LYOAENA. By Chr. Bollow. 291 
and anal angle. — subpauper is the race from Cannes and the Champ de tir of Nimes, named by Verity, 
although only varying minutely from pauper Vrty. The GG have somewhat darker undersides and the $$ a 
rather poorer black ground colour with more extensive blue dusting, whilst pauper have a black-brown ground 
colour without blue dusting. — pauperella Sag. from Catalonia is just like the former, but slightly smaller. If 
both races prove to be identical, subpauperella would be a variation of the Spanish race. 
L. melanoposmater Vrty. from Aflou in Algeria is of poorer appearance to the two foregoing races. It 
is extremely thinly scaled, so that the black markings of underside are clearly reflected through on the very 
pale blue somewhat silvery upperside. Margin very narrowly grey-black. Blue basal dusting of $ more 
extensive than in paupera. Underside of both sexes darker with green metallic basal dusting; the bold large 
spots of underside remind one somewhat of melanops Bsd. (82 h). 
L. melanops Bsd. (Vol. 1, p. 320, pi. 82 h). This species only inclines slightly to the formation of races. 
Chiefly only the usual variations have come to notice. — ab. paucipuncta Gourv. with reduced number of ocelli 
on underside of wings. — subtus parlim-impunctata Oberth. has forewings with reduced ocelli, hindwings without 
any at all. — caeca Gourv. goes a step further in retrogression and shows all ocelli extinct. — ab. unipuncta Rbl. 
with a distinct basal eyespot on underside of forewings. — subtus-radiata Obertli. has arcuate eyespots of 
forewings diffusing widely in rays. — $ ab. caerulea Wgn. is dusted on upperside with blue like the G- —ab. 
wheeleri Gliapm. is a 9 with black spots on upperside like euphemus Hbn. (83 a). It was captured at Digne. — 
boursini Metzg. from Hyeres, Var, is a $ in which all the ocelli of underside are clearly marked on upperside, 
where they form black markings, that are slightly larger on fore wings than on hindwings. Some of the spots 
have a blue or pale halo and form similar ocelli to those of underside. — ab. ocellata Metzg. is a $ from Hyeres 
that has the marginal ocelli of underside similarly developed also on upperside. The black spots of the ocelli 
merge in the black margin and the entire margin appears as if decorated with white lunae. — 9 ab. medio- 
punctata Oberth. from Digne has a post-discal row of black spots lying internervally on upperside of hindwings 
and which run parallel to the outer margin. — alluaudi Oberth. from the High Atlas in Morocco differs by its 
considerable size and the wide black margin of the $ from the european races. The $ is quite black on upperside. 
Both sexes have the same dark grey underside. 
L. fascista Trti. from Derna in Cyrenaica is a $ which is closely related to melanops Bsd. and shows 
such immaterial differences according to the description and the black illustration that we must await the 
cajiture of a 3 by Mr. Georg Kruger in order to ascertain whether or not this is a genuine species. Underside 
is said to be dark brown like Z. galba Led. (77 k) and bears smaller ocelli. 
L. paphos Ghapm. is very close to L. charybdis Stgr. (82 b) and it is found on Cyprus. It is only small, 
on an average 28—30 mm. The G is dark blue on upperside with dark margin on all wings. In contrast to 
charybdis, it is not sharply outlined in paphos and diffuses along the veins. Markings of underside vary only 
little from charybdis. The ^ has a black upperside, sometimes having blue scales distributed on hindwings 
especially towards the hind margin. 
L. alcon Schiff. (Vol. 1, p. 320, pi. 83 a). — Dwarf specimens are named minor Gram, and specimens 
exceptionally having basal eyespots on underside, basinovopuncta Gourv. — caerulea Vorbr. are 9£ with blue 
scaled uppersides to wings, like GG- — G ab. latimargo Gourv. has very dark blue uppersides with black margin 
up to 2 mm breadth. — spormanni Pfait is a G of remarkable colour having ujiperside completely uniform grey, 
about like the colour of the underside of normal specimens. However in sunlight or artificial light the upperside 
iridesces a pale grey-green with reddish silky gloss. With the exception of the brown-grey marginal line anterior 
to the grey fringes, only a few isolated whitish blue scales at base of forewing interrupt the uniform grey. Body 
is grey on upperside and almost white underneath. Underside of wings normal, but ocelli are not black but 
brown-grey and with white ringlets. — subsp. haurii Fruhst. from Filisur in the Orisons at an altitude of 
1000—1100 m is larger in both sexes than any other known form. The G bas a wide black margin, the $ has a 
more sharply outlined, deeper blue and more intensively glossy basal spot than $9 from any other swiss or 
mid european locality. Underside is characterised by the small black submarginal spots which have unusually 
wide white ringlets. 
L. turatiana Vrty. (= italica Trti. & Vrty.) from the Apennines of Modena is a good sized race, of which 
the GG have an expanse of 27—36 mm and the $9 32—39 mm. Underside of both sexes smoky brown with 
larger ocelli than name form having pale surrounds. The G is azure blue on upperside with slight violet sheen 
somewhat like cyllarus. Costal area and veins are scaled silvery white. Discoidal lunule is sometimes absent. 
Margin is narrow, sharply outlined and running to a point at anal angle. Fringes are white instead of ash-grey. 
The $ resembles arion-obscura Christ. (83 c) by the development of its black spots and margin. —- tolistus 
Fruhst. occurs around Koricna in Bosnia. It is paler blue than GG from north Germany, without reddish tone 
subpauper. 
pauperella. 
melano- 
posmaler. _ 
melanops. 
pauci¬ 
puncta. 
subtus- 
partim- 
impunctata. 
caeca. 
unipuncta. 
subtus- 
radiata. 
caerulea. 
wheeleri. 
boursini. 
ocellata. 
medio- 
punctata. 
alluaudi. 
fascista. 
paphos. 
alcon. 
minor. 
basinovo¬ 
puncta. 
caerulea. 
latimargo. 
spormanni. 
haurii. 
turatiana- 
tolistus. 
