294 
LYCAENA. By Ohr. Bollow. 
radiata. two streaks with 2 arcuate ocelli. — radiata Gourv. (= striata Musch.) are specimens in which the conjunction 
of the arcuate eyespots with the marginal spots and also with the basal eyespots forms rays across the wings. 
digitata. This creates fine forms with are subdivided again into digitata Gourv. and extrema Gourv. according to the 
CX subUis degree mai> king. — A quite extreme form is su bias-ins punctata Oberth. from Vernet-les-Bains which is without 
impunrtata. all basal spots and median ocelli on underside. — subsp. eutyphron Fruhst. from Cornwall in England and 
eutyphron. occurring according to Oberthur also in Bretagne is a relatively small race. The CG are fairly pale and generally 
have only 4 unimportant spots on forewings. The $ is somewhat larger and has heavier black margins than the 
G. — The following variations described by Champion le Chamberlain from the Cotswold Hills appear to 
pallida, belong to eutyphron. — ab. pallida le Ghamb. is of pale and faded appearance in both sexes whilst cotswoldensis 
cotswolden- (Jhamb. has all wings densely sprinkled with black scales thereby having a dusky, melanic appearance 
marginata. similar to obscura Christ. (83 c). — ab. marginata le Ghamb. has a very wide black margin on all wings. — $ ab. 
pseudo- pseudoalcon le Ghamb. have uppersides without spots like unicolor Hormuz. (Vol. 1, p. 321). — ab. coalitica le 
alcon. (Jhamb. has underside poorer in spots than normal arion and some of the few spots left have merged. — ab. 
C multo- multo-maculata le Ghamb. has the same number of spots on upperside of hindwings as on forewings and whilst 
uMculata. these are smaller they are more or less distinct. — ab. occidentals le Ghamb. is a dwarf form, not much larger 
occidentalis. pp an avgas L. — nigricans Kitt is of normal size, exceedingly like obscura Christ. (83 c) it occurs in contrast to 
same on the plains and in the lower reaches of the mountains of the Tyrol and upper Austria and is widely 
distributed. In the $9 the blue dusting does not extend beyond the row of cuneiform marks and is still more 
reduced on hindwings. In the $ it is somewhat more extensive on fore wings, although it is sparse beyond the 
row of cuneiform marks and merging with the ground colour. There is therefore no distinctly outlined black 
margin. The black-brown spots are generally distinct. Underside does not vary from normal arion. — subsp. 
arcina, arcina Fruhst. is a transition form to ligurica Wgn. (Vol. 1, p. 321) and occurs around Eclepens in the Valais, 
Chiasso and Fontana in Tessin and around Geneva. The black discal spots are almost absent in <$, the $ has 
oval median maculae on a whitish ground. Underside fairly pale. 
laranda. L. laranda Fruhst. is a race from around the Clausen and Atzwang in S. Tyrol, it is larger than obscura 
Christ. (83 c) the lustrous blue upperside is usually extended up to the narrow sharply outlined margin and is 
a lighter and more intensive blue. Underside is characterised by the pale grey ground colour and bold black 
magnifica. spots, especially in the discal area of the forewing. — The variations major Oberth. in the $ and magnifica 
Heydem. belong to the previous race. The latter has very large JG with deep blue uppersides and a 5 mm wide 
diffuse margin with which the snow white fringes contrast sharply. The black longitudinal marks are like those 
of fasciata Skala , but they do not form such pronounced bands. On hindwings there is also a discoidal lunule 
and 3—4 deep black spots which correspond to the ocelli of underside. The latter is of darker ground colour 
insubrica. than avion, somewhat brownish and has all ocelli of large formation and marginal spots double. — insubrica 
Vorbr. from the Val Vedro, Misox, Fontana on the Monte Generoso is the counterpart to obscura Christ. (83 c) 
being as large as the largest jolas 0. with very wide and deep velvety black margins; only the discal area retains 
a very glossy blue. Spots of forewings are extended forming long streaks. Ground colour of underside varies 
between dark smoky grey to yellowish. Wings are lightly dusted with pale green-blue at base, all ocelli are 
delphinatus. very prominent. — subsp. delphinatus Fruhst. from the Dauphine between La Grave and the Col de Lautaret 
has very small CG which are smaller than the alpine obscura Christ. Upperside reminds one very much of alcon 
Schiff. (83 a) especially as the heavy black spot marking of obscura is absent. Underside uniform and darker 
vesubia. grey than the latter. Also the $$ are small and remind one hereby also of the race of alcon. — The race vesubia 
Fruhst. from St. Martin-Vesubie in the Maritime Alps is common there in June/July. The CG are beautiful 
deep blue and richly marked with black; in many respects they remind one of ligurica Wgn. (Vol. 1, p. 321) and 
caerules- they are quite different from specimens taken around Digne. As a variety belonging here $ ab. caerulescens 
cens • Oberth. from Larche with blue dusted base to wings, which especially on hindwings extends to anal angle. - 
vernetensis. vernetensis Oberth. from Vernet-les-Bains in the Pyrenees is the race joining ligurica Wgn. and the french arion, 
aglaophon. which may unite with aglaophon Fruhst. This is a splendid large race with extensive black spot-marking, even 
tainaron. on hindwings. Under side is light silvery blue. — subsp. tainaron Fruhst. from the Valais, Val Entremonts, 
southern slopes of the Simplon territory near Iselle, Bazano in the Val Antigoria is the transition from avion 
of the warm valleys to arion-obscura Christ, from high altitudes of 1400 to 2200 m and over. The $ strikes one 
by its beautiful glossy dark and yet brilliant blue. Forewings with bold discal spots, which even surpass those 
of laranda Fruhst. in size. They seldom merge with outer margin and stand isolated in the blue surface. Ground 
colour of underside bright yellowish grey, greenish suffusion at base like in laranda, spot marking heavier 
than in obscura Christ. 
auslralpina. The Sibillini mountains in the province of Marche are the home of the race australpirsa Vrty. which 
occurs at an altitude of abt 1200 m and closely resembles punctifera Grund from Agram. It is of smaller size 
and all spot markings are of smaller dimensions. The blue colour seems a shade darker, more intermixed with 
black scales and margin is wider. Underside also shows a somewhat darker ground colour. —- Fruhstorfer 
describes from the Monti Aurunci and the Valle dell Petralla at an altitude of 1200 m a further race namely 
