20,8 TlMEHRI. 
sions and deco6lions. Most of the infusions of bitter 
and aromatic leaves, are used to promote sweating in 
fevers. The great fever medicine is the Greenheart 
Bark and Seed. These have been introduced into medi- 
cine, the active principle isolated under the name of 
Beeberine, and used as a substitute for Quinine, but like 
most of the substitutes for this useful medicine it has 
been found wanting. It is still used to some consider- 
able extent, but unfortunately not in sufficient quantity 
to make any appreciable trade in the bark or seeds. 
The Bouiari, (Mikania amara), is a really good stomachic 
bitter, and retains its active properties for a long time. 
I think it is worthy of a place in the Pharmacopoeia. 
The Quassia (Quassia amara) and the bark of the 
Simaruba (Simaruba amara) are well known tonic bit- 
ters, which have been, and are still used to a consider- 
able extent, but the Quassia of the Pharmacopoeia 
comes from a different tree, the Picrxna excelsa, impor- 
ted from Jamaica. A great number of the medicinal 
barks of the Indians are used for diarrhoea, and derive 
their astringent properties from the tannic acid which 
they contain. Among the best are the varieties of 
Wallaba, (Eperua falcata), and Mora, (Mora excelsa). 
Some of them are scraped when fresh, others powdered 
when dry, and used as dressings for ulcers. They a6l 
in the same way as the Gall Ointment of the Pharma- 
copoeia. Wonderful tales are told of the effe<5t of these 
dressings, probably good results often arise from the 
antiseptic properties of the tannin. To this class belong 
the Etabally (Vochysia), Trysil, (Pentaekthra filamew 
tosa), and many others. There is great difficulty in identi- 
fying the species producing the barks from the forest 
