LYCAENA. By Chr. Bollow. 
antili- 
banolica. 
gigas. 
sanoga. 
baroghila. 
christophi ■ 
lesliei. 
alcedo „ 
no ah. 
optilete. 
elongata. 
pluri- 
puncfa. 
ochrosiigma. 
illustris. 
daisetsu- 
zana. 
shonis. 
kurilensis. 
kamui- 
kotana. 
panagaca. 
taygetica. 
iris, 
astorica . 
264 
A further subsp. antilibanotica Hemming emanates from Baalbeck and has a very limited distribution in a 
small very deep waterway. It is a large race approximately like gigas St.gr. (Vol. 1, p. 303, pi. 78 i, k). The <$ 
is somewhat darker than lockharti and the veins do not appear lighter than the ground colour and are margined 
with black towards the black margin, which is wider. Fringes are snow-white. 99 differ from lockharti quite 
apart from the pale grey underside, by the large vivid orange-red instead of yellow-orange lunule spots in 
cellule 1 b, and similarly smaller ones in cellules 1 a and 2. Blue metallic spots are small and only faintly developed. 
subsp. sanoga Evans from Chitral and Kashmir is also of the size of gigas Stgr. Ground colour of C is dark 
purple-blue with exceptionally wide black margin. Veins are lined with black and also the discoidal lunule. 
99 appear uniformly dark black-brown with 2 medium large yellow-orange coloured lunae in anal angle. Ground 
colour of underside darker than in name type form; ocelli of arcuate row and submarginal lunae appear bolder 
and more prominent. — baroghila Tytler (16 h) from the Baroghil Pass in N. E. Chitral is very close to sanoga 
the S 33 mm. the $ 35 mm expanse. Upperside of all wings ashy-brown in $ as in the C, but with blue scales 
scattered over the basal area of wings and liindwings with a row of dark marginal spots bordered with blue- 
grey. Upperside of $ unicoloured ash-brown without any marking, underside precisely as sanoga. 
L. christophi Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 303, pi. 78 k). A new race from Ladak, Hunza and Gilgit is named subsp. 
lesliei Tytler. On upperside it is like samudra Mr. (79 a) and not easily distinguishable from same, whilst the 
CC have very much larger and more prominent black ocelli of the arcuate row on underside of fore wings. The 
9$ occurring at Kiris are much more blue on upperside than those from Chitral. 
L. alcedo Christ. (Vol. 1, p. 304, pi. 79 a). A pair described by Herz from Noah-Pairambar in Bokhara 
is named north. The race varies from the persian alcedo by its greater size and lighter, more brilliant blue ground 
colour, the narrower black margin which is not so sharply outlined but gradually merges into the ground 
colour. Basal spot is absent in both sexes on underside of forewings. This never occurs in the name type form 
and is a feature of both sexes. The silver spots on hindwings are also absent whilst they regularly occur in 
persian specimens. 
L. optilete Enoch. (Vol. 1, p. 3U4, pi. 79 b). —- Of the usual variations also ab. elongata Courv. with 
distended marginal spots and ab. pluripuncta Courv. with additional dots are found in this species. — From 
the Grossglockner region Zullich records $ ab. ohsoleta with reduced ocelli on underside of fore wings as well 
as arcuate eyespots of hindwings absent. Dannehl describes ab. ochrostigma from E. Prussia and Hanover. 
These are 9$ with well developed orange to pale yellow spots in front of the outer margin on upperside of 
hindwings; also ab. illustris which has a distinct white submarginal formed from fine undulating lines enclosing 
the ocelli in front of the margin of hindwings. — subsp. daisetsuzana Mats, from Mount Daisetu in Hokkaido 
only known in the <$ sex and differing from sibirica Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 304) by the more reddish tone of the blue 
of upperside and the dark margin of both wings which is only half as wide. Underside of fore wings is darker 
grey with larger, more distinct spots with white ringlets. Hindwings grey-white with faint green hue; basal 
spots appear larger, submarginal region smaller and lighter, reduced as also are the red anal spots. — subsp. 
shonis Mats, from Happa in the province Kankyonando in Corea has an expanse of 30 mm in the and 29 mm 
in 9 and reminds one also of sibiricus Stgr. The SC are distinguishable by the larger, wider form of the wings, 
the darker blue which does not incline to reddish on the upperside, as well as the enlarged spot marking of the 
upperside. The reddish lunae in cellules 1 b and 2 are particularly striking. The 9 shows only one reddish 
spot in cellule 1 b on underside of hindwings. — Of subsp. kurilensis Mats, captured on the Kurile Islands the 
SC have the expanse of about 37 mm, they are smaller than sibiricus and therefore show much smaller spot 
markings on underside of wings. Generally the marginal spots are absent on forewings and the reddish lunule 
in cellule 1 b on hindwings is scarcely perceptible. — Also from the Kurile Islands, from Kamuikota, Etorop 
Island, we have subsp. kamuikotana Mats, and also only the SS which differ on the underside of forewings 
from sibiricus. They show larger spots with paler surrounds of which the black inner spot in cellule 1 b is 
separated into 2. Ground colour of underside is considerably darker. 
L. panagaea H.-Schdff. (Vol. 1, p. 304, pi. 79 b). — Rebel obtained at an altitude of 2100 m on the 
Taygetos the race taygetica of which the S is distinguishable by a narrower margin, only 2 mm on forewings, 
1 mm on hindwings. The discoidal lunule of forewings is crescent shape in both sexes. It is absent on hind¬ 
wings. The 9 is black-grey on upperside with a nebulous blue at base of wings. In front of the margin there 
are as in the S blackish marginal dots with faint surrounds. Underside is grey without the brownish tone of 
the name type form. The red spots at the anal angle of the hindwings are absent, whilst all the other mark¬ 
ings are normal. 
L. iris Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 305, pi. 79 b). — Only subsp. astorica Tytler (16 c) from the Gudhai in Astor 
and Haita nela in Gilgit is newly described. We have here a very fine race which has more yellowish-brown 
in place of brown on the upperside of forewings, espsciallv in specimens from Gilgit. Underside of forewings 
is light yellowish-brown, that of hindwings more yellowish-grey with very wide white band between the arcuate 
row and the submarginal spots. The black ocelli have white ringlets and are somewhat irregularly placed. 
