co nf asa. 
epirotis. 
mnkikonis. 
grisearia. 
euthy gram¬ 
ma. 
asiaiica. 
diacena. 
92 LEPTOSTEGNA; MICROLOBA; BRABIRA. By L. B. Prout. 
H.confusa Wileman (= confusella Strand) (Vol. 4.pi. lid). In the description of the divergent venation 
of the hindwing (see Vol. 4, p. 188) — which perhaps gives confusa a better claim than fusca to be placed in 
a separate section — mention should have been made of the 3rd discocellular, which here runs out very obli¬ 
quely from the cell-fold, so that an exaggerated development of the form usually described as “discocellulars 
biangulate" is produced. Strand has given a new name to our figure because it does not agree altogether with 
our description nor with Wileman’s (poor) figure of his type. There is a little individual variability, but I 
see no ground for treating confusella as an aberration capable of differentiation, let alone of a species. - 
epirotis subsp. nov. (9c). It must before now have become well-known to students of the Ussuri Geometridae, 
that the Lygranoa recorded from there — or at least the majority of them — are not fusca (as given by Stau- 
dinger, copied by me in Vol. 4, p. 188) but a form of confusa. All the Ussuri examples which I have seen, 
however (Chabarovsk, Narva, Russ Island, etc.) show a racial distinction in being smaller — 23—24 mm against 
the 28 mm rightly given by Wileman as the average for confusa — , somewhat paler and commonly with 
the costal marks small. Ussuri and Corea, the type from Narva (Kardakoff collection) in the British 
Museum. - punkikonis Strand , though erected as confusa ab., is probably some different species, possibly a 
Formosan $ form of fusca sinearia (“Punkiko, Japan", the given locality, was, as the late Mr. Wileman in¬ 
formed me, an error in the Sauter collection for “Punkio, Formosa - '). Length of a forewing 17 mm (i. e., 
about as large as pallescens) and said to differ further from confusa, in that the postmedian is continued on the 
hindwing, though in part very weak, and that the underside has cell-mark and postmedian on each wing. 
H. grisearia Leech (Vol. 4, pi. 11 d). The $ is still unknown to me, unless grisearia be a $-f. of sinu- 
osaria ; notwithstanding the difference in the antemedian, the close relationship can scarcely be doubted. 
C. Section Ortholithoidea: Hindwing with discocellulars biangulate, 2nd radial arising near the 3rd and 
from an acute outward projection, 1st median long-stalked. 
H. euthygramma Wehrli (9 e). Quite distinct from the rest of the genus in the lack of the usual coital 
spots; lines of the forewing very straight. Underside yellowish, forewdng with costa ochre-yellow, basal part, 
as far as the slender grey postmedian, with smoky suffusion, cell-dot and terminal line stronger than above, 
hindwing marked as above. Antenna of bipectinata. Kunkala-shan. 
33. Genus: I^eptostegna Christ. 
(See Vol. 4, p. 189.) 
The description of the peculiar venation (costal separate from the cell, connected beyond the middle 
by an oblique,bar, etc.) refers of course to the hindwing, though it was misprinted (in the German edition 
only) “Vflgl." It applies to both sexes and to both the species (or races); I have not found it in any of 
the allied genera. The statement that the areole is single, made by Christoph in founding the genus, re¬ 
peated by Meyrick in 1892 and by me in 1914, was challenged by Sterneck (Iris, Vol. 42, p. 144), who 
found it “always double". This led me to reopen the question and I found that though the single example 
which I possessed when describing Leptostegna (a <$ from Japan) had it undivided, only one other specimen 
which I could examine (Yezo) agreed therewith; all the rest of the tenerata, with all the known asiatica, 
had it divided. 
L. asiatica Wan. (9 e) The W. Chinese form, a specimen of which we now figure, may differ racially 
from the Himalayan type, but I have found no definite distinction. Sterneck considers it a race of tenerata 
(Vol. 4, pi. 6 c). 
35. Genus: Hicroloba Hmps. 
(See Vol. 4, p. 189.) 
M. bella Btlr. diacena Prout (9 f). Distinguishable from the eastern bella = eburneata (Japan, Corea 
and E. Siberia) by the entire, or almost entire, suppression of the dark markings of the central of both wings, 
leaving only the costal markings of the forewing, cell-spots and terminal patches of both wings and subbasal 
mark of hindwing. Described from Upper Burma, frequent also in W. China. A very occasional aberration 
in Japan resembles it, but there can be no question of its essential validity. 
36. Genus: ISrabira Moore. 
(See Vol. 4, p. 189.) 
Several species are now known, ranging from India to Fiji and showing some interesting structural 
modifications in the <$\ but the genus is evidently only a straggler into the Palaearctic Region and there is 
little new to record here. 
ariemidora. B. artemidora Oberth. (Vol. 4, pi. 6 c). Matsumura records this form from S. Saghalien (Ichinosawa 
pallida, and Sakayehama). — pallida Moore, so far as at present tested, is not actually a synonym (as given in Vol. 4 
