THE CULTIVATOR: 
A MONTHLY PUBLICATION, DEVOTED T O AGRICULTURE. _ 
_ _ _ - . . .. . - . . ■. . ■ — ■ — ■ ■ ■■ '■ - '■ - - -...'■■■■— ' 1 ' 
I KNOW OF NO PURSUIT IN WHICH MORE REAL AND IMPORTANT SERVICES CAN BE RENDERED TO ANY COUNTRY, THAN BY IMPROVING ITS AGRICULTURE. Wash. 
V OJj . YL NO. 5, WASHINGTON-ST. ALBANY,l^rDECEMBER, 1839. 3No7li^ 
Conducted by J. BUEL, of Albany. 
TERMS.— One Dollar per annum, to be paid in advance. 
Subscriptions to commence with a volume. 
Special Agents.- —Lewis Hill & Co. Richmond, Va.; Bell 
& Entwistle, Alexandria, D. C.; Gideon B. Smith, Baltimore, 
Md. ; Judah Dobson, bookseller, D. Landreith, and M. S. 
Powell, seedsmen, Philadelphia; Israel Post, bookseller. 88 
Bowery, Alex. Smith, seedsman, P. Wakeman, office of the 
American Institute, Broadway, New-York ; Hovey & Co. 
Merchants’ Row, Boston; Alex. Walsh, Lansingburgh, and 
Wm. Thorburn, Albany, gratuitous agents; John Thorburn, 
seedsman and general agent, St. Louis, Mo. E. Valentine, 
Johnson's Springs, Va. See No. 12, vol. v. 
The Cultivator is subject to common newspaper postage. 
frCf 3 The published volumes are forsale at the subscription price, or, 
if bound, the cost of binding added. The bound volumes may be also 
had of our Agents in the principal cities. 
THE CULTIVATOR. ~ 
TO IMPROVE TIIE SOIL AND TIIE MIND. 
Close of the Sixth Volume. 
This number closes the present and Sixth Volume of 
the Cultivator. In place of furnishing an extra number, 
■which the late Proprietor and Conductor promised in 
the June number, when he announced his intention of 
closing this volume “ by publishing a number on the 
15th of August, and another on the 15th of October, in 
addition to the usual monthly publication, in order to 
have the seventh volume commence on the beginning of 
the year, when most periodicals commence their vol¬ 
umes,” we have substituted, at a great expense, as a 
frontispiece, an engraved portrait of the late Editor, 
JESSE BUEL, Esq. taken but a short time previous 
to his death, by Mr. F. Fink, of this city. It is, as has 
been universally pronounced by all who knew the ori¬ 
ginal, an admirable likeness;—as a picture, it speaks 
for itself. Mr. Fink is a young man, and has, in all his 
works, displayed great ability. The engraving is by 
Mr. Thos. H. Cushman, also of this city, and recently 
of the firm of Hall, Packard 8c Cushman, Bank Note 
Engravers. Although he may find the branch of en¬ 
graving here presented, less lucrative than that of mak¬ 
ing bank notes, yet we are satisfied, he must find it 
more congenial to his taste, and one which will afford 
him a far more lasting reputation, if he succeeds as 
well as he has in the above. He has been constantly 
employed for the last six weeks in producing this effort, 
and we can answer for the justiee he has done the paint¬ 
ing from which he copied, and which, we have no doubt, 
will prove full as acceptable to our very numerous list 
of subscribers. We shall furnish all our present as 
well as future subscribers to this volume, with a copy 
of the engraving. 
We publish in this number, the two last addresses of 
Mr. Buel, being convinced they will not only be accep¬ 
table, but meet the approbation of our readers. This 
course appeared advisable, inasmuch as they were his 
last efforts in the cause of his favorite pursuits, Agri¬ 
culture and Horticulture, and by particular request of 
our correspondents. 
It would not appear strange should the same ideas or 
sentiments be repeated, still, we think them not the less 
interesting, and should not be objected to on that ac¬ 
count. 
We also present a beautiful engraving on wood, (by 
Mr. R. H. Pease, of Albany,) being a representation of 
the Horticultural Coat of Arms, as exhibited by that 
spirited and enlightened horticulturist, Alex. Walsh, 
Esq. of Lansingburgh, at the Horticultural Fair at 
Niblo’s, in New-York. It elicited great praise, and ex¬ 
cited the admiration of the thousands who thronged to 
view it. Much credit is due to the head that conceived, 
and the hands that executed it. 
We would ask the indulgence of our subscribers, for 
the lack of interest in our three last numbers; for they 
have been attended with numerous difficulties. The 
confusion naturally incident on assuming the “ respon¬ 
sibility” of conducting this work, will appear evident 
to all; and at the moment we were preparing copy for 
12 
this number, we were called out with the troops, to aid 
our sheriff in serving certain processes against the te¬ 
nants of the Van Rensselaer Manor; in consequence of 
which we were compelled to leave it in the hands of a 
friend, who has had no experience in such matters. 
83=* To our numerous and valuable correspondents, 
we again tender our grateful acknowledgments, and 
earnestly hope they will continue to lend us their aid in 
the great cause we have espoused. 
To those gentlemen who have enlisted their services, 
and acted as agents, we also feel under great obliga¬ 
tions for our extensive circulation, and we respectfully 
solicit a continuance of their favors for our next vol¬ 
ume, the first number of which will appear in the early 
part of January next, under the editorship of the Ge¬ 
nesee Farmer, (Willis Gaylord and Luther Tucker, 
Esqrs.) combined in the Cultivator. 
83- Owing to want of time and space, we have been 
compelled to lay aside several communications, which 
will appear in our next volume. 
The following table will sko'v the extent of our pre¬ 
sent circulation. 
States and Territories. No. of Pubscribers. 
Post-Offices. 
New-York,. 
.. 3.341 
762 
Virginia,. 
402 
Connecticut,. 
.. 1,135 
161 
Massachusetts,. 
.. 952 
199 
Maryland,. 
.. 754 
123 
Pennsylvania,. 
189 
New-Jersey,. 
621 
125 
Ohio,. 
.. 578 
156 
Vermont,. 
Illinois,. 
.. 563 
109 
.. 424 
118 
Indiana,. 
69 
Kentucky,... 
.. 288 
63 
Georgia,. 
49 
Tennessee,. 
New-Hampshire,. 
58 
.. 210 
50 
North-Carolina,. 
196 
61 
Michigan,. 
.. 194 
62 
Missouri,. 
147 
86 
South-Carol ina,. 
.. 135 
46 
Rhode-Island,. 
.. 106 
20 
Delaware,. 
88 
19 
District of Columbia, .... 
Wisconsin,. 
78 
3 
77 
21 
Alabama,. 
Iowa Territory,. 
70 
28' 
35 
11 
Mississippi,... 
25 
10 
Louisiana,. 
16 
4 
Maine,. 
12 
Florida,. 
3 
4rkansas,. 
4 
4 
British Provinces,. 
.. 147 
51 
Texas,. 
1 
Horticultural 
Coat of Arms. 
The Horticultural Society of the Valley of the Hud¬ 
son, held a meeting last September, in Niblo’s Garden, 
in New-York. 
The display of Plums, Peaches, Nectarines, Melons, 
Filberts, Pears, Grapes, h.c. 8>tc. were the most choice 
and inviting. The exhibit of flowers, particularly 
Dahlias, was truly gorgeous; and the show of vegeta¬ 
bles fine. The most conspicuous contributors to the 
exhibition were, Dr. Torry, Messrs. Prince, Hogg and 
others, of New-York; Perry, of Brooklyn; Downing, 
of Newburgh; Holbrook and Kneeland, of Hyde-Park; 
Mrs. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Buel, Dennison and Wil¬ 
son, of Albany; Strahan, of Halfmoon ; A. P. Heart, 
of Troy, and Mr. Alexander Walsh, of Lansingburgh. 
The part of the latter gentleman is thus noticed in the 
N. Y. Commercial Advertiser:'— 
“ The gentleman whose contributions are most exten¬ 
sive and various, is Alexander Walsh, and to his taste 
the society is indebted for a very appropriate and 
beautiful ornament at the head of the Saloon. It is 
what Mr. Walsh has fitly denominated the Horticultu¬ 
rists’ Coat of Arms, forming a pyramid twenty-four 
feet high, constructed entirely of instruments of horti¬ 
culture. A thermometer, handsomely decorated, is 
placed in the centre, with the motto, ‘Science directs 
our operations.’ The spade, rake, hoe, &c. &c., co¬ 
vered with a wreath of evergreens, and decorated with 
a superb variety of dahlias, rare exotics, and native 
flowers, form the frame work of this fanciful device. 
From the most prominent parts of the structure, are 
suspended teazles, madder-root, woad, sumac, perennial 
flax, &c.; all produced by Mr. Walsh, emblematical of 
the aid horticulture affords to manufactures. The silk 
business is fully represented by the eggs*, reeled silk^ 
and a tasteful display of the cocoons, and wreaths of 
silk moth. Near the centre, the grape, and that which 
maketh the heart glad, corn, wine, and oil, are justly 
represented. The pedestal and platform, some 40 feet 
long, is loaded with some fifteen or twenty varieties of 
plums, also apples, pears, filberts, a profusion of choice 
and rare vegetables, a diminutive bee hive, and a sun¬ 
dial. On the right, a little raised from the pedestal, are 
placed a variety of rural engravings. Copies of the 
New-York, New-England, Michigan, and Genesee Far¬ 
mers, the Cultivator, Boston Horticultural Register, 
Gardeners’ Magazine, London Horticultural Register, 
Robert Mudaie’s Botanic Annual, and other publications, 
fully to complete the Gardener’s Budget, have likewise 
been placed upon the table. The whole furnishing a 
beautiful illustration of Mr. Y/alsh’s motto, which is— 
“ Son utile ainda que briconda." 
“ I am useful, even when sportive.” 
“ The annual discourse* was delivered by William 
Emmerson, Esq. and was such a production as might 
have been justly expected from the elegant scholar¬ 
ship and high attainments of the speaker.” 
We have endeavored to gratify the readers of the 
Cultivator, by a faithful representation of the Horti¬ 
culturists' Coat of Arms; (see engraving in front of 
the volume.) The wood cut represents the entire py¬ 
ramid and pedestal, but not the platform, which was 
too extensive for our page, and not altogether connected 
with the Coat of Arms. It was a neat, showy structure, 
which added much to the general effect in the Saloon. 
The centre shows the gardener’s tools; on the right is 
the library for the improvement of his art; and on the 
left the plentiful fruits of his labors. 
We should be pleased to see a steel engraving in 
some of our Annuals, giving the entire of this unique 
and singularly attractive device. We have presented 
a memorial of the principal part; a drawing of the 
whole we can furnish. 
Comparison of the Temperature of November 
1833, and November 1839, 
Deduced ftom observations made at the Albany Academy. 
Nov. 183S. 
Nov. 1839. 
Temperature of 1st half month 
41.20 
39.20 
Temperature of 2d half month, 
28.29 
32.71 
Temperature of the month, .. 
34.74 
35.95 
Highest degree,. 
60. 
56. 
Lowest degree,. 
1. 
13. 
Monthly range,. 
59. 
43. 
No. clear days,. 
17* 
16 
No. cloudy days,. 
12* 
14 
No. of days rain fell,. 
6 
5 
No. pf days snow fell,. 
3 
2 
Rain and snow,. 
Rain gauge, inches,. 
3.55 
2.95 
Winds —North, (days,)...... 
2 
4ft 
Northeast,. 
n 
2 
East,. 
& 
1 
Southeast,. 
i 
1ft 
South,. 
6ft 
7 
Southwest,. 
4ft 
2 
West,. 
ft 
1ft 
Northwest, . 
' 13ft 
10ft 
Judge Duel’s Address, 
To the Agricultural Institute of New-London and Wind¬ 
ham Counties. 
Gentlemen —Farmers and Mechanics form the great 
body of our population. Their influence upon public 
manners and morals is consequently great. Their la¬ 
bors constitute the principal source of our wealth.— 
They are to the community what the body is to the ani¬ 
mal syslem—the seat of nourishment, of vigor, and of 
life. Though reciprocally beneficial to each other, the 
limbs would perish without the support of the body, 
while the body could live without the aid of the limbs. 
So in society, the different professions are reciprocally 
beneficial to each—they are all necessary to social and 
refined life ; yet they are not all equally important to 
our well being. We might better spare a limb than to 
suffer the body, upon which all the limbs are dependant 
for life, to sicken and die. Productive labor, then, be¬ 
ing the great fountain of wealth, and the source of moral 
health to the body politic, it should be fostered and ho¬ 
nored, that it may more abound; and it should be en¬ 
lightened, that it may better subserve its high purposes 
to society. 
It must be apparent to all who can carry back their 
recollections to the commencement of the present cen¬ 
tury, that the useful arts have been undergoing, and are 
continually undergoing, rapid and wonderful changes in 
* We should be pleased to have a copy of this address 
■for publication.— Cond. Cull. 
