6. Examine especially the conditions where 
Anophelines , breeding-places, native huts, opportunity 
for constant importation of malaria and numerous 
susceptible children exist, and yet there is a complete 
absence of endemic malaria. In Africa it will probably 
be impossible to find such places, but they occur in 
India. 
Endemic Areas of a Country 
The map (p. 204) shews how the endemicity of 
large areas of a country is a very variable one. When 
opportunity offers, the endemic index should be 
determined for each locality, and, as far as possible, 
all the other facts detailed above. But the simple 
taking of the blood of a number of children (under 
ten) in any village gives at once valuable information 
as to malaria of the district, information which often 
is quite unsuspected. Thus, as is shewn in the map, 
the endemic index of Calcutta is o, that is to say, in the 
immediate environs (not in the town itself) where 
practically the condition is one of a number of isolated 
villages, there is no malaria among the native children. 
At Jalpaiguri the figure is low, twelve per cent., but 
reaching the foot of the Himalayas, we find the 
extremely high figure seventy-two per cent. In this 
case we are able among other differences to find a 
different species of Anopheline , which, as we have 
seen, is an important factor. 
In other cases, however, all the conditions may 
be apparently identical, but within a distance of even 
ten miles we may get a change from an endemic index 
of o (Madras) to ninety (Ennur). 
These differences hold good in other countries, 
e.g . 9 in Italy. Here the mortality from malaria in the 
