262 TlMEHRI. 
The family of the manakins (Pipridx) follows next in 
both cases. These are small birds with very short tails, with 
thick and rather short but not conical bills, with the bills 
very broad at the base, and the sides gradually compressed 
to the tip. Some of the species are very handsome, many 
being black birds with coloured heads— one form, known 
as the parson-bird, has a white head, the rest of the 
body being black (in the male). 
The family of the chatterers (Cotingid&j contains 
some of the most beautiful of all birds ; and many of 
these are seen in the front of the upright case. Thus 
there are the snow-white bell-bird or campanero 
(Chasmarhynchus) , noted for its white colour in the 
adult male (in the young male and the adult female the 
colour is a spotted greenish-brown and white), and its 
curious extensile caruncle, communicating with the 
cavity of the mouth, by means of which it rings out its 
weird note; the rich blood-red military chatterer; 
the brilliant orange-coloured cock of the rock (Rupicola) 
with its peculiar fan-like crest on the head ; the strikingly 
handsome purple-throated and purple-breasted cotingas 
(Cotinga), and the equally striking, white- winged, 
pompadour cotinga (Xipholena) , the two last species 
being represented in their natural colours and also in an 
artificial state produced by heating the purple tints until 
the purple gives rise to a brilliant and permanent red ; 
the brilliant fire-bird (Phoenicocercus) of which only a 
female specimen is shewn, and other specimens. All 
these agree in having the bill rather short, broad at the 
base, and rather flattened, and the gape of the mouth 
immensely wide, being slit far back under the eyes. 
Of the family of the American creepers (Dendro- 
