62 
SPINIPALPA; XE8TIA. By W. Warren. 
usual, angled outwards on subcostal vein and above inner margin, incurved between; the outer irregularly 
denticulate, incurved below vein 4; the subterminal line preceded by dark shading; stigmata velvety black; 
the claviform, intersected by the inner line, consists of a pale-edged triangle on the inner side of the line and a 
conical mark on the outer; the orbicular and reniform with pale annuli, the former round or oval; hindwing 
whitish tinged with brown, especially along termen. The species varies according to the predominance of the 
rufa. shades of ground colour; in the ab. rufa ab. nov. (= ab. 1 limps.) (8 c) the whole forewing is olive rufous, without 
pallida, the dark brown admixture and with less blue grey scaling; in ab. pallida (= ab. 2 Hmps.) the whole wing is 
pale olive ochreous, without red or brown tinge; the abdomen, as well as the hindwing, whitish, with rufous 
oliva. anal tuft; in ab. oliva ab. nov. (8 c) the wing is olive brown without the red tinge. A small species occurring 
in Sikkim, Bhutan, and the Punjab; the form oliva also from the Khasia and Naga Hills, Assam; found beyond 
the borders in Kashmir and Tibet. 
lunata. H. lunata Moore (8 c). Forewing purplish brown in the $, olive brown or fuscous in the in which 
sex the terminal area beyond subterminal line is usually paler; differs from consignata in the shape and edging 
of the stigmata; the claviform quite small, bullet-shaped; the orbicular broadly conical, the point towards 
base; the reniform narrower and distinctly lunate; all without pale outlines; hindwing luteous whitish, more 
or less tinged with grey. Occurs, like the last species, in N. India. -— Sikkim, Assam, and the Punjab -— and in 
Kashmir and Tibet. 
chalybeata. H. chalybeata Moore (8 c). Forewing dull olive fuscous sprinkled with fine bluish grey scales; the 
lines tine, pale, edged with dark towards base; the subbasal and inner indistinct; the outer and subterminal 
broader and clearer; stigmata larger than in consignata, very finely edged with grey scales, but obscure; fringe 
fuscous; hindwing uniform dull pale grey. This species occurs in Sikkim, as well as in Tibet; it is somewhat 
larger than consignata. and is recognizable by the obscureness of its mar kin gs. 
stigmatica. H. stigmatica Warr. (8 c). Forewing olive fuscous, often with slight reddish tinge; the lines pale; the 
subbasal and inner distinctly edged with black, the former emitting along subcostal vein a sharp pale angulated 
line towards the latter; outer line dentate lunulate; the subterminal preceded by a dark shade; all the stigmata 
large, black and distinct, broadly outlined with ochreous; hindwing dirty whitish, sometimes tinged with grey 
in the $. Occurs in Sikkim, Bhutan, and Assam. 
furva. H. furva Warr. (8 c). Forewing dull brick red with an olive tinge; all the lines and markings blurred and 
indistinct; the lines accompanied by dull lustrous bluish scales, especially the outer line; costa marked by blackis- 
spots, edged with bluish scales, at the origin of lines; stigmata black with diffuse outlines; the claviform appa 
rently continued inwards to base; the orbicular diffusely elongate; the reniform lunate, more conspicuous 
limited inwardly by a grey crescent; a row of distinct black terminal lunules; hinclwing dull whitish. Kulu 
Punjab. 
lineatu. H. lineata Warr. (8 d). Forewing olive brown; the veins and edges of the stigmata all finely pale ochreous 
the stigmata large and well-defined; lines all pale ochreous and distinct, edged with dark; the outer dentate 
lunulate, oblique inwards below middle to inner margin just beyond middle; dark terminal lunules; hindwing 
uniform dull luteous grey. Tonglo, Sikkim. Distinguished by its large size and conspicuous markings. 
4. Genus: $g» ini|»aI |»st Alph. 
Distinguished, according to Alp he raky, by the terminal segment of palpi ending in two horny spines; 
frons smooth; all the tibiae strongly spined; eyes naked, but with ciliations; thorax and legs rough-haired; an¬ 
tennae of G bipectinate. Type S. maculata Alph. 
maculata. S. maculata Alph. (= aletes H?nps.). Forewing pale brownish grey; costa at base and the outer veins 
paler, somewhat grey; no stigmata or cross lines; the wing is marked instead by longitudinal black streakh 
at base, in the cell, and between the veins of the disc and outer margin; hindwing uniform brownish grey; tho; 
rax like wings; tegulae marked with a white bar. Described by Alphe raky from a single G fromAmdo, Tibet, 
also occurs in Sikkim, whence the type of aletes Hmps., who compares the insect in appearance to a Leucania. 
5. Genus: Xestia Hbn. 
Tongue present; frons smooth; palpi porrect, thickly fringed with hair in front, the third segment 
small; thorax slightly crested; all the tibiae spined, sometimes fringed with hair in front; pectus rough-haired. 
Type X. ochreago Hbn. 
Sect. III. Antennae of $ lamellate, with short sessile fascicles of cilia. 
curviplena. A. curviplena Walk. (8 d). Forewing ochreous tinged with ochraceous; the lines pale brown, slender; 
subbasal and inner lines double, outcurved between veins; outer line dentate-lunulate, obscurely double; sub¬ 
terminal line thick and nearly straight; terminal line sinuate, waved; stigmata large, well-rounded, of the ground 
