LYCAENA. By Chr. Bollow. 
£ / / 
Chitral shows upperside of dark blue to the dark brown margin with cell end spot on the forewings and the 
discoidal lunule on the hindwings. The $ unicolorous is brown only rarely with orange submarginal spots. gooraisica. 
gooraisica Tytler from Goorais are in which the upperside shows the blue much more suppressed than 
is the case in rupala Tytl. 
L. serica Gr.-Grshm. from Szechuan has black-brown upperside in both sexes, fringes white, brown scrica. 
at extremities of veins. The underside is exactly like sarta Alph. of which it may merely be a race, differing 
only by the grey-brown tone, a dot in the disc, a spot with wide white surround in place of the triangular white 
middle spot on the hindwings. The colour of the underside is the same in both sexes, as also is the average 
wing expanse of 30 mm. 
L. amandus Schn. (Vol. 1, p. 313, pi. 80 h). — The $ varies in colour as caerulea Rbl. (= ab. cyanea 
Aign., huebneri Oberth.) with blue upperside, black costa and similarly coloured wide margin to forewings and 
as ab. brunnea Vorbr. with cpiite unicolourous brown upperside to all wings without red marginal lunae. — ab. 
amandina Krul. are <3$ with more or less distinct black marginal spots on upperside of hindwings. Synonymous with 
this or the reverse is punctifera Schaw. as both names were given in the same year 1908. — ab. aviator Oberth. 
(16 b) is a very nice racliata variation, the median ocelli of forewings are elongated and those of the hindwings 
conjoined with the cuneiform marks of submarginal area. — subsp. hispelis Fruhst. from Martigny and the 
Simplon territory has $$ of a richer blue than name form and whitish underside. The chief characteristic is 
the almost extinct, pale yellowish red of the sub-anal maculae. — The race isias Fruhst. from the Maritime Alps 
has darker and more lustrous blue $<$ than those of other localities and these strike one by their unusually 
wide black margins. Underside of hindwings shows very large sub-anal maculae, which are edged inwardly 
by distinct and sharply outlined black cuneiform marks. The chief characteristic is the unusual size. — Very 
close to it is subsp. libisonis Fruhst. (= andreas Did. ) from the surroundings of the Clausen and Waidbruck in S. 
Tyrol. The rich silvery blue is very dark without violet tinge, the black of the wide margin extends to end of 
cell on both wings, on hindwings generally extending inwards in cuneiform shape. $ has a row of yellow spots 
in place of the light blue sub-anal dots on hindwings. Underside of and £ bluish grey, darker than in isias, 
reminding one more of the shade of hispelis. Submarginal shows the yellow-reddish spots with distinct black 
cuneiform marks. The race which has an expanse of 37 mm is among the largest. — In the roman Campagna 
a brilliant light blue race splendida Rost. <£• Zap. occurs with very narrow margin. Underside is dark grey with 
prominent orange lunae. It also occurs in Tuscany to an altitude of 400 m and is close to isias Fruhst., although 
somewhat smaller. — apenninogenita Vrty. from the Sibillini Mountains and the higher altitudes of the mid- 
italian Apennines is very close to hispelis Fruhst. and in size to splendida, differing from same by the darker, 
less brilliant blue of upperside and the darker grey of underside. — bruttia Vrty. from the San Fili on the 
Calabrian coast also reminds one of hispelis Fruhst., but it has a wider and darker margin and the blue of 
upperside shows a peculiar green tinge. Underside grey in varying degree and with its large pale lunules 
inclines strongly towards splendida. — The race abd el aziz Blach. from the moroccan Atlas scarcely differs in the 
A from the name form, whilst the $ with an expanse of 31—35 mm shows considerable differences. Ground 
colour of upperside is brown with faint reddish hue and the very striking large lunae on both wings are light 
reddish yellow. Underside has a grey-brown, slightly olive colour and the lunae are more yellow than red. 
Base of wings shows blue dusting in varying degree; in one specimen the wings are dusted with metallic blue 
up to the yellow marginal lunae and this variation has been separated and named azurea Blach. 
amandus. 
caerulea. 
brunnea. 
amandina. 
aviator. 
hispelis. 
isias. 
libison is. 
splendida. 
apenmno- 
(jenita. 
bruliia. 
abd cl aziz. 
azurea. 
L. putealis Mats, described from a from Mount Hokkuto in Corea. It has an expanse of 26 mm and puicalis. 
according to Matsumtjra it is different from any other Lycaena known to him. Upperside of forewings dark 
brown with violet sheen, which in certain light shines golden. At base of costa a few bluish white scales. 
Longitudinal veins lustrous green, fringes white. Hindwings show violet powdered base and also white fringes. 
Underside pale grey with blue dusting at base, all brown spots and dots circumscribed by white. 
stcllac. 
L, isaurica Stgr. (Vol. 1. p. 314, pi. 80 i). Courvoisier received from russian Armenia a $ ab. latimargo isaurica. 
which differs from the name type chiefly by a very wide, sharply outlined black marginal band; it shows more lalimar ( J (> - 
heavily developed ocelli and marginal lunules on underside, a long, wide white streak extending to base of 
hindwings and distinct, even though interrupted, marginal band of yellow-red spots. — subsp. dorsum-stellae dorsum- 
Grav. was discovered around Ain Haour in Ante-Lebanon at an altitude of 5900' in June. Upperside more 
lustrous, more greenish blue than in isaurica, black margin narrower and fringes pure white. On hindwings 
the distinct internerval scallops at margin are smaller than in name form. Underside shows a darker grey; 
markings of forewings inclined to be reduced, ocelli often consist only of white ringlets without the black pupils. 
On hindwings the greenish basal dusting is heavier and more extensive and the white streak in cellule 3 is 
larger. Upperside of $ shows a lustrous brown with a small black cell end spot on fore wings, a narrow margin 
and brown fringes to all wings. Base of wings only faintly dusted with blue and the reddish submarginal spots 
