88 
CAR SI A. By L. B. Prout. 
obsitaria. 
evanescens. 
anatolica. 
opificata. 
kawrigini. 
afjinis. 
sororiata. 
octosignata. 
imbutata. 
conflua. 
extensa. 
brunneofas- 
ciata. 
obsoleta. 
anglica. 
True fraternata, which remains very rare, has the lines less strongly dentate than in obsitaria , and with some 
differences in their course, particularly as regards the postmedian: in fraternata its 1st projection (subcostal) 
is angular, approximately a right-angle, its 2nd projection less definitely bilobed than in obsitaria and not 
approaching nearer to the termen than its 1st; in obsitaria the 1st projection is blunt, the 2nd markedly 
bilobed and always approaching nearer to the termen than the 1st. The valve has a “very long, very striking 
thorn at the anal end"’ which is wanting in obsitaria. 
A. obsitaria Led. (Vol. 4, pi. 11c, as obritaria). For the differentiation of fraternata see above. The 
present species, of which Wehrli studied a strongly marked form from Mardin, Hadjin and Malatia, which 
he considers to represent, at least very nearly, the Diarbekir type, shows some geographical variation. — eva¬ 
nescens Wehrli (9 b), representing the preponderant part of the Marash obsitaria, is somewhat smaller, the 
colour paler, the markings much weaker. — anatolica Wehrli (= fraternata F. Wagn., nec H.-Sch.) (9 c) has 
the average size still further reduced and is lighter (whitish) lead-grey, less yellowish or brownish, weakly 
marked, the bands likewise more grey; a good deal like fraternata in coloration, but agreeing with obsitaria 
in the course of the markings and in the genitalia. Akschehir, Interior Anatolia. 
A. opificata Led. The two originals, according to F. Wagner and Wehrli, are decidedly dissimilar, 
though both are JU, the larger and darker being Lederer's type <$, the other his “type $” ! It is still somewhat 
uncertain whether both represent the same species and we must await a more thorough study of the genitalia 
and the variation. In any case Wagner has correctly restricted Lederer's name to the large dark specimen. 
- f. (% sp. div.) kawrigini Christ. (Vol. 4, pi. 11 b, as opificata) is therefore the correct name for the commoner 
form, which usually passes as opificata. Christoph’s type was from Kasikoporan. 
A. affinis Warr. (Vol. 4, pi. 6 k, 11 c). Further material has come to hand from W. China and Upper 
Burma, but the suspicion expressed in Vol. 4 (p. 178), that the reputed occurrence of this species and pudicata 
in Japan was erroneous, may now be considered a certainty. It has been learned, as I have frequently had 
occasion to point out, that numerous specimens from W. China were labelled “Japan” in the earliest days 
of the Tring Museum. 
21. Genus: Carsia Him. 
(See Vol. 4, p. 179.) 
C. sororiata Him. (= paludata Thnbg., nec L., pruinaria Ev.) (Vol. 4, pi. 6 g). It was overlooked that 
the name paludata Thnbg., founded on Swedish material, was a homonym and that we are therefore left in 
the unfortunate position of having, for the type of this race, Hubner's very unsatisfactory figure 355, without 
ascertainable locality. Fortunately the ground-colour and the position of the markings leave no doubt of its 
identity, though it is too large and relatively too long-winged, etc. It shows remains of the brown suffusions 
on the forewing and is less dark grey than ab. obscurata. — ab. octosignata Strand, described on a pair from 
Overhalden (Norway), has the 2 bands of the median area of the forewing confluent for a short distance behind 
the middle, giving them a remotely 8-shape or x-shape, as in our figure of imbutata (Vo). 4, pi. 6 g). Perhaps 
the name ought to be signata , as Strand wrote “8 -signata” , which is no more a name than “ *-signata ” would 
be. In any case, “nom. coll, tangens” would have met the need. — imbutata Hbn. (Vol. 4, p. 179) certainly 
extends rather far north in Scandinavia; I have it before me, rather small but otherwise typical or somewhat 
like anglica, not only from Trondhjem but also from the Lofoten Islands, and Stichel has even doubted whe¬ 
ther Schoyen's obscurata (see above) was anything but a synonym of the extreme northern race, arising from 
a misidentification of imbutata as paludata; according to Orstadius, however, both the races occur together 
in one locality (Pajala). A remarkable recoid was communicated to me by Dr. Wehrli a fe‘w years ago: 
Monsieur S. Lavallee, of Paris, took at Segrez (40 km S. of Paris), in 1894, when he was quite a young 
collector, a single specimen, but has never seen it there since; and as lie knows of no Vaccinium vitis-idaea 
in the neighbourhood he thinks it was perhaps an accidental occurrence. Hannemann, who has observed 
imbutata in profusion in the Harz Mountains, has never known it to fly voluntarily by day, though it may 
easily be disturbed. — ab. conflua Hannemann has the two bands of the median area coalesced from the middle 
hindwards, a more extreme development of the “ octosignata ” form which we figured as imbutata. — ab. extensa 
Hannemann (9 c) shows the opposite extreme, the two bands widely sundered by pale central area; its highest 
development seems to be in the of which we figure a broad-winged example. The types of this and ab. con¬ 
flua came from the Harz. — ab. brunneofasciata Hannemann has a complete (single) red-brown median band 
instead of the two bands of the forewing. Type $ from Braunlage, Oberharz; known also in the English race. 
ab. obsoleta W. Brandt, also $ (from Amata, Latvia) is a pretty subaberration, with all secondary lines 
wanting, the slender subbasal and rather narrow ante- and postmedian strongly developed. — anglica subsp. 
nov. (9 c) is our small, sharply dark-marked British race of imbutata; the bands of the central area are very 
generally broad and thus produce a good percentage of “ octosignata. ” and “ conflua ” forms. 
