LYCAENA. Bv Chb. Bollow. 
267 
L. cyane Ev. (16 e and Vol. 1, p. 306). The 9 of the name type has base of underside dusted with blue cgam 
and there are several small, clear-cut glossy metallic, blue-green dots at margin of anal angle. Koschant- 
schikov discovered $ ab. radiata in the neighbourhood of Minussinsk in E. Siberia. It has upperside scaled radiate 
with blue in ray-like formation. — subp. maxima O. B.-H. occurs in Kansu around Lanchowfoo, the d'J are maxima 
of 25 mm expanse and thus much larger than typical cyane from the Urals. Upperside intensely lustrous light 
blue; underside more brownish and with smaller spots than cyane. Discoidal lunule of forewings just as faint 
as in specimens from the western Sajan mountains; the red band of hindwings dissolved into separate spots. 
The $ looks unicolourous brown. — Around Minussinsk we find the race kozhantschikovi Shelj. which is very kozhantschi 
close to the name type form. It is also larger than same, especially the 9? which have an expanse of 35 mm. 
whilst typical cyane scarcely exceed 31 mm. Wing contour is somewhat wider and more rounded. Blue of 
upperside of shows a still purer sky blue and both sexes show somewhat larger black marginal dots on 
hindwings than cyane. — A J from Issykkul in the collection of O. Bang-Haas is classified as a separate race 
ella, it can be recognised at once by its dusky impression. Upperside dull purple-violet, not sky blue, with a ella. 
wide black border of 1% mm breadth. Ground colour scarcely any paler anterior to margin, cell end spot of 
forewing only indicated by a faint striation. Underside impure white, even a delicate grey; blue-green dusting 
of hindwings covers the basal eyespots and extends up to the anal submarginal row. All ocelli dark brown with 
white edges. Submarginal lunae contiguous, brown, very prominent, the yellow marginal lunae extremely 
pale, only one distinct metallic blue anal spot is present. — Suschkin described a further race tarbagata from tarbagata 
Tarbargatai. The upperside of $ is without whitish spots, black margin of forewings generally wider. In the 
9 the whitish spots before the margin of wing are absent. The yellow-red lunules only present in cellules 2 
and 3. Black markings reduced in size, but a very deep black shade. The $ has an expanse of 24—29 mm. 
the $ 26—29 mm. 
L. orbitulus Prun. (Vol. 1, p. 307, pi. 79 f). Of this common Lycaena, that is distributed over the entire 
palaearctic territory, a large number of new subspecies have been created, quite apart from the usual variations. 
Whether these races that are described as separate species, often according to one or a few specimens captured 
in hardly accessible regions in Asia, will actually prove to be species, must be left to further research when a 
richer and more comprehensive material may be available. — $ ab. striata Rev. (= ab. radiata Courv.) from 
the Torrentalp, has a blue circumscription to the discoidal lunule on upperside of forewings and two blue 
streaks at apex. The black spots of underside of forewings are elongated to streaks and merge. — ab. subtus - 
punciis-fortissimis Fame with larger ocelli on underside can be classified with orbitulinus Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 307). 
— ab. transparens Courv. has markings of underside reflected through on upperside. — ab. albopuncta Tuft 
has the normal black spots, as white spots without black centres, but transition forms also occur having pure 
white ocelli mixed with such with black pupils. — In ab. obsoleta Tutt (caeca Courv., caeca Musch.) only the 
discoidal lunule is retained on underside of hindwings, all the other maculae, the basal and costal spots, as well 
as spots of arcuate row are missing. — ab. sinepuncta Tutt denotes specimens without basal spots on fore and 
hindwings and ab. unipuncta Tutt such with only one basal spot. — ab. latimargo Ebert is classified to albo- 
ocellata Wheel.-Gillm. It occurs in the Alps of Algau and has a dark upperside with wide black margin extending 
into the area of the wings as far as discoidal lunule, so that there is only a small area at base for the blue 
dusting. — An exact counterpart hereto is $ ab. pseudoborealis Ebert having the black margin reduced to a 
fine line, so that the marginal spots of hindwings stand out unattached in the ground colour. — dealbata Vrty. 
from Stelvio and Schmalzkopf can scarcely claim to be a race, it is said to be less densely scaled and much 
paler on upper and undersides than normal specimens. 
orbitulus. 
striata. 
transparens 
albopuncta 
obsoleta. 
sinepuncta 
unipuncta. 
latimargo. 
alboocel- 
latu 
pseudo¬ 
borealis 
dealbata. 
L. nevadensis Zullich is described as a separate species chiefly on account of a variation in the nevadensis. 
androconia, but would better be classified under orbitulus. It occurs on Monte Lobo at 2400 m altitude 
in the Sierra Nevada and resembles the name type form in many essential features. Expanse on the 
average is 25 mm in S', 23 mm in 9- Ground colour of E<S is uniformly dusky brown, somewhat like orbitulus 
99 with metallic green scaling at base of wings. Fringes are yellowish in <$, pure white in 9 - Dark margin 
does not contrast with ground colour. Discoidal lunules of both sexes better developed on forewings than 
on hindwings, generally with white surround on former. Both sexes have marginal spots surrounded with 
white and decorated inwards with dark brown triangular cuneiform marks. <$ and 9 show the same brown 
ground colour on underside. In contrast to orbitulus the oval black ocelli of the arcuate row have distinct 
white surrounds and attach themselves to the row of black cuneiform spots next to the orange coloured 
anal lunae. Also all the other ocelli are a deep black with rich white surrounds. The form of the andro¬ 
conia is somewhat more widely oval with fewer ribs than in the name type form. — subsp. astorica Tytler aslorica. 
(16 c) from the Stacksby Pass and Goorais in Astor is far removed from the typical orbitulus leela Nic. (Vol. 1. 
p. 307) by the absence of the pale spots on upperside of 3 and reduction of the pale patches which have become 
small and unimportant. — subsp. walli Evans is described from Chitral. It has a prominent cell end spot on walli. 
upperside of forewings, but no white cell spots; sometimes dark ones occur in the 9 - Ground colour of $ is 
