A CONSOLIDATION OF DUEL’S CULTIVATOR AND THE GENESEE FARMER. 
Cult. Vol. X.—No. 6. 
ALBANY, N. Y., JUNE, 1843. 
Cult. & Far. Vol. IV.—No. 6. 
PUBLISHED MONTHLY. 
GAYLORD Sc. TUCKER, EDITORS. 
LUTHER TUCKER, PROPRIETOR. 
Office, No. 20 Market-street, Albany. 
OFFICE IN NEW-YOEK CITY, AT 
M. H. NEWMAN'S BOOKSTORE, No. 199 BROADWAY, 
where single numbers, or complete setts of the back volumes, 
can always be obtained. 
One Dollar per annum—Six Copies for $5. 
(PAYABLE ALWAYS IN ADVANCE.) 
20 per cent commission on 25 or more subscribers, and 
26 per cent commission on 100 or more. 
Subscriptions to commence with a volume ; arid the money 
to De sent free of postage. 
THE BACK VOLUMES OF THE CULTIVATOR, 
Handsomely stitched in printed covers, 
Can be furnished to new subscribers—Vols. I. 11. III. IV. at 60 
cents each, and Vols. V. VI. VII. VIII.IX. at $1. each. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
“TO IMPEOVE THE SOIL AND THE MIND.” 
Agency for the Cultivator in London. —Orders 
and advertisements for “ 'The Cultivator,"are received in 
London, by P. L. Simmonds, Foreign Newspaper Agent, 
Agricultural Agency Office, 18 Cornhiil, opposite the 
Royal Exchange. 
MONTHLY NOTICES. 
Communications have been received since our last, from 
Martha, Geo. Allen, (sent to T. B. W.) J. N. Smith, A. 
R. M’Cord, Geo.Woodfln, Geo. F. Baltzell, J. G.Wheeler, 
W. H. Sotbam, L. F. Allen, Isaaac Hinckley, V., T. R. 
Hussey, A. R. D., G. Butler, David Palmer, E. Hubbard, 
S. B., Wm. Cline, J. R. Speed, R. L. Pell, M. R. H. 
Garnett, T. M. Niven, Connecticut Boy, S. E. Todd, A. 
S., A. Petrie, A Friend to Real Improvement, J. M. 
Johnson. 
Mr. Niven’s description and drawing of his Fil¬ 
tering Cistern, shall have a place in our next. We shall 
be greatly obliged if Mr. N. will favor us with a de¬ 
scription and the necessary drawings of the dog power 
churns used in Orange county. 
{!i^=>The letter of L. F. Allen, Esq., to the Recording 
Secretary of the State Ag. Society^, was forwarded to the 
Committee having the matters to which it referred in 
chaige. 
(JC^^The communication of J. R. Speed, Esq. with the 
accompanying engraving, shall have a place in our next, it 
having come too late for a suitable place in this number. 
We hope to see the animal itself at the State Fair at Ro¬ 
chester. 
0#^ We are indebted to Geo. F. Baltzell, Esq., Apa¬ 
lachicola, Florida, for a quantity of melon seeds, of vari- 
ties which have proved very superior in that vicinity, 
“ Watermelons of this kind,” he says, “ have been raised, 
weighing 60 lbs., and are peculiarly sweet and mellow 
to the taste.” We shall give them a fair trial, and report 
on their merits in this climate. Also to D. A. Bulkley 
for seeds of a large pumpkin, grown in Illinois the last 
season, which weighed 166 lbs. 
The Bassano Beet, mentioned in our April no. 
was introduced into this country, by M. B. Bateham 
Esq. Editor of the New Genesee Farmer, to whom we 
are under obligations for a paper of the seed. 
P. F. W.,ColumUa, Pa —The no. requested was duly 
forwarded. Please “ write,” and we will pay the postage. 
J. G. W—The price of Hussey’s Corn and Cob Crush¬ 
er, is $35—of Baldwin’s, $65. For descriptions of both 
these machines, see Cultivator for Jan., p. 19. They 
would not, we imagine, answer to grind plaster. 
Colman’s Tour. —We shall be happy to receive sub¬ 
scriptions for this work. It will be published in Boston, 
A. D. Phelps, Mr. C.’s agent, to whom any commu¬ 
nications for Mr. Colman, may be addressed during his 
absence. 
Covering Seeds with Straw, Leaves, &c _Ex¬ 
tra! of a letter from S. Weller, Esq., Brinkleyville, N. 
C., to the Editors of the Cultivator:—“I have just learn¬ 
ed from a most respectable source, that my system of 
surface covering of small grain, with pine straw and 
6 
other litter, to insure a good crop, with the additional 
one of clover, on ground that would otherwise probably 
fail, is practiced with the happiest results, by some of 
the best farmers in the state of Virginia; and that one 
in particular, accounted second to none in agricultural 
improvement and skill in farming, covers his small grain 
often a foot thick with straw or other litter, and finds 
himself most amply compensated in yield of crops and 
improvement of land, for his trouble in so doing.” 
Specimens of Wool. —We have received from M. 
R. Cockrell, Esq. near Nashville, Tenn., some speci¬ 
mens of wool from his fiock of Saxony sheep, of a very- 
fine quality. Also specimens from his long-wooled sheep, 
which we think it would be difficult for our northern 
flock masters to match. [T. D. will write to Mr. C.] 
The editor of the American Farmer, is mistaken in 
supposing that the Legislature of this state have with¬ 
drawn their aid to the New-York State or County Ag. So¬ 
cieties. The appropriation was originally for five years, 
but two of which have passed. The hill introduced at 
the late session of the Legislature, was intended to make 
the appropriation permanent; but this was not deemed ne¬ 
cessary at this earl}- day. 
The seventh number of Carey & Hart’s edition 
of the Farmer's Encyclopedia, has been received. It is 
accompanied by a handsome plate of the principal Seed 
Drills used in England. Will the publishers please send 
us the 6th no. which has not come to hand? 
The Northern Light _'Bhis valuable work has 
just entered its third vol. under the principal editorial 
direction of A. B. Street, Esq., a gentleman eminently 
qualified for the duty. The first number of the new vol. 
is one of unusual interest. It contains original papers 
from Dr. T. R. Beck, C. N. Bement, Dr. E. B. O'Calli- 
gan, Messrs. A. B. Street, S. S. Randall, E. G. Squier, 
the late Cicero Loveridge, and others. I' is printed in 
the same form any siyle as the Cultivator, and at the same 
price. Address “ Editors of the Northern Light, Al¬ 
bany.” 
The April no. of the “ Medico-Chirurgical Review, 
and Journal of Practical Medicine,” published in Lon¬ 
don, has been promptly issued by R. & G. S. Wood, New- 
York, by whom it is regularly re-published, at $5,00 per 
annum. 
Blackwood’s Magazine — We are indebted to the 
publishers of the “ New World,” fortheir cheap re-print 
of this well known monthly. Having received a copy of 
the May no. in advance of its publication at home, by 
the Great Western, it was issued in New-Y'ork only fif¬ 
teen days after its publication in London. The leading- 
article in the April no. is an able review of the first vol. 
of Stephen’s “Book of the Farm,” now publishing in 
Edinburgh, in monthly parts. This re-print of the Ma¬ 
gazine entire, is afforded at the low price of $2,00 a year, 
making it, as the publishers truly say, “ the cheapest ma¬ 
gazine in the world.” 
“ The True Genesee Farmer” has been discontinued, 
and its subscription transferred to the “New Genesee 
Farmer,” which has been reduced in size and price one- 
half. M. B. Bateham, Esq., succeeds Mr. Colman as 
editor. 
The notice of the Farmer's Club of Wilmington, 
in the Cultivator for May, should have been credited to 
the Delaware RepuUiean, instead of Gazette. 
The Cut Worm. —The Germantown Telegraph states 
that Mr. Isaac Newton of Delaware co.. Pa., has dis¬ 
covered what is considered a certain remedy for the ra¬ 
vages of the cut worm. He has tried it several seasons, 
and in all cases with entire success. It is simply by mix¬ 
ing fine salt with plaster, in the proportion of one quart 
of salt to four quarts of plaster, and applying it to the 
corn after it has come up. Care must be taken not to 
sprinkle the plant itself with the mixture. 
Young Men —One of the most favorable “signs of 
the times” is to be found in the desire which is begin¬ 
ning to be manifested by many young men of education 
and wealth, to engage in agricultural pursuits instead of 
pressing into the already overfilled ranks of the mercan¬ 
tile and “ learned” professions. The following extract 
is from a letter of a New-York merchant, who had ap¬ 
plied to us to aiil him in finding a place for his two sons 
with an intelligent practical farmer, where (hey could 
qualify themselves to manage a farm to advantage. He 
says, and trulj-, that “ it is desirable for the public good 
and for the progress of agricultural science, that young 
men of education and respectability should, in place of 
crowding into large cities to li ve under constant excite¬ 
ment, and to waste their lives in (Ireams of affluence, de¬ 
vote themselves to agriculture, the noblest of all occupa¬ 
tions — in pursuing which they may live in tranquil en¬ 
joyment—cultivating the intellectual and immortal spirit. 
This would raise up a class of well-informed farmers— 
the true nobility of the country.” 
Farnham’s Tour across the Rocky Mountains.— 
This publication, from the press of the Tribune, is one 
of the most interesting books of the season. We allude 
to it again, for the purpose of giving the following, as 
showing in connection with preceding passages, the 
immense numbers of buffalo that still exist on the plains 
of the west. The scene was on the Arkansas river, a 
little below where it escapes from the mountains: “ The 
buffalo during the last three da 5 -s had covered the whole 
country so completely, that it oftentimes appeared ex¬ 
tremely dangerous, even for the immense cavalcade of 
the Santa Fe traders, to attempt to break its way through 
them. We travelled at the rate of fifteen mil^ a day. 
The length of sight on either side of the trail fifteen miles; 
on both sides thirty miles: thus a space of some forty- 
five miles in length by thirty in breadth, or 1,350 square 
miles of country,was so thicldy covered with these noble 
animals, that when viewed from a height, it scarcely 
afforded a sight of a square league of i(s surface. What 
a quantity of food for the sustenance of the Indian, and 
the white pilgrim of these plains!” Some butchers were 
present in the caravan, and they agreed, “ that many of 
the large bulls would weigh 3,000 pounds and upwards; 
and that as a general rule, the buffalo were much larger 
and heavier than the domesticated cattle of the States.” 
MILK AND RAILROADS. 
There is scarcely an article that can be named so essen¬ 
tial to the health and comfort of families as milk, and it 
is believed there is no one in which more gross im¬ 
positions have in many cases been practiced on the con¬ 
sumer. The accoi.m given by Mr. Colman of the milk 
used in New-York, cannot be pronounced an exaggera¬ 
tion ; and we linow no good reason why that account 
should be appl’cable to that ci(y alone. But a brighter 
liay is dawning on the dwellers in cities, so far as milk is' 
concerned; and the venders of swill slop, cold water, 
and artificial milks, are finding-their occupations serious¬ 
ly eniiangered. This is being brought about in a great 
degree by the influence of railroads, which, spreading a 
network over the countiy, and cenlering in the cities, 
bring the farmer or ilairyman residing 50 miles from the 
city within a fevv hours ride, and enable him to offer his 
products in the best possible condition for competition. 
'I'his effect was first extensively felt in Boston, in the re¬ 
duction of the price and bettering the quality of milk, 
though that oily bad never been condenined to use such 
scandalqus stuff' as was sold in some other places for 
milk. At the present time a large portion of the milk 
used in that city is received by the railroad from coun¬ 
try dairies. The same beneficial results are beginning to 
be felt in New-York, much to the annoyance, as we ga¬ 
ther from the newspapers, of the amateurs of artificial 
milk in the metropolis. By the New-York and Erie rail¬ 
road the milk of the cows fed on the sweet pastures of 
Orange, and the rich dairies of Ulster, are brought with¬ 
in four or five hours of New-Y'ork, and the milk business 
is becoming extensive and profitable. As was expected, 
a spirit of rivalry has been called out among the old 
milkmen against their new competitors, and some in¬ 
sinuated that the Orange milk could not be kept sweet so 
long, unless some deleterious chemical preparation was 
added. The following account given by an Orange Co. 
farmer, of the manner in which their milk is sent to 
market, satisfactorily accounts for its keeping so well, 
since pure milk, quickly cooled and kept at a low tempera¬ 
ture, will be sweet for a long time, even in warm wea¬ 
ther : 
The cows are milked early in the morning at Goshen 
and its vicinity,lhe milk put into cans containing from 
60 to 75 quarts, into which a tin lube filled with ice is 
inserted, and stirred until the animal heat is expelled from 
the milk. It is then sent by the railroad, and arrives, a 
distance of 80 miles, at the milk depots (which are nu¬ 
merous in the city,) in four and a half hours. The tube 
filled with ice is again inserted, and the milk thus kept 
cool and sweet until sold. It can be afforded to the pub¬ 
lic at four cents per quart, of which the farmer gets two 
cents per quart and is well satisfied, as it yields more than 
butter at 25 cents per pound. 
When we recollectthe vast influence which this method 
of supplying milk to cities has on their health and ex¬ 
penditures, and the advantages it affords farmers of an 
easy and profitable mode of disposing of this part of their 
produce, the mutual benefits of quick and certain modes 
of communication between the city and country become 
strikingly apparent. 
