149 
Wing Fringe. —(i) Long narrow pointed scales 
attached to the edge of the wing by a 
narrow stalk. 
(2) Short scales similar in shape. 
(3) Border scales are generally flat but may be 
variable. 
Leg Scales. —Nearly always flat. In the sub¬ 
family Anophelina examine the genus Lophoscelomyia 
(e.g., L. asiatica ), which, as the name implies, has dense 
scale tufts on the hind femora. In the sub-family 
Culicina examine Sabethes (e.g., S. remipes ), with its 
dense tufts (paddles) on the tibia and metatarsus ; 
and Mucidus (e.g., M. africanus ) and Psorophora (e.g., 
P. ciliata ), with the leg scales elongated and erect. 
To Determine the Species 
Having determined firstly that a mosquito is an 
Anopheline,* and secondly to what genus it belongs 
(p. 152) the final step is to find out the species. The 
most important distinguishing features are :— 
(1) The Costal Spots. —The main spots on the wing 
are formed by areas of dark scales on the costal, 
auxiliary and first longitudinal veins. These spots are 
fairly constant in each species, but variations occur, 
e.g., in the typical T spot of M. rossi and in the 
characteristic spot of N. stephensi (Fig. 59), and they 
may not even be the same on the right and left wings, 
but notwithstanding, the costal spots are of great 
importance in determining the species. 
The Wing Field. —The accumulation of dark 
scales, here again causes a number of minor spots on 
the veins, thus the dark areas on the third longitudinal 
vein in M. funesta, M. listoni and M. culicifacies are 
* We only attempt here to describe Anophelines. 
