HESPERIDAE; LOBOCLA; CELAENORRHINUS; SATARUPA. By M. Gaede. 
307 
Grypocera, 1. Family: Hesperidae. 
Since the Publication of the 1st Volume quite considerable progress has been made in the knowledge 
of this family through examination of the genitals. In the extraordinary similitude of the species, formerly 
even relatively widely distributed species have been completely overlooked or deemed to be sub-forms of others. 
It has been necessary to alter somewhat the sequence of the species, for instance in the Genus Hesperia, in order 
to achieve uniformity with more recent opinions. As even the best illustrations (for which in the case of 
Hesperidae enlarged photographs can be accepted) do not suffice entirely we have given particulars of the 
differences where it seemed necessary so as to facilitate diagnosis of the species from closely allied species. 
5. Genus: I<ol>ocla Mr. 
L. bifasciatus Brem. (Vol. 1, p. 332, pi. 89 b). — contractus Leech (16 i) is more grey, the spots of the bifasciatus. 
discal band are narrower and shaped differently, those at the apex often minute. West China. 
L. simplex Leech (Vol. 1, p. 332, pi. 84 b). gener Oberth. is identical with same. simplex. 
L. frater Oberth. (16 h i and Vol. 9, pi. 163 d) is very similar to simplex but all the spots are smaller frater. 
and instead there is a submarginal streak behind the cell. On underside of hindwings the light coloured bands 
are more extensive than in bifasciatus. Yunnan; not yet discovered in palaearctic territory. 
6. Genus: Celaeiiorrliinus Him. 
A few synonyms must be enumerated: lucifera Leech is identical with pulomayo Mr., (Vol. 1, pi. 84 c) 
pyrrha Nic. with sumitra Mr. (Vol. 1, pi. 84 d) and munda Mr. with leucocera Roll. 
C. asmara Btlr. (Vol. 1, p. 333, pi. 84 e). — goto Mob. is similar to ruficornis Mab. (Vol. 9, p. 1037) asmara. 
from Java. Forewings black. There are 3 hyaline spots at apex and a short wide band which does not reach rjoio ~ 
to the costa, consisting of 3 spots of which the middle one projects outwardly. Hindwings without spots, 
brownish at base. On underside 2 yellow spots on costa before the white band. Japan. According to Elwes 
goto can scarcely be differentiated from asmara which also occurs in southern India and the Malayan Archipelago. 
C. tibetana Mab. (Vol. 1, p. 333, pi. 84 e). — latifascia Mab. & Boul. differs solely by its somewhat tibetana. 
longer white band which is j/jjrd wider. Thibet, Yunnan. latifasem. 
7. Genus: Satarupa Mr. 
S. gopala Mr. This species is dealt with in Vol. 9, p. 1033 and illustrated on pi. 163 cl. Compared with gopala. 
nymphalis (Vol. 1, pi. 84 cl) it has a wider white band on hindwings and abdomen. As the species also occurs 
in S. Sikkim and perhaps reaches palaearctic territory it is mentioned here. — khamensis Alph. Very similar khamensis. 
to nymphalis Spr. (Vol. 1, p. 334, pi. 84 cl) but larger. The white spots on forewings are bolder, the white band 
on hindwings wider especially in the $, also margin has more prominent white checking. It is not mentioned 
whether the similarity with nymphalis also includes the black abdomen. Kham. — sugitanii Mats, can scarcely sugitdnii. 
be a separate species. According to the illustration the difference as compared with nymphalis consists of a 
larger cell spot on forewings. On hindwings the discal band is somewhat wider outwardly below the cell. Corea. 
S. valentini Oberth. is smaller than nymphalis (Vol. 1, pi. 84 cl). Abdomen grey-white. The hyaline valentini. 
spots on forewings are very small and the anal angle of hindwings is whitish. Siao-lu. 
