Food in Relation to Work. 
141 
machine as the animal system, HELMHOLTZ calculates 
that but one-fifth of the force-value of the food is really 
obtained in the form of work. The radiation, conduc- 
tion etc., from the surface of the body, and an infinity of 
smaller causes effect the loss, as far as power is concern- 
ed, of the remaining four-fifths. 
Frankland, by taking the force- value of the various 
articles mentioned above, and calculating on HELMHOLTZ' 
statement that one-fifth of the force-value is actually 
obtained, has represented in a tabular form the weight 
and cost of a sufficient quantity of the respective mate- 
rials to raise the body of a person weighing 140 lbs. to 
a height of 20,000 feet (about equivalent to the same 
individual walking 20 miles on level ground). These 
he gives as follows : — 
NAME OF FOOD. 
WEIGHT 
REQUIRED 
in lbs. 
PRICE 
Per lb. 
COST. 
S. D. 
s. 
r>. 
Codliver oil ... 
0.553 
3 6 
1 
Hi 
Beef fat 
0.555 
10 

H 
Butter 
0.693 
1 6 
1 
0£ 
Oat-meal 
1.281 
2f 

H 
Fl.mr 
1.311 
2£ 

3 t 
Pea-meal 
1.335 
Si 

** 
Arrowroot 
1.287 
1 
1 
H 
Ground rice ... 
1 341 
4 

H 
Cane sugar ... 
1.505 
6 

9 
Grape sugar ... 
1.537 
3£ 

H 
Bread crumb... 
2.345 
2 

4| 
Potatoes 
5.068 
1 

6* 
Cheese 
1.156 
10 

11* 
Hard boiled eggs 
2.209 
6* 
1 
n 
White of egg ... 
8.745 
6" 
4 
4| 
Hara 
3.001 
1 6 
4 
6 
Beef 
3.532 
1 
3 
H 
Veal 
4.300 
1 
4 
H 
Mackerel 
3.124 
8 
2 
1 
Whiting 
6.369 
1 4 
9 
4 
