monUifcra. 
verm a. 
laiicincta. 
satarnus. 
diana. 
cclria. 
saclialinen- 
sis. 
syreis. 
conjluens. 
jalaurida. 
elwesi. 
gelduba. 
muskata. 
patra. 
aiiiumnalis. 
ottensis. 
goschkevit¬ 
chii. 
solr.wiyof- 
Icae. 
130 ZOPHOESSA; MELANITIS; NEOPE. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
L. monilifera Oberth. (8 b). The appearance of this species, which is most closely connected to sicelis 
(Vol. 1, plate 31 b) is sufficiently clearly shown by our illustration. It occurs at Siao-lu, not far from Mupin, close 
to the boundary of Thibet and Szechuan. 
L. verma Roll. Fruhstorfer limits this name to specimens which do not have so wide a white oblique 
band as the specimen illustrated in Vol. 1, plate 30 e, which belongs to the wet season, whilst verma typica from 
precisely the same locality is said to occur during the dry season. The wet season form is denominated by 
Friihstorfer as laticincta. satamus Fruhst. is described in Vol. 9, p. 324 as a mountain form from West 
China which penetrates into the palaearctic region at Omei-shan, in these specimens the white oblique band 
is particularly narrow inversely towards the anal region. 
L. diana Btlr. This species was described from the Hokkaido where the specimens are said to be somewhat 
daintier and smaller than on the main island. Frithstorfer proposes therefore to give the name celeja for the 
latter which is illustrated in Vol. 1, plate 31 a. — diana is not universally distributed and larger or smaller 
specimens can occur separately locally or also intermingled. The 2 specimens illustrated in Vol. 1 were caught 
not far from Hiogo (at the Mino Waterfalls). — sachalinensis Mats. (8 a) comes from the South of Sachalin 
where the species is much more frequent, more than on the southern islands. The ground colour is said to be 
of darker tone and then again the eye in the anal angle of the hindwings on the underside is smaller and the 
violet eyespot rings are not so distinct. 
L. syreis Hew. Of this species which is illustrated in Vol. 1, plate 31 b, but erroneously denominated 
with “ gemina ” Oberthur describes a form from Ta-tsien-lu, which he names confluens (8 b): it differs through 
a few very immaterial characteristics which can be seen from our illustration. 
4. Genus: Zoplioessa DU. 
This Genus which has been fully dealt with in Vol. 1 and of which I mentioned there (p. 86) that it 
could scarcely be differentiated from Lethe has since (Vol. 9, p. 314) only been retained as a group of species. 
Nevertheless the species mentioned here are usually recognisable by their wing contour. Furthermore, the middle 
cell of the forewings is narrower than in Lethe of the typical group and the hindwings are clearly tailed, this is 
less so in the typical Zophoessa than in the group Magula newly established by Fruhstorfer Vol. 9, p. 313. 
Z. jalaurida Nic. (Vol. 1, p. 87) penetrates into the palaearctic region in 2 directions from the Himalayas 
where it occurs widely distributed. In the western region (Kashmir) it is somewhat more duskily coloured 
than the east himalayan form which was illustrated in Vol. 1, plate 32 c as jalaurida from the southern 
boundary of Thibet, this latter form has been separated by Fruhstorfer as elwesi Mr., it has more sharply 
outlined silvery bands on the underside. — The west Chinese form gelduba Fruhst. is again to be separated from 
this, but it is exceedingly rare in the palaearctic region, which it scarcely ever reaches. On the upperside it has 
a darker olive tone; there is no silvery line on the median as in elwesi and the single stripe behind the cell is 
double in gelduba. 
5. Genus: Melanitis F. 
Since the publication of Vol. 1 Fruhstorfer declares that the Chinese M. aswa Leech is a phedima 
form and that this again should be separated in various forms, muskata Fruhst.., which he sometimes writes 
in this way and sometimes as mulcata is said to be based on a larger ^ of the rainy season: it varies from the 
indian aswa Mr. (= tristis Fldr.) through its larger size, paler underside and more yellowish apex on the upper- 
side of the hindwings. - patra Fruhst. is a smaller mountain form of this: it is also a rainy season form without 
the yellow apex in the $ and with better developed row of eye-spots on the underside of the hindwings. The 
form illustrated in Vol. 1, plate 32 e as ismene Fruhstorfer considers to be the dry season form of this species 
and names it auturnnalis separating it from the form from China denominated by Leech as leda. - - The typical 
ismene therefore would not occur in the palaearctic region, whilst auturnnalis is not rare on the Omei-shan and 
it is the commonest butterfly in the south of China (Kwangtung) in the late autumn. — The specimens of this 
species denominated by Matsumura as ottensis would also have to be added to the genus of Melanitis. They 
occur at Kiushiu the southern island of Japan proper. 
6. Genus: ^ie4.*g>e Btlr. 
M. goschkevitchii Men. This species is found in Sachalin and the form found there has been separated 
as solowiyofkae Mats. (8 a). The underside, which varies considerably also in specimens from Hondo, appears to 
be less characteristic: on the upperside one is struck by the increase in the size of the black spots occurring* 
throughout the yellow outer band, which are frequently cubiform. Whilst goschkevitchii flies in Tokio in May 
and then again in autumn, the solowiyofkae illustrated here were caught in June and July; it might therefore 
