148 
Thoracic Scales. —(1) Hair-like curved; (2) narrow 
curved ; (3) spindle shaped ; (4) flat ; (5) twisted 
(Fig. 56). 
In the sub-family Anophelina examine the genus 
Myzomyia, e.g., M. funesta or M. listoni, and note that 
the thoracic scales are hair-like curved scales; and again 
the genus Pyretophorus (e.g.,P. costalis or P. jeyporensis), 
and note that the thoracic scales are narrow curved. 
In the sub-family Culicina examine (a) the genus 
Stegomyia (, e.g., S. calopus, v. fasciata), and note that 
it has flat scales on the scutellum ; (h) the genus Culex 
(e.g., C. fatigans ), with narrow curved scales on the 
scutellum ; (c) the genus Mucidus (e.g., M. africanus), 
with twisted scales on the thorax, giving these mos¬ 
quitoes their peculiar mouldy appearance. 
Abdominal Scales. —In the sub-family Anophelina, 
the abdomen is generally hairy. Examine the genus 
Cellia (e.g., C. pharoensis or C. pulcherrima ) and note 
that it has spindle-shaped scales on the abdomen and 
dense lateral tufts, and that the genus Pyretophorus 
(e.g., P. costalis or P. palestinensis) has narrow curved 
scales on the abdomen (Fig. 58). 
Wing Scales. —Flat scales occur in a double row 
along each vein and there are also lateral rows. 
These scales are most variable, e.g., in the sub-family 
Anophelina examine the genus Cycloleppteron (e.g., C. 
grahhamia), with large inflated scales (Fig. 58), and the 
genus Myzomyia (e.g., M. funesta) with small, narrowly 
lanceolate scales, and the genus Myzorhynchus (e.g., 
M. paludis ), with dense large lanceolate scales. In 
the sub-family Culicina examine Mansonia (= Pano- 
plites), e.g., M. uniformis, or M. titillans ; the scales 
have a characteristic broad asymmetrical shape 
(Fig. 56). 
