Pull. 29. VI. 1911. 
SPODOPTERA. By W. Warren. 
321 
incurved below vein 4; orbicular stigma laterally black-edged, oblique and subquadrate, conjoined at lower 
end with the reniform, which has a blackish centre and pale annulus, with a black mark between its upper 
edge and the orbicular; subterminal line whitish, inwardly defined by fuscous, more prominently at middle, 
with black streaks before it in the interspaces between veins 7 and 2; terminal area tinged with fuscous; 
triangular black terminal spots; hindwing white, veins terminally brownish, the costa towards apex and ter- 
men to vein 2 with fuscous; in the $ the forewing is more uniform brown, with the lines less prominent, 
not filled in with whitish, the reniform filled in with fuscous not black. This species, which is recorded from 
Gensan in Corea, is found in the Loo-choo Islands; Formosa; Sikkim, Assam, and Bengal in India; Burma; 
the Malay Peninsula; Borneo, and Java, whence the type. The larva is said to feed on Bukoot. 
Sect. II. Antennae of $ with sessile fascicles of cilia. 
S. abyssinia Guen. (= cilium Guen., orbicularis Walk., praeterita Walk., insignata Walk., procedens abyssinia. 
Walk., miWaWalk., obliterans Walk., insulsa Walk., imperviata Walk., retrahens Walk.) (29 b, Vol. 3, PI. 42 f). 
Forewing greyish suffused with brown; inner and outer lines double filled in with whitish, the inner with the 
inner arm indistinct, oblique and waved; the outer with the outer arm indistinct, denticulate, and incurved 
below vein 4; orbicular stigma whitish, ringed with black, with small brown centre, oblique oval, connected by 
a streak above median vein with the reniform which is edged with black; subterminal line whitish inwardly 
defined by fuscous and with dark streaks in the interspaces; triangular black terminal spots; hindwing pure 
semihyaline white; in the $ the orbicular stigma is completely defined by black; the reniform has a fuscous 
centre and whitish annulus defined by black points on outer side; hindwing with a dark terminal line from 
apex to submedian fold. Found at Fao in the Persian Gulf; in the Punjab, Sikkim, Bombay, Madras, in India; 
Ceylon; the Philippine Islands; Borneo; Java. It is also widely spread through the Ethiopian region, and in 
Asia Minor. Larva ochreous with numerous pale dots defined by pale brown; the dorsal line orange; sub¬ 
dorsal line formed of a series of orange marks, defined above by irregular black lunules; lateral line represented 
by orange marks; stigmata black with brown patches above them; head and thoracic plate redbrown. The 
description is taken from a Natal larva. 
Sect. III. Antennae of ciliated; foretibiae with enlarged tufts of hair 
and scales. 
S. mauritia Bsd. (= acronyctoides Guen., nubes Guen., filium Guen., infecta Walk., insignata Walk., mauriiia. 
triturata Walk. , transducta Walk., permunda Walk., gratiosa Walk., squalida Walk., venustula Walk., bisignat.a 
Walk., (bis) aliena Walk., submarginalis Walk., bisignata Walk., obliqua Walk.) (Vol. 3, PI. 42 f, g). Forewing 
pale grey with a faint rufous tinge, and more or less entirely suffused with reddish brown; inner and outer 
lines obscure, blackish and double, paler towards inner margin; subterminal line whitish, irregularly wavy- 
dentate, starting from a grey apical spot, preceded by a dark blotch between veins 3 and 5; orbicular 
stigma an oblique oval, pale with brown centre and blackish outline, separated from the reniform by, and 
sometimes merged in, a pale streak running obliquely from costa to lower end of cell; the reniform filled 
up with black in a white annulus; a series of black marginal spots, often surrounded by grey scales; hindwing 
white, the veins terminally, and the costal and inner margins brown; terminal line thick and black. In the 
$ the forewing is more uniform in coloration, dull dark grey, with no trace of the pale oblique streak across the 
cell, the reniform stigma and the dark blotch on veins 3 to 5 alone showing dark; ab. effeminata War?', is effeminata. 
a rare form of the q which mimics the coloration of the $, being uniformly dark brown without the pale 
oblique streak. Larva dark brown marbled with whitish; dorsal line white-edged; subdorsal and lateral 
lines white; head redbrown; venter greenish; feeding on cereals; reported to be injurious to rice in the Punjab. 
Found throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; the Malay peninsula; the Andamans; Siam; Borneo; the Philip¬ 
pines; Java; Cocos-Keeling Island; New Guinea; Australia; Society Ids.; Marquesas; Hawaii. 
S. postfusca Hmps. (29 c). Forewing purplish grey thickly irrorated with dark brown, and with brown postfusea. 
suffusion before inner marginal half of outer line; a subbasal black costal striga and black and white spot 
below cell; inner line double, waved and somewhat curved; claviform stigma defined by blackish at extremity 
extending to median vein; orbicular and reniform very ill-defined, a prominent black patch between them 
in cell, the orbicular round; median line dark and bent in middle; a diffused blackish smear from reniform 
to subterminal line above vein 5; outer line double, outbent below costa then denticulate, oblique inwards 
below vein 4; subterminal line whitish, waved, interrupted, internally edged with dark brown and with some 
dentate dark brown marks before it in costal half; a fine waved terminal line with small black dots in the inter¬ 
spaces; hindwing dark redbrown; the fringe chequered brown and whitish. Ceylon. 
XI 
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