42 TlMEHRl. 
plantations back into the forest, to serve as a warning 
to others. 
A second expedition was composed of well-affected 
negro slaves and of native Indians. A reward of 300 
guilders was offered for each right hand of a bush-negro. 
This was successful in breaking up all but one of the 
forest strongholds ; and when the victors emerged once 
more from the forest, the weapons which they waved 
triumphantly over their heads carried seventy black hu- 
man arms, and they brought with them large numbers of 
prisoners. Most of the ring-leaders were immediately 
tried, horribly tortured and then executed, the poor 
wretches bearing their cruel sufferings with the usual 
splendid fortitude of savages; one man more especially, 
one of the two actual leaders, suffered atrocities no whit 
less terrible than any that have made the name of Alva 
notorious, with so great fortitude as to elicit from 
PlNCKARD the quaint comment that 
" the conduct of this negro furnishes a striking example of the 
powers of the human will in subduing our bodily sufferings, and might 
seem even to corroborate the doctrine which maintains that all pain is 
ideal." 
The second of the two leaders was fortunate enough to 
be reserved for punishment ; and, as before that was 
awarded the colony was in the hands of the English, he 
died by the comparatively mild process of being first 
hung and then beheaded. Thus the bush-negroes were 
for a time scotched. 
The Indians seem to have been in the same state, with 
one exception, as at present. The one point about 
them which, because it is no longer in force, does re- 
quire mention is that it was the policy of the Dutch, not 
