156 
MELANARGIA. By M. Gaede. 
mcadc-wcil- 
doi. 
lachesis. 
nemausia- 
ca. 
alia. 
flavescens. 
galenoides. 
novemocel- 
laia. 
monodi. 
irimoiileii. 
amargina- 
ia. 
escorialen- 
s is. 
olaria. 
pried a. 
superocella- 
ta. 
liica. 
inocellata. 
japygia. 
medioitali- 
cci- 
flavescens. 
ochrea. 
ochreopicta. 
galenifor- 
mis. 
novemocel- 
lata. 
punctellata. 
catcdonica. 
pseudolu- 
casi. 
inglada. 
arragonen- 
sis. 
peninsulae. 
centralis. 
immacula- 
ta. 
bisoculaia. 
complelissi- 
ma. 
jalemus. 
specimens from Batna and El Kantara. Constantine. — As a counterpart hereto we have meade-waldoi 
Rothsch. from West Morocco, a dark form corresponding to procida. 
According to the views of Fruhstorfer and Stauder lucasi is a separate species from galathea. 
Neither author expresses an opinion in regard to the consequent necessity of a division of the sicilian- 
north-african races. 
M. lachesis Hbn. (Vol. 1, p. 115). According to Oberthur nemausiaca Esp. from South France is dis¬ 
tinguishable in the $ by a darker, clearer marginal band on hindwings; it was dealt with in this way in 
Vol. 1. Of the form canigulensis Oberth. (= flava Rbb.) from the Pyrenees, a small high altitude form alta 
Oberth. is also striking by its wide black markings. The spots and eyespots on hindwing underside are black 
not rust-brown. Sierra Alta. There is a cataleuca form of it without markings on the underside and which differs 
on the upperside from the typical pale cataleuca Stgr. by its smallness and dark colour. — flavescens Oberth. 
represents a single A of canigulensis with bold yellow ground colour. Vernet-les-Bains. In the same district 
specimens also occur correspondingly with galathea-galene in which the eyespots are absent on upper and 
underside: galenoides Oberth : also with supernummerary eyespots: novemocellata Oberth. 2 eyespots on fore¬ 
wings, a further eye in the otherwise empty space above vein 4. — A further incomplete galenoides has been 
named monodi Th.-Mieg , in place of eyespots on underside they are merely indicated by black and yellow 
scales. On upperside the outer margin is scarcely black. With such transition forms one cannot always defi¬ 
nitely agree where they should be placed. - trimouleti Pionneau is the corresponding form in canigulensis 
that galathea-trimouleti is. Disco-cellular vein on forewing is white, 5 mm long, not only in proximal part 
as commonly occurs. The black median spot on costa is large. Toulouse. — In amarginata Oberth. (8 c) the 
band of cone-like marks on margin is quite absent on underside. Vernet-les-bains. The following forms of 
lachesis (not canigulensis ) are found in Spain. escorialensis 9 Oberth. from mid Spain approaches on underside 
to cataleuca 9 Stdgr. Middleband and row of eyespots however still present though faint. — olaria Rbb. 
(= orlaria Rbb., barcinonaria Sag., procida Melcon) is somewhat dusky. The white marginal spots are smaller 
or quite absent. Catalonia, Andalusia. — In prieta Rbb. (8 c) the whole outer area is black. Andalusia, super- 
ocellata Melcon has an eyespot on the hindwings in the otherwise open space. Castile. 
M. titea King (Vol. 1, p. 115). inocellata Wagner. A form from Beirut without eyespots may be 
termed an extreme form of titania Galb. Below the race form. 
M. japygia Gyrillo. Of the 3 main races we find the typical japygia in lower Italy. — In mid Italy 
medioitalica Vrty (8 d) a small form (48—50 mm) occurs. It has more extensive black markings, ground colour 
white, not yellowish. A dark band below at end of cell on the 2 lines. Also shaded around the eyespots. Monti 
Sibillini. — On the other hand in the Sabine mountains occasionally the <$ with deep yellow tone, flaves¬ 
cens Dhl., the 9 however not so. Underside of these sometimes brown-yellow: ochrea Dhl. corresponds to 
galathea-fulvata. — In the south french-spanish race cleanthe Bsd., ochreopicta 9 represents a normal 
cleanthe on upperside. Underside all lines are heavily black. On hindwings underneath base is dusted with 
grey, subsequent band and eyespot ochreous. Albarracin. - Of the usual forms with variations of eyespots 
are named: galeniformis 9 Oberth. Very large, black markings meagre. On upperside without eyespots, under¬ 
neath only indications thereof on hindwings. Digne. Also mentioned by Oberthur as from Hungary, but there 
another name has been given to the race suwarovius. — The opposite: novemocellata Oberth. with super¬ 
nummerary eyes also occurs at Digne. — punctellata Pionneau has only a small black dot as an apical spot. 
Aragon. — Of the Spanish races catalonica Sag. is more extensively black, the white marginal moonspots 
small, often absent. Clearly marked on underside. Catalonia, Aragon. — Among these occasionally pseudo- 
lucasi Weiss occurs in Aragon. Darker at end of cell on fore wings, darker on hindwings especially radially 
under the cell. - inglada Fruhst., the form from Madrid is less black in apical area of fore wings, on the 
other hand darker on inner margin. In the 9 the black marking merges with the submarginal spot. On upper- 
side of hindwings eyespots larger, more heavily shaded with black, the white marginal spots almost twice as 
large as in the southern french cleanthe. Also in arragonensis Sag. the eyespots are clouded with a brown 
shade, so that possibly it is identical with the previous form. peninsulae Sag. on the other hand has bold 
eyespots on a pale ground on hindwings, the white lunules large. Ground colour of forewings is pale, the black 
marking with sharp outline. Escorial. The same author names another race, centralis Sag., can however not 
give exact particulars owing to insufficient material. Besides adriana Sag. and pyrenaica Sag. are mentioned 
in literature but no descriptions are to be found. — Also in the hungarian-russian race of suwarovius Hbst. 
eyespot forms have been named. - inimaculata Aign. is the galene form. Eyespots generally quite absent 
on hindwings, also often the apical eye on forewings. Budapest. bisoculata Stauder has an additional eye- 
spot below on the forewing, completissima Stauder has besides a further one on hindwing. Ufa (Volga). — 
After transcaspica Stdgr. (Vol. 1, p. 116) we place the alpine race jalemus Fruhst. It is darker. The sub- 
apical area of forewing and anal ocelli of hindwing daintier than in trancaspica. Cell especially of 9 blacken¬ 
ed. Inner margin of fore wing and middle area of hindwing form together a black area brightened only by 
