128 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
ble by mere heat, nor altered by combustibles. Some of 
them are insoluble in water, and others very sparingly solu¬ 
ble in that fluid. Some of them possess phosphorescent pro¬ 
perties, and all of them combine with silica when intensely 
heated in connexion with that earth. 
Which are the chief fluoric salts ? 
Fluate of lime,* fiuate of soda, fluate of ammonia, fluate of 
alumina, and fluate of silica. 
What are the generic characteristics of the BORATES ? 
The borates are all fusible into glass, and with several of 
the metallic oxides, form glass of different colours. Concen¬ 
trated solutions of some of the borates, especially that of 
soda, afford, when decomposed by the stronger acids, scaly 
crystals of boracic acid. None of the combustible substances 
have the power of decomposing the boracic salts. 
Can you enumerate the boracic salts '! 
The principal are the borates of lime, of magnesia, and of 
potash; and the sub-borate of soda, which is known in com¬ 
merce by the name of borax. * * * * 
What are the generic characteristics of the acetates ? 
The acetates are all very soluble in water; are decompos¬ 
ed by the action of heat, and afford acetic acid when distilled 
with sulphuric acid. These salts, if exposed to the air when 
in a state of solution, are soon destroyed, owing to the gra¬ 
dual decomposition which the acid undergoes; an inconve¬ 
nience which is experienced by the printers of calicoes 
whenever their red mordant (the acetate of alumina) has 
been long kept, without being properly preserved from the 
action of the atmosphere. 
Which are the chief acetic salts ? 
We have the acetat^ of barytes, of potash, of soda, of 
lime, of ammonia,f and of magnesia, besides the acetate of 
alumina of the calico printer, just mentioned. 
What are the generic characteristics of the oxalates ? 
The oxalates are decomposable by a red heat; and those 
which are soluble in water are decomposed also by lime or 
barytes water; and the precipitated oxalate is soluble in an 
■excess of oxalic or of most other acids. 
Can you enumerate the principal oxalic salts ? 
Oxalate of lime, of barytes, of strontites, of alumina, of 
magnesia, of potash, of soda, and of ammonia. 
What are the generic characteristics of the tartrates ? 
When the tartrates are exposed to a red heat, the acid is 
decomposed, and the base remains. The earthy tartrates are 
less soluble than the alkaline, but all are capable of combin¬ 
ing with another base, and forming triple salts. The tar¬ 
trates are also capable of combining with an excess of acid, 
and thus forming what are called super salts, of which common 
tartar or super-tartrate of potash is a well known instance. 
Can you enumerate the principal tartaric salts ? 
The principal of them are the tartrates of lime, of stron¬ 
tites, and of potash; and the tartrates of potash and ammo¬ 
nia, and of potash and soda, commonly called Rochelle salt. 
What are the generic characteristics of the CIT g/bSftl 7 acids 
The citmte^e ^com 5 ^ distillfd' and the oxa- 
iJlfAnlf 'ijtkgfto acids decompose them, producing an insolu¬ 
ble precipitate in their solutions. The aqueous solutions of 
these salts are not permanent, but are liable to be decompos¬ 
ed by age. 
Which are the principal citrates ? 
The citrates of lime,! of barytes, of potash, of soda, and 
of ammonia. 
What are the generic characteristics of the camphorates? 
The camphorates have generally a bitterish taste; they 
are decomposable by heat, and burn with a blue flame. The 
camphorate of potash and some other of these salts crystallize 
very readily. 
Which are the principal camphorates ? t 
The camphorates of lime, of potash, of soda, of barytes, of 
ammonia, of alumina, and of magnesia. * * * 
What are the principle prussiates ? 
The prussiates, or triple prusiates of potash, soda, lime, 
or ammonia, with iron: that of potash was formerly called 
Prussian alkali. 
* Phosphate of soda and ammonia is also found in human 
urine, from whence it may be procured by evaporation in 
the state of a triple salt. 
According to some modern experiments, it appears that 
fluoric acid forms a part of the human teeth. It may be con¬ 
jectured that this was a contrivance of nature, to give more 
durability to these important organs than they would have 
had by phosphate of lime only. 
t A solution of acetate of ammonia has been used from a 
very early date in Pharmacy, under the name of Mindere- 
rus’s spirit. It is not crystallizable; for, if evaporated with 
that intention, it volatilizes entirely. 
t Citrate of lime is now formed in this country in large 
quantities, as a preliminary process in preparing the citric 
acid in a crystallized state. According to Vauquelin, it is 
composed of 63 acid and 37 lime. From actual experiment I 
have found that 100 gallons of good lemon juice will gene¬ 
rally produce 90 pounds of dry citrate of lime well saturated. 
E 0HAN POTATOES—The high price of the Rohan 
. Potato last spring, (from $10 to $20 per bushel,) the 
great demand for them, and their intrinsic value as a farm 
crop, induces us to give this early notice to the farmers who 
may wish to cultivate them, that on the receipt of five dol¬ 
lars, if before the 1st of Nov. we will forward to the address 
of the person sending it, in the manner he shall direct, and 
at his charge, one barrel of the Rohans, which will probably 
suffice to plant an acre of ground. J. BUEL. 
Seeds of Evergreens. 
want to purchase for our friends in the west, 
a quantity of seeds of the Balsam Fir, Spruce, 
Hemlock, White Cedar, or Arbor Vitas, and of the White 
Pine, and will pay for them a liberal price. In the next Culti¬ 
vator we will endeavor to suggest the time, and the manner 
at and in which these seeds should be collected and preserved. 
.FOR SALE-TWO SOUTH-DOWN 
l I.’ BUCK LAMBS.—The subscriber im¬ 
ported, in the fall of 1837, two ewes and a 
^ buck, selected from the Earl of Leieesters 
Sflock, (Holkham,) of which the above is the 
progeny. Near Dobb’s Ferry, Pa. July 28, 1839. 
Sept-tf JAMES A. HAMILTON. 
A ilbany seed store, 
Garden and Agricultural 
Seeds, Implements, Tools, &c 
kept constantly for sale at his Seed 
Store, 317 North Market-street, 
wholesale and retail, consisting of 
a large assortment. It is the in¬ 
tention of the proprietor to test all 
seeds of which there is any doubt 
respecting their vitality, by sow¬ 
ing a few seeds in a small pot, before offering them for sale. 
And purchasers can test for themselves, any seeds of which 
they are distrustful, by sowing a few in a box of fine earth, 
and placing it in a warm room, exposed to the sun, where, 
if kept moist, the seed, if good, will vegetate in a reasona¬ 
ble time. In all cases where seeds prove to be bad, they 
will be replaced by others, or any reasonable satisfaction 
made. The proprietor has enlarged his establishment and 
increased his supplies, and with his experience in the busi¬ 
ness, together with his facilities for obtaining supplies, 
through Mr. GEORGE C. THORBURN, and his exten¬ 
sive correspondence and facilities for obtaining seeds, he 
flatters himself he will be able fully to meet the wishes and 
expectations of the public, and make the ALBANY SEED 
STORE and AGRICULTURAL REPOSITORY wor¬ 
thy of the high character it has already attained. 
Persons ordering Seeds and Implements from a distance, 
with whom I am unacquainted, without remitting payment, 
are expected to give references in this city or New-York. 
Sept-tf WILLIAM THORBURN. 
G reat sale of improved short-horn 
CATTLE AND BLOOD HORSES.—The subscribers 
will sell at auction, on Tuesday the 10th day of September next, 
at the farm of Samuel Allen, on the Niagara river, two miles 
below Black-Rock, the entire stock of Imported Short-Horn 
Cattle, for several years past bred on the farm of L. F. Allen, 
on Grand-Island. 
The herd consists of about thirty, including Cows, Bulls, 
Heifers and Calves. Several of them have been imported 
by one of the subscribers, direct from England, and with 
their produce, are surpassed by few animals in the country. 
In addition to these, every animal offered is the direct de¬ 
scendant of thorough bred imported stock, and of unques¬ 
tionable purity of blood. 
With the above will be sold twenty select and beautiful 
animals, consisting of pure Devon; crosses of different de¬ 
grees between the Devon and Improved Short-Horns; cross¬ 
es of the Alderney and Ayreshire with the Short-Horns. 
These are Cows, Heifers and Calves, all superior animals. 
«, ,S'3rj ALSO —The superb horse “BELL- 
FOUNDER,” got by imported Bellfoun- 
der, the best thorough-bred trotting horse 
fiypi’ irt —r — —'A. vruv of flic iiirpurcGU 
mare Lady Allport, bred by T. T. Ivis- 
sam, Esq. oi Long-Island. The stock of this horse is unsur¬ 
passed in the country for size, speed and action—together 
with several elegant, thorough-bred breeding mares and fillies, 
and two or three young horse colts, the produce of the above. 
These animals are of the highest character as roadsters, and 
as trotters, no blood in the country has excelled them. They 
are all from the best stables of Long-Island. Also, a beauti¬ 
ful pair of full-bred matched fillies, five years old. All these 
horses are blood bay. 
This entire stock will be sold without reserve, to the high¬ 
est bidder, commencing at 10 o’clock A. M. They can be 
shipped within an hour from the farm, on board the steam¬ 
boats to go up the Lakes, or on board canal boats at the farm. 
Catalogues of the animals, with descriptions and pedigrees, 
will be prepared, and the stock may be viewed at the farm 
previous to the sale. A credit of sixty days will he given on 
approved notes or acceptances, payable at. a hank either in 
Buffalo, Albany, or New-York, for all sums over $300. 
SAMUEL ALLEN. LEWIS F. ALLEN. 
Black-Rock, N. Y. June 25,1839. 
I MPROVED DURHAM SHORT-HORNS.—Mr. 
-L WHITAKER’S third sale of high bred improved Short- 
Horns, by the ship Napier, will be held at Powelton, near 
Philadelphia, on Friday Sept. 20, 1839, at 10 o’clock A. M. 
The subscriber is authorised by Col. Powell to say, that 
all the best cattle which he lias at any time imported, and 
the improved short-horns which he considered the best in 
England, were either in Mr. Whitaker’s possession, or were 
derived from his fold. Col. Powell has not the slightest in¬ 
terest in Mr. Whitaker’s sales. Philadelphia, July 15, 1839. 
ts C. J. WOOLBERT, Auctioneer. 
N EW-YORK URATE AND POUDRETTE 
COMPANY, not incorporated, but carried on by indi¬ 
vidual enterprise. The manures are not divided among the 
stockholders, as are those belonging to another establishment, 
but sold to applicants for cash on delivery. Orders are sup¬ 
plied in the order of time in which they are received. Urate 
50 cents and Poudrette 40 cents per bushel, with contingent 
charges for bags or barrels, &c. 
The company are daily preparing for use, during the warm 
dry weather, the materials collected during the past winter, 
and will have several thousand bushels ready before the first 
of October next. The material is disinfected and rendered 
free from offensive smell by a compound, every part of which 
is in itself a good manure. The experience of the past and 
present year, 1838 and 1839, on Long Island, has satisfied 
many of the farmers that these manures have the quickest 
operation upon vegetable matter, producing greater abun¬ 
dance, and the cheapest of any manure they have ever tried. 
Amended instructions for their use, the result of practical 
experience, will be furnished on application. The effect of 
Poudrette upon grape vines and morus multicaulis is beyond 
all comparison. This company are erecting large and ex¬ 
tensive works in the vicinity of the city of New-York to 
prepare the manures; and farmers and gardeners may confi¬ 
dently rely on a supply. Orders, post paid, directed to ‘ ‘ The 
New-York Urate and Poudrette Company,” box number 1,- 
211, post-office, New-York, or sent to the store of STILL¬ 
WELL & DEY, number 365, Fulton-street, Brooklyn, will 
be attended to. New-York, July 17, 1839. 
The company will be very much obliged to gentlemen who 
have used the manures, to give them a statement in writing 
what has been the result of their use and experiments in re¬ 
lation to them. aug-4t. 
A GRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE and SI 
Y Y STORE, 79 Barclay-street, New-York. At this o 
SEED 
, -- j ; -, -— ....s old es^ 
tabhshed stand, the subscribers take pleasure in announcing 
to the public, that they have made extensive arrangements to 
accommodate farmers in all articles connected with husband¬ 
ry, viz:—-Agricultural implements, a full and fresh supply of 
Field and Garden Seeds, Fruit Trees, Durham Cattle, Chi¬ 
nese and Berkshire pigs, 10,000 morus multicaulis mulberry 
trees, publications on rural subjects, &c. 
July~3t J. W. WEAVER & Co. 79 Barclay-st. N.Y. 
~sk UOR SALE—“A Splendid Country Seat in the 
Jiff • Highlands, on the Hudson River. That beau- 
■ tiful country residence, known by the name of the 
BEVERLY ESTATE, containing four hundred acres of land, 
about two hundred of which are fine level arable soil, of an 
excellent quality, in a good state of cultivation, and not sur¬ 
passed by any on the river for fertility; the remainder is fine 
and thrifty timber land. The situation is the most eligible on 
the Hudson, extending one mile and a half on the river,-with 
a bold shore and convenient dock, nearly opposite West- 
Point, and within fifty miles of New-York. The prospect is 
extensive and diversified, reaching from St. Anthony’s Peak 
on the south, to the bay and city of Newburgh on the north. 
This estate can conveniently be divided into three farms, giv¬ 
ing an equal proportion of front on the river, and of arable 
and timber land to each. Almost every enclosure is supplied 
with living springs of the purest water. There is on said es¬ 
tate a plain house, (formerly the head-quarters of Gen. Ar¬ 
nold;) also out-houses necessary to carry on the business of 
the farm. The single fact that during the whole time the 
cholera raged throughout the state, not one case occurred 
within ten miles of this place, is sufficient to prove the unri¬ 
valled salubrity of the situation. The facilities of intercourse 
with the city, that can be reached in four hours, by means of 
numerous steam-boats, are great, and daily increasing, both 
as regards pleasure, and the convenience of a near market for 
produce of every description. 
For conditions of sale, apply to STEPHEN A. HALSEY, 
189 Water-street, New-York, or RICHARD D. ARDEN, on 
the adjoining farm. Ardenia, 23d April, 1839. j6t 
Moneys received between the 24th June and Is? of August, in 
sums of $5 and over. The total receipts are included from 
post-offices marked with cm asterisk. * 
No. Vols. 
Averysborough, 
* Augusta, 
"Auburn, 
*Brandenburgh, 
*Baltimore, 
Belleville, 
*Buffalo, 
Jkoeir yd If- 
"Birmingham, 
*Boston, 
N.C. 6 
Ga. 55 
Va. 9 
Ky. 7 
Md. 107 
Ill. 22 
N.Y. 19 
xj.o. 8 
O. 12 
Mass. 168 
Moeksville, 
Mount Sterling, 
Milwood, 
*New-York city, 
Nicholasville, 
New-York mills, 
"Nashville, 
New-Haven, 
Orlean, 
No. Vols. 
N.C. 41 
Ky. 5 
Va. 22 
280 
Ky. 29 
N.Y. 
Tenn. 
Ct. 
Va. 
N.Y. 
27 
71 
5 
5 
*Cambridge, 
Md. 
22 
Peoria, 
Illi. 
39 
*Chillicothe, 
O. 
8 
Pittsylvania C. H. 
Va. 
5 
Chatham, 
N.Y. 
5 
Port Deposite, 
Md. 
17 
Dorset, 
Vt. 
5 
Plvmouth, 
Ia. 
5 
*Dayton, 
O. 
64 
*Plainfield, 
N.J. 
8 
*Danville, 
Pa. 
18 
*Rhinebeck, 
N.Y. 
29 
*Detroit, 
Mich. 29 
"Roscoe, 
Illi. 
65 
Deep River, 
Ct. 
6 
Schoolcraft, 
Mich. 
6 
Ellicotville, 
N.Y. 
6 
Shelbyville, 
Mass. 
6 
*Ellsworth, 
O. 
18 
"Stony Point Mills, 
Va. 
26 
East Wareham, 
Mass. 
5 
*Springfield, 
11 
38 
Elgin, 
Ill. 
5 
Steeles, 
S.C. 
5 
East Greenwich, 
R.l. 
6 
*Springfield, 
Mass. 
40 
Frankfort, 
Ky. 22 
Terre Haute, 
Ia. 
17 
Gold Hill, 
Ala. 
5 
Victoria, 
L.C. 
8 
^Hartford, 
Ct. 
61 
Westport, 
Ct. 
5 
Heathsville, 
Va. 
16 
"Wawarsing, 
N.Y. 
11 
*Huntsville, 
Ala. 
43 
"Westport, 
Ky. 
8 
Indiantown, 
Ill. 
5 
Wrentham, 
Mass. 
5 
"Jackson C. H. 
O. 
12 
Wheeling, 
Va. 
7 
Leonardstown, 
Md. 
12 
Williamsburgh, 
Mo. 
11 
"Lake C. H. 
Ia. 
28 
Woodstock, 
Ct. 
6 
Louisville, 
Va. 
5 
Watertown, 
Mass. 
5 
Laporte, 
la. 
11 
Waynesboro, 
Va. 
5 
"Mount Vernon, 
Ia. 
30 
"Washington city, 
D.C. 
47 
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