16G 
CIDARIA. By L. B. Prottt. 
prouti. 
inconspi- 
cuaria. 
affinitata. 
rivinata. 
indistincta. 
effusa. 
jenischi. 
alchemillata. 
indistincta. 
interrupts. 
unicolorata. 
mokrzeclcii. 
fennica. 
liydrata. 
indistincta. 
clarior. 
line; median band weak, only formed by dusky vein-streaks and dots on a white ground (strongest in anterior 
half), the boundary lines remaining clear white; cell-dot very large, black; distal area black, the subterminal 
indicated by white vein-dots. Hindwing white, with distinct cell-dot and grey basal and terminal bands, darkest 
at anal angle. On both wings the outer band is strongly dark, with the white subterminal dots much more sharply 
expressed than above. W. China: Wasseku, 3 
C. prouti Schawerda. Palpus moderate or longisli, heavily scaled. Antennal ciliation minute. Forewing 
with the proximal areole not very large; 1st radial well stalked with subcostals 3 to 5. Hindwing with the disco- 
cellulars well biangulate. Quite definitely a Perizoma. as Dr. Schawerda at first assumed; I cannot under¬ 
stand my former suggestion (formed from a good photograph) that it might be related to the Indian Piercia 
imbrata. Forewing slightly paler than in alchemillata but not so grey as in liydrata, cell-dot strong, the markings 
shaped somewhat as in flavofasciata, but with a white subterminal (not terminal) spot behind the 3rd 
radial; fringe chequered. Beneath, the forewing is very weakly marked, only with a pale apical spot; the hind¬ 
wing lighter, with well-expressed cell-spot and three lines beyond. Ta-tsien-lu, the type <$ unique. 
C. inconspicuaria Leech (Vol. 4, pi. 7 h) is less broad-winged than prouti, duller, the white markings less 
strong and clean, the postmedian differently formed, but I think there may be some real relationship. Ta-tsien-lu 
remains the only known locality for both. 
C. affinitata Steph. (Vol. 4, pi. 10 f). Osthelder has some interesting notes on the distribution of this 
and its race (? incipient species) rivinata. He refers all the S. Bavarian forms to rivinata, affinitata belonging 
chiefly to the Central and North European mountains; in Bavaria already in the deepest valleys, moderately 
variable in size and in the development of the white markings. Unfortunately he creates considerable confusion 
by making no nomenclatorial distinction between geographical and non-geographical forms, loosely giving all 
as “var.” or “mod.'' — rivinata Fisch.-Rossi. (Vol. 4, pi. 10 f). Osthelder, who correctly diagnoses this as 
having “broader white bands on the forewing, the hindwing lightened with whitish " and adds that it is generally 
larger, notes that even the darkest South Bavarian specimens have much broader white bands on the forewing 
than the name-typical race and even mostly a quite copious sprinkling of whitish, on the hindwing always 
some whitening, though of varying extent. But already in Central and Northern Bavaria one finds the forms 
smaller and darker. — ab. indistincta Osthelder (16 b) has unicolorous washed-out (blurred) dark markings and 
unmarked white “antemedian" (postmedian) white band. 1 $ from Mangfalltal, S. Bavaria. I figure one from 
Carniola which I assume represents it. — ab. effusa C. Schneid. has the dark colour of the distal area dif¬ 
fused into the distal half of the white postmedian band, giving some hint of the evolution of the following curi¬ 
ous aberration. Type from Tubingen. — ab. jenischi C. Schneid. Forewing to just beyond the middle white- 
grey strigulated with blackish, the rest forming a much broadened black distal band with the white subterminal 
indicated. The hindwing shows roughly the same style of modification. Winkelsdorf, N. Moravia. 
C. alchemillata L. (Vol. 4, pi. 10 f). Boldt notes that the larva is occasionally found feeding on Stachys 
sylvatica when this is growing among patches of Galeopsis tetrahit, but that large unmixed growths of Stachys 
are devoid of it. — ab. indistincta Wehrli. White postmedian band of forewing not divided by a dark line, its 
distal boundary not sharply defined but diffused with the broad dark distal area. Founded on a Vienna specimen. 
- ab. interrupta Boldt. White postmedian band of forewing interrupted by the central projection of the ground¬ 
colour. Quite frequent; it is estimated that ca. 30 per cent, of Taunus specimens are of this form. — ab. uni¬ 
colorata E. Lange is almost melanic, the forewing almost uniformly dark, retaining only the costal commence¬ 
ment of a whitish subterminal line. Bred from Bienenmuhle, Freiberg district. — ab. mokrzeckii Pruffer. founded 
on 3 BS from Wilno, is diagnosed as having the forewing reddish-black, the base lighter, uniform; median area 
uniform reddish-black, no definite demarcation between this and basal area; postmedian white band simple, 
narrow, its dividing-line wanting; distal area uniform reddish-black, the subterminal line not clearly defined. 
I suspect that this is an over-elaborated account of ab. indistincta (which would antedate it by 8 years), or some¬ 
thing very similar. 
C. fennica Reuter. On re-considering the published evidence regarding this enigmatical “species”, I 
can see no reason whatever why it also should not be one of the “ indistincta” forms of alchemillata. If so, fennica 
would be the oldest name for that type of variation. Are the originals extant? If so, a report on them from a 
more competent lepidopterist than Gumppenberg would be very welcome. 
C. hydrata Tr. (Vol. 4, pi. 10 g). A misprint in the German edition (p. 261), “die Rp. uberwintert“, is 
to be corrected. The life-cycle is as in the allies. — ab. indistincta Wehrli exactly corresponds to the like-named 
form of alchemillata , the simultaneous publication of the two having inspired Osthelder to adopt the name 
as a “nomen collectivum” for this phase of variation. 2 $$ from Zermatt. — clarior Schawerda, from the moun¬ 
tains of Corsica, is much larger than the name-type, and is not brownish but clear light-grey; inner half of 
