COMPOSITION OF THE OIL-FIELD WATERS. 77 
Table 11. —Analyses of mixed meteoric and connate water altered by action of oil , from 
wells in the Midway and Sunset oil fields, Cal. 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
PROPERTIES OF REACTION IN 
PER CENT. 
Primary salinitv. 
64.0 
62.6 
76.0 
77.2 
69.0 
82.0 
74.2 
Secondary salinity. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primary alkalinitv. 
33.2 
35.4 
20.2 
21.6 
29.2 
13.8 
23.0 
Secondary alkalinity. 
2.8 
2.0 
3.8 
1.2 
1.8 
4.2 
2.8 
Per cent of rS 04 in rS 04 +rCl... 
t 
Trace. 
.2 
.01 
.01 
.1 
Trace. 
.4 
CONSTITUENTS IN PARTS PER 
MILLION. 
Sodium (Na). 
1 Q 091 
/ 3,627 
a 3,595 
a 5,933 
4,188 
1 q Ary 7 
/ 3,649 
Potassium (K). 
30 
52 
1 4 61 
24 
Calcium (Cal.. 
37 
41 
50 
29 
31 
163 
l 
57 
Magnesium (Mg). 
41 
17 
48 
21 
21 
94 
23 
Iron (Fe). 
Trace. 
.3 
} 6 1.7 
/. 
Trace. 
.3 
Aluminum (Al). 
6. 6 
5.2 
4.5 
Sulphate (SO 4 ). 
1 
14 
3.2 
6 
11 
3 
27 
Chloride (Cl). 
3,977 
3,608 
4,370 
7,125 
4,593 
11,123 
4,364 
Carbonate (CO3). 
0 
0 
cl,172 
cl,784 
108 
0 
0 
Riearbonate CHCOO. 
3,855 
3,793 
3,477 
4,270 
2,818 
Silica (SiOj).'.!. 
136 
122 
47 
117 
125 
108 
98 
10,011 
9,333.9 
9,286.9 
15,015 
10,846.2 
22,031 
9,633.8 
REACTING VALUES IN PER CENT. 
Alkalies: 
Sodium (rNa). 
Potassium frK'l. 
) 48.6 
/ 48.8 
1 .2 
a 48.1 
0 49.4 
48.8 
.3 
} 47.9 
/ 48.4 
1 .2 
Alkaline earths: 
Calcium (rCa). 
.5 
.6 
.8 
.3 
.4 
1.1 
.8 
Magnesium (rMg). 
.9 
.4 
1.1 
.3 
.5 
1.0 
.6 
Strong acids: 
Sulphate (rSOD. 
Trace. 
.1 
Trace. 
Trace. 
.1 
Trace. 
.2 
Chloride (rCl). 
32.0 
31.2 
38.0 
38.6 
34.4 
41.0 
36.9 
Weak acids: 
Carbonate (rC 03 ). 
0 
0 
c 12.0 
c 11.4 
.9 
0 
0 
Bicarbonate (rHCOj). 
18.0 
18.7 
14.6 
9.0 
12.9 
a Reported and calculated as sodium but includes potassium. 
b F62O3+AI2O3. 
c Reported and calculated as carbonate but probably in part bicarbonate. 
Midway field: 
67. General Petroleum Co. water well 2, sec. 15, T. 32 S., R. 23 E. Water from 1,765 to 1,820 feet, or 
about 150 feet below the oil. Temperature, 102° F. Sampled by G. S. Rogers, July, 1914. 
Analyst, S. C. Dinsmore. 
68. Crescius Oil Co. water well 6, sec. 25, T. 32 S., R. 23 E. Water from 1,460 feet, or about 50 feet 
below the oil. Temperature, 97° F. Sampled by G. S. Rogers, June, 1914. Analyst, S. C. 
Dinsmore. 
69. Standard Oil Co. well 3, sec. 24, T. 32 S., R. 23 E. Water from 1,505 feet, or below tar sand and 
above oil sand. Temperature, 96° to 103° F. Analyst, Standard Oil Co., April, 1909. 
70. Standard Oil Co. well 2, sec. 14, T. 32 S., R. 23 E. Water from 2.000 feet below a show of gas but 
about 700 feet above the oil. Analyst, Standard Oil Co., July, 1909. 
71. August Water Co. well 3, sec. 31, T. 32 S., R. 24 E. Water from sands between 1,334 and 1,609 
feet, or below the oil. Temperature, 109° F. Sampled by G. S. Rogers, July, 1914. Analyst, 
S. C. Dinsmore. 
Sunset field* 
72. Sunset Monarch Oil Co. well F, sec. 26, T. 12 N., R. 24 W. Flowing water from 2,540 to 2,560 feet, 
or about 125 feet below top oil sand. Temperature, 93° F. Sampled by G. S. Rogers, July, 
1914. Analyst, S. C. Dinsmore. 
73. Good Roads Oil Co. well 14. sec. 12, T. 11 N.. R. 24 W. Flowing water from 3,550 feet, or about 
2,500 feet below the oil. Temperature. 104° F. Sampled by G. S. Rogers, July, 1914. Analyst, 
S. C. Dinsmore. 
RELATIONS OF THE TYPES. 
Reference has already been made to figure 4, in which are shown 
the broader relations of the several types of water discussed above. 
The chief factors determining the character of the oil-field waters are 
the amount of alteration by the hydrocarbons that they have under¬ 
gone and the proportions in which connate and meteoric waters have 
