RHYACIA. By W. Warren. 
55 
R. pronuba L. (Vol. 3, pi. 9 e). Forewing pale grey (typical), or ochreous, or reddish brown, or dark pronuba. 
brown, often with dark and light mottlings, and with a pale costal streak; stigmata also variable; reniform 
with lower lobe generally dark; a double black spot on costa before submarginal line; hindwing orange, with 
a submarginal black band; shoulders and tegulae frequently not concolorous with forewings. Like the last 
this common palaearctic insect is also found in the Punjab, India. — In the ab. innuba Tr. (Vol. 3, pi. 9 ) the innuba. 
whole forewing and body are dark brown without markings; — ab, hoegii H.-Sch. is small, and the hindwing hoegii. 
shows a black discal spot; all the specimens of this form were bred, so that it may have been the result of hy¬ 
bridisation; ab. connuba Him. (Vol. 3, pi. 9 e) is a dwarf form, with the markings indistinct and the hind- eonnuba. 
wing paler yellow. Larva dirty ochreous with the lines pale, and a series of oblique black streaks on each side; 
on all low plants. (Besides the above-mentioned forms Tutt has proposed names for several mere colour varieties, 
such as ochrea, rufa, brunnea, coerulescens, together with sub varietal names, based on the presence or absence 
of a pale costal streak and dark interspaces in the cell of forewing.) 
R. triangularis Moore (7 c $ cf. Vol. 3 pi. 9 f). Forewing deep purplish black brown; costal streak triangularis. 
rufous ochreous; orbicular stigma triangular, rufous ochreous, merged with the costal streak; reniform with 
inner edge ochreous; a velvety brown black blotch at base below median vein; a black costal bar before submar¬ 
ginal line, which, like the outer, is indistinctly marked, dark brown faintly edged with paler; hindwing brownish 
fuscous; tegulae velvety brown black, with the base rufous edged with white; along with the typical dark form 
with rufous ochreous costal streak there is found, but less commonly, an ab. albicosta ab. nov. (7 c) with that albicosta. 
streak ochreous white while, the ab. rufata ab. nov. (7 d) has the ground colour uniform pale redbrown, with rufata. 
no purplish black suffusion, the blotch at base of submedian interval and the praeapical costal bar only show¬ 
ing black. Described by Moore from Sikkim, N. India, occurring also in Bhutan, and widely spread in the 
Eastern parts of the palaearctic region, Kashmir, Tibet, Turkestan, Amurland, and Japan. Considerably larger 
than the two following species. 
R. stentzi Led. (Vol. 3, pi. 9 f). Forewing grey brown with a vinous tint and purplish fuscous suffusion stentzi. 
towards base; costal streak, as far as outer line, broadly cream colour; the cell, a triangular blotch on costa before 
apex, and another at base of submedian fold black; stigmata grey with pale outline; the orbicular semicircular, 
dependent from costal streak, claviform darker, edged with black; hindwing brownish fuscous; tegulae as in 
triangularis ; the thorax greyer; a smaller species than triangularis ; the outer line black and plainer; the sub¬ 
marginal preceded by a row of black spots. Occurs in N. W. India. 
R. refulgens Warr. (Vol. 3, pi. 9 f). Differs from stentzi Led. in having the ground colour glossy purplish refulgent 
black, and the costal streak olive ochreous; the reniform stigma narrower, its pale inner edge more curved, the 
orbicular more shallow, and triangular; the claviform outlined with dark and pointed at the end; subcostal 
vein and sometimes the median finely pale; this, however, is the case also in stentzi : but the species is smaller, 
with narrower forewings. Occurs in Kulu, N. W. India, as well as in Kashmir and Tibet. 
R. papuana Warr. (7 d). As large as triangularis Moore, the forewing somewhat broader, purple brown papuana. 
without the reddish tinge of triangularis ; the costal streak broadly pale to beyond reniform, the two stigmata 
pale, both confluent above with the streak, and both touching median vein below; the cell blackish through¬ 
out; the claviform pale, with diffuse dark purplish outline; the outer line purplish, lunulate-dentate; the sub¬ 
marginal preceded by a row of dark lun.ules; hindwing dull pale grey, darker towards termen, showing a dull 
grey cellspot and outer line. Palpi externally, vertex of head and collar, the thorax and patagia deep brown 
black; tips of palpi, face, and tegulae rufous ochreous mixed with grey, the tegulae with a broad but diffuse 
blackish middle line; abdomen furry grey. Described from a single <$ from British New Guinea. 
R. c-nigrum L. (= nun-atrum Esp., gothica var. singularis Esp.) (Vol. 3, pi. 9g). Forewing purplish c-nigrum. 
grey or purplish fuscous with a leaden gloss; costal area at middle only ochreous, merged with the bluntly tri¬ 
angular pale orbicular stigma; the cell, a submedian basal blotch, and a costal spot before apex purplish black; 
claviform stigma minute; reniform large, the lower lobe purplish; hindwing ochreous whitish, in $ with termen 
broadly fuscous. Larva redbrown, with obscure paler dorsal and subdorsal lines and a broad pale ochreous 
spiracular line; feeding on low plants generally. A widespread, palaearctic species, extending into Northern 
India where it occurs in the Punjab, Sikkim, Bhutan, and Assam. 
R. praetermissa Warr. (7 d). Forewing purplish fuscous in the $, pale reddish brown in the <J; costal praeter- 
streak whitish from base to reniform stigma, dotted with grey and sometimes pink-tinged, plainer in $ than nussa - 
S', lines finely black, conversely edged with paler; the inner oblique, double, the internal arm slender, preceded 
by a diffuse grey space; the outer lunulate-dentate; submarginal obscurely paler, indicated by the terminal 
area beyond it being darker, preceded at costa by a black bar; cell and a blotch at base of submedian fold blackish; 
orbicular stigma pale, dependent from the costal streak, rounded triangular; reniform with pale curved inner 
edge; hindwing fuscous grey, paler basewards. Nilgiri Hills and Ooty, S. India; the subsp. insulafa Warr. (7 d) insulata. 
from Bonthain, Celebes, is smaller and has the base of hindwing pale. 
