76 
THE CULTIVATOR 
CATTLE SHOW AND FAIR 
Of the N. Y. S. Ag. Society, to be held at Rochester, Sep¬ 
tember I9j 20 and 21. 
List of Premiums for 1843* 
I. BULLS —Three years old and over. 
For the best,-. $20 j For the third best,.$8 
For the second best, ••••"• 12 j For the fourth best■ 
Copy of the N. Y. S. Ag. Soc. Transactions. 
II. BULLS —Two years old and under three. 
For the best,. I For the third best,. $5 
For the second best,. 10 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
III. BULLS— One year old and under two. 
For the best,. | For the third best,. $4 
For the second best,. 10 j For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
IV. BULL CALVES. 
For the best,.$10 I For the third best,. $4 
For the second best,. 6 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
V. COWS— Three years old and over. 
For the best,. $20 [For the third best,. $8 
For the second best,. 12 | For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
VI. HEIFERS —Two years old and under three. 
For the best,. $12 I For the third best,.$6 
For the second best,. 8 ] For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
VII. HEIFERS— One year old and under two. 
For the best,. $10] For the second best,. $5 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
VIII. HEIFER CALVES. 
For the best,. $8 ] For the second best,. $6 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
IX. Cows —Cross between the native and improved breeds. 
For the best,. $12 | For the third best. 
For the second best. 
9 I For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
X. HEIFERS —Cross between the native and improved breeds, be¬ 
tween two and three years old. 
For the best,. $10 | For the third best,.$6 
For the second best,. 7 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
XI. HEIFERS —Cross between the native and improved breeds, 
over one and under two years old. 
For the best,. $10 1 For the second best, . 5$ 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
XII. COWS —Native breed, (not having any imported blood.) 
For the best,. $10 | For the third best,. $5 
For the second best, . 8 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
XIII. HEIFERS —Native breeds between two and three years old. 
For the best,. $>0 1 For the second best,. $5 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
XIV. DAIRY COWS—0/ any breed. 
For the best dairy cow, from which shall have been produced in 
thirty successive days, the greatest quantity of butter—qual¬ 
ity as well as quantity considered—which shall be exhibited 
at the time,. $15 | For the third best,. $5 
For the second best, •••••• 10 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
No premium will be awarded unless an accurate statement 
of the manner of feeding the cow, management of the milk, 
and method of making the butter, the time it was made, the 
breed of the cow, if known, the time after calving—the cow as 
well as the butter to be exhibited at the time, with certificates 
from the person or persons who milked and managed the cream, 
and churned the butter. 
WORKING OXEN— Over four y ears old. 
For the best pair, . $15 | For the third best,. $5 
For the second best, . 10 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
STEERS —Three years old. 
For the best pair,. $I0 | For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
In awarding these premiums, particular reference will be had 
to the close matching, excellent training, and docility of the 
animals, as well as their general good appearance. 
FAT CATTLE. 
For the best fat ox, cow or I For the second best,. 12 
steer,... $30 1 For the third best, vol. Trans. 
FAT SHEEP. 
For the best wether,. $10 | For the second best,. $6 
For the third best, volume of Transactions. 
Applicants for the premiums on fat cattle and sheep must 
furnish a statement of the manner of feeding the animal, the 
kind, quantity and cost of food, to entitle them to premiums. 
ON HORSES —Over four years old. 
For the best stallion,. $20 
For the second best,. 12 
For the third best,. 8 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
For best pair of matched horses, $15 
For the second best,. $10 1 For the fourth best 
For the third best,. 5 1 Transactions. 
Three year old Studs and Mares 
Best breeding mare& colt, $20 
For the second best,. 12 
For the third best,. 8 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
volume of 
For the best stud. 
For the second best. 
vol. Trans. 
For the best mare,. $10 
For the second best, .. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
For the third best, , _ , , . 
A variety of horses possessing size, strength and endurance 
for field labor, combined with that action which qualifies for 
the carriage or saddle; in short, the horse of all work, is pro¬ 
bably the most profitable class which our farmers can now en¬ 
gage in rearing, and to such, therefore, will the preference of 
the Society he given. _ 
SWINE —Over ten mnnths old. 
For the best boar,. $10 1 Best breeding sow,. $10 
For the second best,------ 8 | For the second best,. 8 
For the third best,. 6 1 For the third best,. . 6 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 1 For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
In awarding premiums on hogs, reference will not be had 
exclusively to size or to present condition, but to that form and 
that proportion of bone and offal to more valuable parts, which 
promises the greatest value from the least amount of feed. 
SHEEP—1 
For the best buck,. $10 
For the second best,. 8 
For the third best,. 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
Long Wooled. 
For best pen of 3 ewes,- 
For the second best,---- 
For the third best,.. 
For the fourth best, vol. 
For the best pen of 5 lambs, $5. 
II. Middle Wooled. 
•• $10 
8 
5 
Trans. 
For the best buck,. $10 
For the second best,. 8 
For the third best, • • • • — 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
For the best pen of 5 lambs, 
III. Fine Wooled. 
For best pen of 3 ewes, •• $10 
For the second best,. 8 
For the third best,. 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
For the best buck,. $10 
For the second best,. 8 
For the third best, . 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
For the best pen of 6 lambs, ijo. 
The term “ long wooled ” is designed to include the Lcices 
For best pen of 3 ewes, ■ 
For the second best,--- 
For the third best,. 
For the fourth best, vol. 
8 
- • 5 
Trans. 
ters, Lincolns, Cotswolds, and all the English varieties of 
sheep which furnish the qnality of wool suitable for combing— 
the “ middle wooled,” the South Down, the Norfolk, Dorset, 
Cheviot, native, &c. The “fine wooled,” the Spanish and 
Saxon varieties of the Merino and some of their crosses. 
FARM IMPLEMENTS. 
Best threshing machine, - - $20 
For the second best,. 10 
For the third best, 2 vols. Tr. 
For the best horse rake, - • 8 
For the second best,. 6 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
Best fanning mill,. s 
For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
For the best straw cutter, 8 
For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
Best Improved ox yoke, -- 6 
For the second best, vol. Tr. 
For the best plow. 
For the second best,. 30 
For the third best,. 20 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
For the best subsoil plow, 20 
_ . . . g 
For the best harrow, 
For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
For the best cultivator, -- 8 
For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
For best grain & seed drill, 8 
For the second best,. 5 
For the third best, vol. Trans. 
Implements not presenting any new and valuable improve¬ 
ments will not be entitled to premiums. Implements and ma¬ 
chines must be tested as far as possible, in the presence of the 
committee. - 
BUTTER AND CHEESE. 
For best sample of butter, 
not less than 80 pounds, $20 
The second best,. 12 
The third best, 2 vols. Trans. 
For best sample of cheese, 
not less than 100 lbs., -- 
The second best,. 12 
The third best, 2 vols. Trans. 
The butter offered for premiums must be presented in butter 
tubs, jars or firkins. 
The claimants for premiums on butter, must state in writing 
the time when it was made; the number of cows kept on the 
farm: the mode of keeping; the treatment of the cream and 
milk before churning ; the mode of churning, winter and sum¬ 
mer ; the method of freeing the butter from the milk; the 
quantity and kind of salt used : whether saltpetre or any other 
substances have been employed. 
Those who present cheese for the premiums offered, must 
state in writing the time when it was made; the number of 
cows kept; whether the cheese is made from one, two or more 
milkings; whether any addition is made of cream; the quantity 
and kind of salt used; the quantity of rennet used, and the 
mode of preparing it; the mode of pressure, and the treatment 
of the cheese afterwards. 
MAPLE SUGAR—50 POUNDS. 
The best specimen,. $15 I The third best,. $5 
The second best,. 10 | The fourth best, vol. Trans. 
Applicants for the premiums on maple sugar will be required 
to furnish a statement of the manner of making and clarifying 
the sugar. - 
CORNSTALK SUGAR. 
For the best experiment in the manufacture of sugar from 
cornstalks, from one acre of northern corn cultivated for the 
purpose, and the juice extracted by iron rollers so as to obtain 
the maximum quantity of sugar; with a full account of the 
process and expenses,. $100-00 
ON SILK. 
Best half bushel cocoons, $15 
For the second best,. 10 
For the third best,. 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
Best pound of reeled silk, - 15 
For the second best,. 10 
SILK 
For the best,. $10 
DOMESTIC 
Best pr. woolen blankets. 
Best 10 y d’s of flannel, - - - - 
Best 12 yd’s J woolen cloth 
Best 15 y’ds wool carpet,- 
Best do’ble carpet coverlet 
Best ten yards linen, ------ 
Best 12 yards linen diaper. 
For the third best,------- $5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
Best specim’nmanuf. silk, 15 
For the second best,. 10 
For the third best,. 5 
For the fourth best, vol. Trans. 
LEEL. 
For the sec’d best, vol. Trans. 
MANUFACTURES. 
For the best hearth rug,-- 
Best 12 yards Kersey,---- 
Best 15 yards rag carpet,- 
Best 15 yards tow cloth, - - 
Best pound sewing thread. 
Best pair knit stockings,-- 
Best pair wove stockings,- 
For 6 best stalks Celery, 
3 best heads Cauliflower, • 
3 best heads Broccoli, - -- - 
12 best white table turneps 
For the 12 best Carrots, - - 
For the 12 best table Beets 
For the 12 best Parsneps,- 
For the 12 best Onions, - -- 
3 best heads of Cabbage,-- 
For the LJ best Tomatoes, 
ON VEGETABLES. 
2 best purple egg plants, - - 
Best h’f peck Lima beans, - 
Best h’f peck Windsor do. 
Best bunch double parsley 
For the 3 best Squashes, -- 
For the largest Pumpkin, - 
12 best ears seed corn, - - - - 
Best h’f p’k table potatoes. 
For the 2d best half peck 
table potatoes, . 
$1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
Best variety Seedling Potatoes, 
Discretionary premiums will be awarded on choice garden 
products not enumerated above. 
ON FRUITS. 
For the greatest variety of table Apples, $5. 
For the second greatest,-- $3 | For the third greatest, vol. Tr. 
For the best twelve sorts, not less than three of each, $3. 
Best new Seedling Apple, $5. 
For the greatest variety of table pears. 
For the 
For the 
For the 
For the 
For the 
For the 
For the 
second greatest, 
greatest variety of Winter Pears, - 
best twelve Quinces,. 
best twelve Peaches,. 
best twenty-four Plums,. 
best six bunches of native Grapes, 
best six bunches of foreign Grapes, 
Vol. Transactions. 
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ON FLOWERS. 
For the greatest variety and quantity, $5. 
For the second greatest, - - $3 ] For the third greatest, vol. Tr. 
For the best Floral Ornament, $5. 
For the second best,. $3 | For the third best, vol. Trans. 
For the best S’dl’g Dahlia, $3 1 For the second best,. $2 
For the best twenty-five varieties of Dahlias, $5. 
For the second best,. $3 | For the third best, vol. Trans. 
PLOWING MATCH. 
Firstpremium,. $15 I Third premium,.- --•- $5 
Second premium,. 10 1 Fourth premium, vol. Trans. 
Each competitor will be required to plow one-fourth ot an 
acre of sward land in 75 minutes; the furrows not to be less 
than 12 inches wide and 6 deep—plowman to drive his team. 
FIELD CROPS.—(At the Winter Meeting.) 
Best crop of wheat,not less The third best, 2 vols. Trans. 
than two acres,. $15 Best crop Indian corn, not 
The second best,. 10 less than 2 acres,. $15 
The third best, 2 vols. Trans. The second best,. 10 
Best 2 acres spring wheat, 15 The third best two vols. Trans. 
The second best,. 10 
For the best crop of Barley, not less than two acres, $10. 
The second best,.- $6 | The third best, vol. Trans. 
For the best crop of Rye, not less than, two acres, $10. 
The second best, $5 | The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Oats, not less than two acres, $fo. 
The second best,. $5 1 The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Potatoes for the table, not less than 
one acre,. $10 
The second best,. $5 | The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Potatoes, quantity considered, not less 
than one acre,. $10 
The second best, ---• . $5 ( The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Sugar Beets, not less than half an acre, $10 
The second best,. $5 ] The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Mangel Wurzel, not less than half an 
acre,. $10 
The second best,. $6 | The third best, volume Trans. 
For the best crop of Ruta Baga, not less than one acre, .$ 10 . 
The second best,-. $5 | The third best, volume Trans. 
The best crop of Carrots, not less than one acre, $10. 
The second best,. $5 1 The third best, volume Trans. 
The best crop of Peas, not less than one acre, $10. 
The second best,. $5 | The third best, volume Trans. 
Those who present claims to prerniums for farm crops, must 
state in writing the following particulars:—The condition of 
the soil at the commencement of cultivation for the crop; the 
previous crop and cultivation, and quantity of manure used 
upon it; the quantity and kind of manure the present season; 
the quantity and sort of seed used; the time and manner of 
sowing, cleaning, and harvesting the crop; the amount of the 
crop determined by actual weight or measurement; and the ex¬ 
pense of cultivation. The land shall be measured by some sworn 
surveyor, and the claimant of the premium, with two other 
persons who assisted in measuring, shall certify under oath as 
to the quantity produced from the piece of land mentioned in 
the certificate of the surveyor. 
ESSAYS. 
(For publication in the next volume of Transactions.) 
For the best essay on the different varieties of wheat,. $20 
For the best essay on the diseases and insects injurious to 
the wheat crop,. 20 
For the best essay on subsoil plowing; with the results of 
actual experiments in the State of New-York,. 20 
For the best essay on the introduction and culture of new 
agricultural products,.. 20 
For the best essay on the diseases of silk worms in this cli¬ 
mate, and the means of prevention and cure,. 20 
DISCRETIONARY PREMIUMS 
Will be awarded for such implements and products not enu¬ 
merated above, as shall be deemed worthy of notice and en¬ 
couragement. — 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
Applicants for premiums are requested to pay particular at¬ 
tention to the notes attached to the premiums on Dairy Cows, 
Fat Cattle and Fat Sheep, Butter and Cheese, Field Crops, and 
Sugar. 
The statements required from those w'ho compete for field 
crops, must he sent to the Recording Secretary, Albany, previ¬ 
ous to the 1st of January, 1844, and the premiums will be award¬ 
ed at the annual meeting of the Society, on the third Wednesday 
of January. 
All premiums will be paid in cash or plate, at the option of 
the winners. 
The premiums for Essays and for Agricultural Iniplements, 
will be open to the United States ; but all others will be con¬ 
fined to residents of this state, w'hoare members of this Society, 
or who may become so by the payment of one dollar on entering 
their articles. 
Competitors for the premiums on Essays, must forward their 
manuscripts to the Recording Secretary, at Albany, previous to 
the 1st of January, 1844, free of postage. 
O’Particular rules and regulations of the exhibition, toge¬ 
ther with the list of awarding committees, will be published 
hereafter. 
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIAN CORN. 
Fohei&n chemists have furnished us with the analysis 
of most of the articles used as food, but no analysis of 
maize has yet appeared; and to Americans, there is no 
substance of which an accurate analysis has been more 
desired. This has now been done by Dr. Dana for the 
New-England Farmer; and for the purpose of compari¬ 
son, ruta bagas and potatoes added. The great difference 
of what Dr. Dana calls the fat forming principles in 
favor of corn, will excite but little surprise in those who 
have witnessed the effects of the several substances on 
animals, and will go far to establish the position as¬ 
sumed by Payen and Bousslngault, (for which see an¬ 
other part of this No.,) that plants are valuable for giv¬ 
ing fat to animals, only in proportion to the vegetable 
oils ready formed such plants contain. Now corn is 
known to be one of the richest in oil, and as a natural 
consequence should possess the most active fattening 
powers. We copy the table of Dr. Dana from the N. E. 
Farmer. 
100 lbs. oj Corn. Euta Baga. Potatoes. 
fresh dug. fresh dug. 
Contain of flesh forming principles : 
Gluten, albumen, &c.,. 
Fat forming principles; gum, starch, 
sugar, woody fibre, oil, &c.,. 
Water,. 
Salts,.. 
COST OF KEEPING HORSES. 
1-26 
1- 
2-07 
88-43 
13- 
24-34 
9- 
86- 
72- 
1-31 
1- 
1-39 
The city weigher of Boston has furnished the Massa¬ 
chusetts Plowman the following table of the quantity of 
hay, straw and grain used at the city stables during the 
year 1841, for 49 horses. Such tables are useful, as 
placing the great points of expense in a clear light. 
Common farmers are not generally able to ascertain the 
actual cost of keeping animals; but where all the food 
is purchased, and accurate accounts rendered, the diffi¬ 
culty does not exist. It appears to us that the expense 
per week is slightly greater than has been made in some 
former reports. , . , . e,, ’vov ao 
Hay, 186,267 lbs., which cost. $1,787 63 
Straw, 24,850 « » . 133 15 
Meal, 3,500 bushels, at 75 cents,. 2,520 00 
Oats, 1,555 “ 50 » m .50 
$5,218 28 
Averaging for each horse per week: 
Hay,. 
Grain about . 2 bushels. 
Cost per week of keeping each horse, .$2,04 4-5, or 
about 29i cents per day. 
73 
]0| 
lbs. 
CC 
