198 
PANTOPORIA; STIBOCHIONA. By M. Gaede. 
moltrechti. 
rivularis. 
rufopunc- 
iaia. 
tricolorata. 
completa. 
bifasciata. 
primigenia. 
pro dig a. 
pygmaeana. 
trivena. 
gilgitica. 
hydaspes. 
pratti. 
core ana. 
eximia. 
populi. 
mittisi. 
auronitens. 
r uberrima. 
bifulvata. 
teriolensis. 
belgiensis. 
fruhstorferi. 
houlberti. 
ningpoana. 
erebina. 
punctata. 
alba. 
nicea. 
viridicans. 
L. moltrechti Kardak. (12 e). Very similar to amphyssa Men. (Vol. 1, p. 182). Only the white main 
spot in the cell on forewings, the smaller posterior spot is absent. The spots of the main band on both wings 
only half as long as in ampliyssa. The pale submarginal line is distinctly luniform. The white spot on the 
forewings below the base of rib 2 is absent on underside. Amur, S. Ussuri territory. 
L. rivularis Scop. ( = L. Camilla auct. cet.). The following aberrations are named: rufopunctata Lucas, 
wings with red submarginal spots. — tricolorata Grund with brown-red markings, especially at apex of forewings, 
also a similar spot below the costa, more rarely the entire ends of the ribs spotted with red-brown on hindwings. 
Similar forms have been bred by exposure to cold. completa Der. The brownish-white spot in the cell is 
absent on upperside of forewings. — bifasciata Niep. has the 3 apical spots on forewings conjoined to a wide 
band with the next marginal spot. On the hindwings the posterior ribs do not show expanding black in the 
bands. — The species has 3 generations in the South and this makes denominations inevitable. The 1st generation 
is distinctly smaller and more daintily built, the white marking less pronounced; primigenia Vrty., typical from 
Florence, the 2nd retains the name rivularis, the 3rd is prodiga Fruhst. It is as large as herculeana Stick. (Vol. 1, 
p. 183, plate 57 c), generally there is a white spot on the forewings behind the cell, in the cell a wide quadrangular 
white spot, the band on hindwings wide. Savoy. In the Mainardo Mountains especially large specimens of 
herculeana occur (2nd generation), the 1st and 3rd correspond with primigenia and prodiga. A small 3rd 
generation, <$ 36, $ 40 mm on an average, is pygmaeana Vrty., otherwise not different from prodiga. Leghorn 
(Italy). 
L. frivena Mr. (Vol. I, p. 183). The race lepechini Ersch. (Vol. 1, plate 57 d) occurs in 2 forms as far as 
Kashmir: gilgitica Tytl. has somewhat shorter white spots in the main band. The outer row of red-yellow 
marginal spots especially is fainter on both wings. The white cell spot of forewings is very wide. — hydaspes 
Tytl. has the main band and cell spot fairly normal. At the margin the inner row of spots is extinct, the outer 
narrowly retained. 
L. pratti Leech. (Vol. 1, p. 183, plate 56 d). A more faintly marked race is named coreana Mats. The 
white spots on forewings are smaller, the middle band of hindwings narrower, the white and reddish submarginal 
spots on both wings fainter. Corea. eximia Moltr. has a somewhat dentate margin on hindwings similar to 
populi L. Ground colour black-brown, the white-yellow bands narrow in the still narrower in the <$, the 
reddish row of spots narrow, band-like. Vladivostock, Sntschan. 
L. populi L. (Vol. 1, p. 184, plate 56 d). mittisi Oberth. is a specimen that is quite black on upperside, 
fairly normal on underside. The other aberrations show an increase of the yellow-red marking. — In auronitens 
Cab. the marginal hmules on upperside of hindwings are golden-yellow, not yellowish-red. ruberrima Schultz 
( = antigone Cab. C). The yellow-red apical spots of forewings larger and double, the 5 marginal spotsextending 
to the apex, the yellow-red antemarginal band of hindwings large, double. - bifulvata Cab. The <$ has besides 
the normal yellow-red lunule on the disco-cellular of the forewings and behind the black spot beyond same in the 
cell, a further large yellow-red spot instead of the whitish one. teriolensis Dhl. is the normal race in the S. 
Tyrol, it is identical with bucovinensis Horm. dealt with in Volume 1, which Dannehl asserts to be an aberration. 
goliath Fruhst. denominates larger specimens of teriolensis . The name teriolensis therefore should be withdrawn 
in any case in favour of goliath or bucovinensis. — belgiensis Cab. The ground colour is purer black, the light 
marking purer white and more extensive than in typical german specimens. Belgium and N. France, 
fruhstorferi Krul. forms a transition to ussuriensis Stgr. (Vol. 1, plate 56 e). The white bands are wide, the 
rusty-yellow lunules small, often absent on forewings, marginal lunules distinctly white. On underside the 
inner margin of forewings blackish as far as the cell, hindwings bluish. E. Russia. 
L. houlberti Oberth. (12 b). Distinct by the vertical position of the wide brownish-white band extending 
over both wings. Underside almost the same as upperside. Tseku. 
4. Genus: Pantoporia Hbn. 
P. ningpoana Leech (Vol. 1, p. 187, plate 59 b); — The race erebina Oberth. is blackish on upperside 
except for a few white spots, on hindwings only faint traces of the typical 2 bands are discernible. Underside 
bright reddish-brown with more strongly pronounced grey marginal spots, 2 rows of dots on hindwings. Siao-lu. 
P. punctata Leech (Vol. 1, p. 188, plate 61 c $). The illustration fairly represents the form alba Oberth. 
from Ta-tsien-lu, but there should be a streak in the cell on the forewings similar to sulpitia Cr. and on the 
hindwings the 3rd band from the margin should be as bright as the last. The underside with the exception of 
the streak in the cell is identical with the original illustration of alba. We therefore illustrate now (12 d) 
punctata Leech according to Oberthur, in which the yellow bands are wider than the white bands of alba. 
5. Genus: &t!lM><*Siioiia Btlr. 
S. nicea Gray. (Vol. 1, p. 188, plate 52 a), nicea is a wet season form. viridicans Fruhst. is the smaller 
dry season form. Hindwings and submarginal field of forewings traversed by pale green bands. Kashmir to 
W! China. 
