly shaded than in the white $$, so that the orange coloured middle spot of the hindwings appears 
deserticola. especially striking. - deserticola Vrty. is a very small $ variety from Armenia, being of scarcely 50 mm expanse. 
The upperside is bright yellow with irregular orange markings in the disc of the forewings especially along 
the course of the veins. The underside is completely covered with beautiful ochre yellow scales. 
chlorocoma. C. chlorocoma Christ. (Vol. 1, plate 27 c) sulphurea Miller is a variety of the the upperside is sulphur 
sulphured. y e p ow and the underside also but with an admixture of grey green scales. 
sagartia. C. sagartia Led. (Vol. 1, plate 27 d). $$ with a pale greenish tinge are called flava Vrty. 
flava. 
wiskotti. C. wiskotti Stgr. (Vol. 1, plate 27 d). ab. palaenoides Vrty. are $<$ which have the same shade as normal 
palacnoides. .p a [ aen0 an( i a ] so remind one of this species by the straight border to the marginal band. In place of ab. alexandra 
rucckbeUi. Eoeb. (Vol. 1, p. 70) nec Edwards and for reasons of priority the name rueckbeili 0. B.-H. should be used. 
aquilo. C. aquilo Aust. was described from a specimen from America — Colias lesbia Fldr. — - according to 
the researches of 0. Bang-Haas. The error occurred apparently by a confusion of locality labels: the specimens 
sent to Austaut by Max Bartel simultaneously, originated from northernmost Lapland. 
20. Genus: l^eptitlfa Billb., Wood Whites. 
sinapis. L. sinapis L. (Vol. 1, plate 27 f). Stauder gives the name patunae to a $ variety of the spring generation 
patunae. 0 f lathyri Hbn. The $$ quite resemble those of duponcheli Stgr. and only differ by having the middle streaks 
arduenna. on the underside of the hindwings two or three times as long. Gorizia, Trieste. — ab. arduenna Crombrugghe 
from Belgium closely resembles amurensis Men. differing by the better development of the subapical mark on 
the underside of the fore wings. — In sinapis Verity through his interesting researches has created innumerable 
new names for minute individual variations, which he has quite unjustifiably called “races”. His deductions 
are often so lacking in precision and so little convincing, that one can only very rarely agree with him. 
pseudodu- Forms of the spring generation are: ab. pseudoduponcheli Vrty. with the marking and colour of certain 
poncheli. specimens of duponcheli from the east Pyrenees, ab. melanoinspersa Vrty. is a from Turkestan with very 
uielanoms- j ar g e an( [ t)LvcL apical mark which extends as far as the inner margin by an appression of black scales. The 
iransiens. underside is powdered all over with black, transiens Vrty. flies in England and resembles bivittata Vrty. but it 
has the two stripes on the underside broader and more diffuse, not clearly outlined. — Verity received specimens 
from Austria which did not have quite such elongated and pointed wing contour as croatica and which he 
denominates as a separate race acuta. The characteristics given would not even justify calling it a variety let 
nigrescens. alone a race. ab. nigrescens Vrty. occurs at the estuary of the Arno and is said to form a race of its own-. The 
black dusting at the base of the wings on the upper and undersides and the apical mark are so black as no 
bivittata. other form known to Verity, also the disc and the areas beyond share in the black dusting, bivittata Vrty. 
belongs to the 2nd generation. Typical specimens come from Mount Conca but it is said to occur at many spots 
in Italy (England ?). It is also not a race (subspecies) but only a frequently occurring variety. It is characterised 
by grey dusting at the base of the wings and the apex of the fore wings. The underside has two narrow 
sharply outlined grey transverse streaks, which are clearly separated. — Verity presumes there are several 
