252 
ZIZERA. By Chr. Bollow. 
Of specimens with a more luxurious marking, that is to say an enlargement of the ocelli dots and spots, only 
striata, the ab. striata Tutt (= elongata Gourv.) has received denomination. In this form the spots of the underside 
seem inclined to be elongated, forming streaks and marks more or less like a comma. — Denominations given 
major, to variations in size are: ab. major Tutt for specimens larger than 24 mm. and ab. minor Tutt for those that are 
dnutis ^ ess ^ ian I® mm. Stephan has given the name minutissima for a dwarf form of 14 mm. — ab. pseudodolus 
■sima. Bergstr. is a pretty form with rounded wings and uniform brown colour on upperside. Underside is a clear 
pseudodo- ashy-blue with a single arc of dots and a small ocellus in the disc of the forewing as well as 3 dots in the disc 
monia'iia the hindwing. — montana Fame, from the Valais is larger than the name type form, heavily dusted with 
grey-green. This may be a race and it would be well to define its locality more precisely. — A very small race 
trinacriae. trinacriae Vrtij. of 18 mm and often even as small as 14 mm expanse occurs in Sicily, St. Martin delle Scale. 
700 m altitude. Neither the Ud' nor $$ show a trace of metallic sheen at base of wings on upperside; the 
volpii. colour is a dull grey-black but lighter than in other races. — Romei classifies as a separate race: volpii from 
Sidi-Messri in Tripoli. This is reported to vary considerably from the name type form so that the author is 
almost of the opinion that it is a separate species. Unfortunately the description which covers 2 pages does not 
help one to form a correct opinion as to the exact appearance of the insect, as the treatise deals chiefly with 
extraneous matters such as a reference to books of Oberthur etc. which are not very helpful. The butterfly 
is said to resemble specimens from Portugal, which Querci had captured, but is rather smaller. The $ is a 
brighter and lighter violet shade and a warmer tone. The marginal band is lighter and more extended on all 
wings than in the name type form. The insect can only be recognised when combined with a locality label. - 
carswelli. Stempffer has described as carsweili a race occurring in May in the Sierra Espuna in the province of Mercia 
in Spain. Shortly afterwards Riley described the same insect as a new species under the name arcilais, but he 
soon recognised that he was too late and withdrew the name in favour of carswelli. The form corresponds 
exactly to the name type form in regard to size but differs in the $ sex by the absence of all metallic blue-green 
scaling on the upperside at base of wing, such as is the rule with races from neighbouring countries. The chief 
difference is, however, in the underside in the ordination of the ocelli dots. In the forewing the arc of dots is 
closer to the outer margin, in the hindwing however the row is interrupted in such a way that below the 2 upper 
spots 4 form an arc. Under these are the 3 last anal dots. The ordination of the spots is most readily comparable 
howkowi. with those of semiargus , with which they have the greatest possible similarity. — subsp. howkowi Tutt from 
Howkow near Ta-tsien-lu is a very large representative of the species. The has heavy blue scaling at base of 
wings and in disc and differs considerably on the underside from all other races. Underside is strikingly white 
noguerae. and shows poorly developed spots. The name established by Verity of noguerae is a nomen nudum. Verity 
indicates that minima is very rare in Spain, he has seen a specimen marked “Sierra Nevada” in South Kensington 
and he has named the race “ noguerae ”. This procedure designates better than any words what one must think 
of Mr. Verity and his new races. 
lorquinii. Z. lorquiriii H.-Schdfj. (Vol. 1, p. 295, pi. 82 d). Ribbe found a form in the Sierra de Alfacar with 
reduced markings on underside. There are no ocelli on the hindwings except the one in the middle and also on 
aodibuja. the forewings they are reduced or extinct, this form has therefore been named nodifcuja. - Verity deems it 
desirable to create a separate race for the form flying in the neighbourhood of Albarracin: in appearance it 
somewhat closely approaches Lyc. sebrus Bsd. (Vol. 1, p. 319) and is quite different from the specimens occur- 
■pseudolor- ring in Grenada and Africa. It has therefore been named pseudolorquinii Vrty. — Tutt found a further race 
■quinii. ( n Morea, Greece, which he named nioreana. It is the same size and form as the Spanish lorquinii, but differs 
mouana. ^p r0U g] 1 ^he absence of the dark marginal border and the discoidal lunule on upperside of forewings. Fringes 
are nicely white and form a striking contrast with the delicate black marginal line. Markings on underside 
differ only by the absence of 2 spots, of which there are usually 4 in the disc. 
maha. Z. maha Roll. (Vol. 1. p. 296, pi. 79 c). This species varies very little, being most constant. Courvoisier 
radiata. discovered the ab. radiata in which the arc of eyespots is confluent with the relative marginal lunules. — $ ab. 
insolUa. insolita Wilem. from Tokio, .Japan, is classified to subsp. argia Men. (Vol. 1, p. 296). The marginal lunules on 
the underside are extended to form a row of longish interrerval spots: 6 on the fore wings and 8 on the hindwings. - 
saishuionis. The form described as saishutonis Mats, found on the Island of Quelpart, Corea is probably only a form of the 
widely distributed argia Men. and not a subspecies. It differs from same by the wide white edge to the costa 
of the forewings excepting the apex, and by a row of pale bluish submarginal eyespots which diminish in size 
towards the costa. The ocelli of hindwings are brown with white surrounds. Underside is darker than in argia, 
dots distinctly smaller, only those in the submarginal appear somewhat larger and are distinctly dentate on 
the hindwings. 
sylvia. Z. sylvia Nakahara from Kusakimura in the province of Harima in Japan, reminds one of the summer 
generation of maha Roll., but differs only through the smaller and narrower shape of the wings. As the other 
differences are also minute we must wait until an examination of the genitals has taken place to establish the 
justification of a species. 
