Pull. 20. XII. 19.30. 
LYCAENA. By ( 'hr. Borrow. 
european specimens and the black spots more striking. Differs from pseuderos Mr. (Vol. L, p. 311) from Kashmir 
by a generally paler colour, tartarus was collected around Linchowfu in Kansu. — subsp. epodes Fruhst. 
occurs in the Chingan Mountains. It is of the same size as klaphecki but with more roundish wing contour, 
about like eroides. In the colouration of upperside the race comes between klaphecki and the name type form, 
on underside it inclines more towards the latter. A row of faintly indicated yellowish spots with black surrounds 
on fore wings together with the relatively wide row of yellow-red crescents on hindwings are characteristic. 
These are still larger than in eroides , but less extensive than in klaphecki. 
L. venus Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 311, pi. 80 e). — wiskotti Courv. from Naryn in Turkestan is distinguishable 
by its very dark underside and strikingly developed white streaks on hindwings as compared with name type. 
L. stoliczkana Flclr. (Vol. 1, p. 311). — From the western Karakoram, Khupjerah, Gujerab and Baturu 
we have janetae Evans , a similar race to hunza Gr.-Grsh. (80 e). It has however darker, more leaden ground 
colour, as Well as dark ocelli, more boldly edged with white on both wings. On hindwings the white ringlets 
suppress the black pupils and create more or less wide white streaks from middle of cell to margin. In sub¬ 
marginal area there are fairly large triangular white spots lying internervally in place of the orange lunae. 
L. everesti Riley (16 d) is a new Lycaena discovered by the Mount Everest Expedition. It occurs on 
the northern slopes of the Himalayas at great altitudes. It is as yet not cpiite certain whether it is a separate 
species, but the genitals which are differently formed to those of arena Faivc. and which otherwise it closely 
resembles, seem to indicate that it is so. The $ differs considerably, the underside is darker, more brown than 
pale grey. The pale streaks and the more numerous small ocelli contrast more strongly than in arena Fawc. 
(Vol. 1, p. 311). Upperside of $ lustrous azure blue, margin narrowly black scalloped inwardly; fringes long, 
silvery white with darker edges. Underside of forewings a delicate grey with slight green suffusion at base, 
ocelli black with wide, sharply edged white ringlets. Underside of hindwings somewhat darker, inclined to 
brownish tone, base diffuse metallic green. A faint white spot in disc and over it a large white cuneiform mark. 
L. superba Stgr. (Vol. 1, p. 312, pi. 80 f). — Only ab. rubrimaculata Courv. has been newly described, 
it is a <$ with 4 black dots with red surrounds on hindwings. 
L. pulchra Shelj. is a fairly widely distributed species, although not frequent in any of its localities. 
It is known to occur at Pamirsky Post, Pshart in East Pamir and in the West Pamir at Chorog, Province 
Shugnan and on the river Gunt. J with wing expanse 24—26 mm, £ 25,5—29,5 mm. Ground colour of upperside 
of E black-brown, but almost the entire area of the forewing is fairly densely dusted with light blue scales, 
except at the margin. This increases in width from apex to hindmargin. The shade of blue resembles glaucias 
Led. (81 e) but differs from that of superba Stgr. and dagmara Gr.-Grsh. (80 f). A striking small black streak 
at closing nervure of disc. Costa with distinct white filaments up to the middle cell. Hindwings unicolourous 
black-brown with faint blue dusting only at base and inner margin. One or two more or less sharply outlined 
yellow-red spots at anal angle, corresponding to those of underside. Fringes pure white. Underside differs 
from dagmara by the grey, not yellow-brown tone. Further by the bluish green metallic lustrous and much 
more extensive basal dusting which extends almost to discoidal lunule and on inner margin to the dot of the 
median row'. The white streak is bolder and more distinct than in dagmara, where it is often almost absent. 
The § is brown without blue scaling on forewings, whilst faint traces of blue dusting are perceptible on hind¬ 
wings. Markings agree with those of <$. 
L. candalus H.-Schdff. (Vol. 1, p. 312, pi. 80 f). — Graves captured the new subsp. isauricoides on the 
Cedar Mountains on Lebanon at an altitude of 6000—6500'. The SS have pale greenish grey upperside with 
green sheen, at base inclined to metallic blue-green. Fringes long and white, margin of forewings dark brown 
with internerval scallops with points towards the base. Veins with black edges in outer area of wings, cell end 
spot narrow and black. Hindwings blue green with wide margin diminishing in size towards anal region and 
with a few similarly pointed processes as forewings. Ground colour of underside of forewing pale grey dusted 
at base with blue green, all ocelli black with white ringlets. Hindwings .somewhat richer grey and blue-green 
dusting at base more extensive, whilst markings are fainter than in name form. $ differs from candalus by the 
paler brown of upperside and by the faint blue-green dusting at base of wings. Further by a submarginal band 
of large quadrate, diffusely pale yellow spots on forewings and a similar band of pale yellow crescents on hind¬ 
wings enclosing dark blue marginal spots. Ground colour of underside is yellowish grey. Submarginal and 
marginal markings are fainter, but discal spots of fore wings bolder than in name form. 
L. dux Riley (16 c) from Milam and Burfu in Thibet is closely related to icarus Rott. (Vol. 1, pi. 80 f). 
The cell end spot is absent in <$, margin as fine as a hair and black, fringes inwardly grey, outwardly white. 
Supplementary Volume 1 35 
epodes. 
venus. 
wiskotti. 
stoliczkana 
janetae. 
everesti. 
superba. 
rubri¬ 
maculata 
pulchra. 
candalus. 
isauri¬ 
coides 
dux. 
