Publ. 24. II. 1937. 
0P0RIN1A. By L. B. Prout. 
97 
to Salix caprea. A further differentiation from dilutata has recently been made by Harrison, namely that 
the chromosome number is 31, while in dilutata it is 30. — ab. latifasciata Prout (= bellieri Gulot) (9 h). Culot latifasciata. 
has renamed this handsome aberration, giving a good figure of a Paris specimen. — ab. rittichi Dioszheghy, rittichi. 
as “ autumnata ab.”, is almost certainly, according to the figure and description, nothing but a not very intense- 
banded specimen of ab. latifasciata. The supposed race of autumnata from the Retyezat Mountains, among 
which this specimen occurred, was distinguished as “silver-white, somewhat greenish, with grey or brown- 
grey irroration and markings, the size “27— 36 mm”, the flight-time 20 September- 1 1 October, which quite 
evidently denotes christyi. — ab. intermedia Heydem. is more variegated than the type, with distinct grey intermedia. 
bands on a white-grey ground-colour. — - ab. nigra Harrison is a wholly black form, occurring locally in the nigra. 
north of England, not yet detected elsewhere. — ab. clara Harrison. Third and fourth bands (those of the clara. 
median area) obsolete, the area between the second and fifth grey, lightly sprinkled with black; analogous to 
dilutata ab. fimbriata. Devil's Water, Northumberland. — ab. coarctata Harrison. Median area narrowed by coardata. 
the approximation of its two bands; analogous to dilutata ab. coarctata. 
0. autumnata Blch. (Vol. 4, pi. 9 f). Further morphological distinctions, as compared with dilutata autumnata. 
and christyi, are in the number of chromosomes (30 in dilutata , 31 in christyi, 37—42 in autumnata ) and in 
the pupal cremaster, which is here differently shaped and with the pair of terminal spikes larger and longer 
than in them. — ab. latifasciata Vorbrodt (= latifaciata Nordstrom). This name has been repeatedly given latifasciata. 
to the banded form which corresponds to dilutata ab. latifasciata. Vorbrodt described from Basle. Harrison’s 
heredity experiments have shown that the inheritance in this form is on a sex-linked basis exactly the same 
as in the well-known case of Abraxas grossulariata ab. doihrni ( = lacticolor) (see his full account in Jorum. 
Genet., Vol. 10). — ab. schimae Schawerda is more variegated than latifasciata, the dark median band con- schimae. 
taining a pale patch proximal to the cell-dot, while the presubterminal band is sharply blackened. 2 $$ bred 
from Bewawinkel, Lower Austria. — ab. coarctata Nordstrom has the median area of the forewing narrowed coardata. 
by the approximation of the ante- and postmedian groups of lines; analogous to dilutata ab. coarctata. Des¬ 
cribed from Sweden. — ab. undulata Nordstrom, founded on a from Saxvallen, Jemtland, has all the brown- undulata. 
grey lines about equidistant and of about equal intensity, on a white-grey ground-colour. — ab. similis Harri- similis. 
son. Glossy, light grey-brown, remarkable in that the first postmedian line strongly inclines to the form of 
that of dilutata; the genitalia and early stages leave no doubt as to the determination. — ab. lofthousei Harrison lofthousei. 
is a very different melanic form from the previously known black aberration of the pinewoods [schneideri 
Lampa or melana Clark, Vol. 4, p. 196), “clear silky chocolate brown, unicolorous save for a white subterminal 
line”. Both sexes obtained in a birchwood in Ivildale (Yorkshire). — ab. albilineata Harrison. Blackish, with albilineata. 
rather prominent, clear white subterminal line. — ab. nigerrima Harrison. Jet black, with no markings, nigerrima. 
“Behaves as a Mendelian recessive, therefore to be kept carefully distinct from extreme (nearly black) schnei¬ 
deri forms, in which the melanism is more or less dominant. — f. (microgene) alticolaria Harrison was defined alticolaria. 
as brown, but grey-mixed, markings more delicate than in f. autumnata, but still firm; central area very broad, 
duller; larger and the $$ in proportion larger still. Time of appearance 23 September—23 October. Egg more 
purple, longer and narrower, etc. Larva very bright green; newly hatched larva a little longer. Genitalia with 
octavals larger; labides heads narrow. — f. (microgene) pinivoraria Harrison. “Males always suffused and pinivoraria. 
feebly marked; females very small, generally well marked; when melanic, blue-black.” Egg smaller and not 
so pink. Larva green, but may have rusty markings to mimic pine buds (not purple like dilutata). Imago in 
the latter half of September. — hybr. rungei Harrison (autumnata x dilutata $), the reciprocal cross to rungei. 
hybr. robsoni, showed very different results; except for the absence of the white V-mark, so prominent in the 
latter, they might have passed for suffused, blurred-marked autumnata. Buckstone, who bred rungei to the 
third generation also remarked on their general approach to autumnata , especially in the third generation. 
Harrison records once breeding this hybrid (tested by wing-markings and genitalia) from a wild larva beaten 
from oak in Styford Wood, Northumberland. 
0. filigrammaria H.-Sch. (9 e) which was treated in Vol. 4 (p. 196) as if it were a form of autumnata, fuigramma- 
is now widely recognized as a separate species. The chromosome number is 37, but as this varies in the dif- re¬ 
ferent “microgenes“ of autumnata from 37 to 42 there is nothing decisive in this. The genitalia, on the other 
hand, are distinguishable, though closely similar; the “cristae hairs” are more numerous in filigrammaria 
(10 — 16, not about 7 as given by Pierce) the depression between the octavals perhaps a little deeper, the 
signa of the $ distinctly larger. The pupa is also distinguishable: last segment distinctly longer than in autum¬ 
nata, its lateral margins less rounded, cremaster slightly narrower and with weaker hooks, dorsal groove show¬ 
ing more approach to dilutata and christyi than does that of autumnata. filigrammaria is still not definitely 
known to occur outside the British Isles. — ab. intermedia Harrison corresponds to the intermedia form of intermedia, 
autumnata. — ab. distincta Harrison is dark, with the pattern more or less obscured, corresponding to autum- distincta. 
nata ab. schneideri. — ab. melana Harrison has the melanic tendency intensified, the markings almost sup- melana. 
pressed. — ab. latifasciata Harrison corresponds to the like-named form in the rest of the group; but in the latifasciata. 
present species it is much more prevalent than in any of them. — ab. coarctata Harrison has the 3rd and 4th coardata. 
Supplementary Volume 4 13 
