150 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
(©arlren anb tlje ©rdiarJr. 
SIX REASONS FOR PLANTING AN ORCHARD. 
1. It will make home pleasant. 2. It will remove 
from your chiklren one of the strongest temptations to 
steal. 3. It-will make your family love their home. 
4. It will, by the comfort produced, create a feeling of 
gratitude to the Giver of all good. 5. It will prove a 
valuable inheritance to your children. 6. It shows a 
willingness to avail yourself of the means of happiness a 
kind Providence has placed within your reach. 
The Mayduke Cherry. 
FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS 
Of Fim Varieties of Cherry, deserving a place in every Gar¬ 
den, by A. J. DowjfiNG. 
I. Mayduke. 
Among all the new varie¬ 
ties, nothing as an early cher¬ 
ry, has been found to sup¬ 
plant the Mayduke. Before 
it is quite fit for table use, it is 
admirably adapted for cook¬ 
ing; and when fully ripe, it 
is the richest of the sub-acid 
cherries. A peculiar habit 
of this tree, that of producing 
very frequently some branch¬ 
es which ripen later ^han the 
others, considerably protracts 
the season in which its fruit 
is in use. 
Form nearly round, slight¬ 
ly flattened at both ends. Co¬ 
lor when fully ripe, a rich 
dark red. Stalk of medium 
length, inserted in a mode¬ 
rate hollow; on large trees 
the fruit grows in clusters. 
Flesh tender, melting, and 
very juicy. Flavor, pleasant 
acid, becoming richer until the fruit is over ripe. The 
tree is an abundant bearer, and is easily known by its 
firm dark colored leaves and upright habit while young. 
About New-York, the fruit reddens about the last of Ma}"^, 
and ripens during the first half of, June. 
II. Belle DE Choisy. 
(Ambree de Choisy.) 
This is a very fine va¬ 
riety, which originated at 
Choisy near Paris. The 
habit of the tree, the co¬ 
lor of the foliage, and the 
size and form of the fruit, 
resemble those of the May¬ 
duke. In the color of the 
fruit, which may be said to 
be that of cornelian, and in 
its exceedingly sweet and 
delicate flavor, it is how¬ 
ever very distinct, and it 
is certainly one of the most 
delicious dessert cherries. 
It is not generally known 
in this country, but is de¬ 
serving of extensive culti¬ 
vation, as it bears early, 
regularly and well. 
Form of the fruit nearly 
round. Color, in the shade, pale amber; in the sun min¬ 
gled with yellowish red, finely mottled. Those fully ex¬ 
posed, become bright cornelian red. Skin very thin and 
translucent, showing a net-like texture of flesh beneath. 
Flesh very tender and melting. Flavor sweet, juicy and 
sprightly. Stalk rather short, swollen in size at the up 
per end. It ripens directly after the Mayduke. 
III. Black Tartarian. 
(Circassian.) 
(Fraser's Black.) 
(Ronald s Black Heart.) 
This admirable fruit has 
already become a general fa¬ 
vorite in all our gardens; 
and for size, flavo.r and pro¬ 
ductiveness, it has no supe¬ 
rior among black cherries. 
It is a Russian and West 
Asian variety, introduced in¬ 
to England about 1796. It 
is remarkable for its rapid 
vigorous growth, and the 
erect habit of its head. 
The fruit ripens about a 
week or tea days after the 
Mayduke. 
Fruit of the largest size; 
form heart shaped, irregular 
or uneven on the surface. 
Color, bright purplish black. 
Flesh thick, (the stone be¬ 
ing proportionately small,) 
half-tender and juicy. Fla¬ 
vor very rich. The Black Tartarian Cherry. 
The Belle de Choisy Cherry 
IV. White Bigarrieu 
(Graffion.) 
(Bigarrieu Gros.) 
(Yellow Spanish of 
many Am . Gardens.) 
This well known va¬ 
riety is one of the ve¬ 
ry best of the light co¬ 
lored cherries, being 
large, very handsome, 
and an abundant bearer, 
even while the trees are 
young. The tree is one 
of the thriftiest growth, 
forming a wide spread¬ 
ing head. The leaves 
are large and broad, and 
the lateral shoots are 
almost horizontal. 
Fruit of the largest size, 
and of very fair and 
and beautiful appear¬ 
ance. Form, obtuse 
heart shaped, a little 
swollen on one side. 
Color, clear white or 
pale yellow on the sha¬ 
ded side, bordered with 
minute carmine dots, White Bigarrieu Cherry. 
deepening into bright red on the sunny side. Stalk of 
good size, inserted in a wide hollow. Flesh very firm, 
solid and juicy. Flavor moderately rich and sweet. 
Ripe the last of June. 
This is a very favorite dessert and market fruit, and is 
very generally known in the American nurseries as the 
Yellow Spanish. The true Yellow Spanish, however, is 
an oval or heart shaped yellow cherry, called also Lady 
Southampton's Yellow, which is scarcely known in this 
country. 
V. Downer’s L.ate. 
This valuable late cher¬ 
ry was i-aised by Samuel 
Downer of Dorchester, 
near Boston. It is a very 
regular and excellent 
bearer, ripens about a 
week after the cherry 
season, and hangs for 
a considerable time on 
the tree. It belongs to 
the class of tender fleshed, 
melting cherries, and de¬ 
serves extensive dissemi¬ 
nation. 
Form roundish, incli¬ 
ning to oval; the fruit me¬ 
dium size, very smooth. 
Color, bright red, mottled 
with a little amber in the 
shade. Flesh tender,melt- 
and juicy. Flavor very 
sweetand excellent. Stem 
inserted with a very slight 
depression. Fruit borne 
in clusters. Ripe about 
the 4th of July. Downer’s Late Cherry. 
Highland Horticultural N'vrseries, Newburgh, Aug 16, 1843. 
SELECT LIST OF APPLES. 
We have received a descriptive list of about 40 varie¬ 
ties of apples cultivated by A. Hampton, near Richmond, 
Wayne co. Indiana, many of which we believe will be 
new to most of our readers, and would prove valuable 
acquisitions. We have taken the liberty to omit some 
of the descriptions of those varieties Avhich are well 
known, or which have been described in Coxe, Kenrick, 
and other works. We have, hoivever, retained the names 
in the order in which they occur, as they appear to be 
placed according to the.timesof ripening, and may prove 
valuable for a comparison of climates. An apology is 
due our correspondent for the long and unexpected delay 
in the publication of his article. 
Yellow June—Juneting of Coxe. —Size small, form flat, 
color pale yellow; a pleasant eating fruit, not highly fla¬ 
vored; a good bearer; ripens in the 6th and 7th months. 
This is considered the earliest apple of our country. 
Yellow Harvest —sometimes called Prince’s Harvest — 
Commences ripening middle of 7lh month. 
JCirkbridge White.—Size medium, resembling the Yel¬ 
low Bellflower in shape; color a pale yellow; flesh 
white, tender, and breaking; not very rich, but sprightly 
and juicy; a good bearer; commences ripening about 
the middle of the 7th month, and continues for several 
weeks; the trees grow upright and strong. This vari¬ 
ety I have not seen described by any of the writers on 
fruit. 
Sweet June.—Rather below medium size; form round, 
somewhat flattened at the ends; color a pale yellow; a 
sweet apple, much admired by some; a good bearer; 
commences ripening late in the 7th month. 
Early Bed Juneting. —Last of 7th month. 
Ydlow Bough. (Sweet Bough.) —Ripens 7th and 8th 
months. 
Carolina June or Sapsonvine. (Sapson.) —Ripens from 
7th to 9th month. 
Early Red. —Over medium size; form round, somewhat 
flattened at the ends; color red, with a small portion of 
dull yellow stripes; more ailmired for its size and beauty, 
9 
than any excellence in flav'or; a saleable apple in mar¬ 
ket; the flesh being firm and rather dry, it keeps well as 
a summer apple for transportation. Ripens early part of 
8th month; a good bearer. 
Summer Queen. —Commences ripening early part of 
8th month, and continues successively for three or four 
weeks; not very productive when young; when large 
they become very fruitful. 
Red Stripe. —Size large, long shaped, pointed towards 
the blossom end; color red and yellow striped, fair and 
beautiful; the flesh brittle and juicy, well flavored, ex¬ 
cellent for cooking. It is generally considered prefera¬ 
ble to the Summer Queen, being a better bearer and ri¬ 
pening about the same time, which is the early part of 
the 8th month,—good for use through that and the next 
month. I have never seen this variety described by any of 
the writers on fruit. I obtained it from Silas Wharton’s 
nursery, near Waynesville, Ohio, upwai-ds of 25 years 
since. 
Daniel Apple. —Size below medium; form round; co¬ 
lor pale yellow, with faint red stripes and spots, gene¬ 
rally a small portion of red; it possesses great richness, 
with a sprightly, pleasant acid; soft flesh; a good bear¬ 
er; it commences ripening early part of 8ih month, and 
ripens in succession for several weeks, and keeps for use 
till late in the fall. I consider it among the best apples 
for fattening hogs and cattle. I obtained it also of S. 
Wharton; it originated near Philadelphia some 40 years 
since. 
Summer Pearmain. —Ripens early part of 8th month. 
Trenton Early or English Codlin. —A fine fruit for pies 
and stewing; the size large, the form somewhat oblong; 
the skin a bright pale yellow, with frequently a faint 
blush towards the sun; the flesh white, tender, and well 
tasted; commences ripening middle of the 8th month, and 
continues in season till late in the tenth month; a good 
bearer. 
Maiden’s Blush _Commences ripening late in the 8lh 
month. 
Wine Apple of East Jersey—Red CalvUle of Kenrick .— 
Fruit of medium size, frequently large on young trees; 
form somewhat flat; of a beautiful red color, bright red 
next the sun; flesh somewhat yellow, and of a vinous 
and sweet taste, very rich, without acid; it ripens in the 
9th month, and keeps till winter. An abundant bearer 
every other year, and at intervals frequently a middling 
crop. 
Rambo. —Ripens in autumn. 
P'all (not Holland,) Pippin. —Ripens in 10th month. 
Monstrous Pippin, or New-York Gloria Mundi. —Good 
for cooking and drying. Keeps till midwinter. 
Newtown SpHzenburg _A large round and fair apple, 
somewhat flattened at the ends; the skin a deep red, full 
of small yellow dots near the crown; the flesh is yellow, 
rich, and highly flavored; it ripens in the 10th month, 
and falls from the tree; but if properly treated will last 
for several months; a good bearer. 
Watson’s Vandevere. —A large fair apple; red and yel¬ 
low striped; form round, full at the blossom end; coarse 
grained, not very sprightly, good for cooking and drying; 
winter apple; a good bearer. 
Golden Russet, Bullock Pippin, or Sheep Nose. —Below 
medium size; skin inclined to a russet; flesh yellow, 
tender, rich, juicy and sprightly. I know of no apple 
more generally admired for its richness and excellent 
flavor than this; commanding a high price and ready 
sale in market. A great and constant bearer; keeps well 
till spring. 
Yellow Bellflower. —Keeps through winter. 
Vandevere Pippin. —The size, color, and form, resem¬ 
ble Watson’s Vandevere, except that it is more red and 
handsome, and indented at the blossom end; tolerably 
good for the dessert and for cooking, excellent for dry¬ 
ing; keeps through the winter; a good bearer. 
Rhode Island Greening _Keeps till mid-winter. 
White Pippin. —A large handsome apple; form some¬ 
what flat; color a clear pale yellow, approaching to 
white; flesh white, brittle, juicy, and well flavored; ri¬ 
pens in succession through winter; a good bearer. 
Romanstem _Middle size, form round, often a fleshy 
protuberance near the stem; the skin is rough, a pale 
yellow, with black clouds and spots; it is much admired 
for its tender, mild, juicy, soft and agreeable properties; 
the tree is handsome and very fruitful; in every respect 
worthy of extensive cultivation; keeps till spring, re¬ 
taining its excellent flavor. 
Red Winter Pennock.—Keeps through winter; subject 
to the bitter rot. 
Red Baldwin _Ripens in 11th month, and keeps till 
3d month. 
Aunt’s Apple. —^Iteeps well through winter—very fruit¬ 
ful. 
Smith Apple _Over medium size; on young trees they 
frequently grow very large; form round, even at the 
blossom end; the skin is smooth, a lively red, some with 
dull streaks of yellow, where exposed to the sun a bright 
red on every side: a pleasant table fruit, rich and juicy; 
of a yellow color; keeps well through winter; the tree 
grows upright and strong, and bears abundantly eveiy 
other )'ear. 
Michael Henry Pippin.—Keeps well through the win- 
tcr« 
Black Apple. —Ripens in 11th month, and keeps till 
late in spring. Bears very young and abundantly. 
Red or Sweet Pippin.— Keeps well till late in the 
spring. . 
White Pearmain—Oyer medium size; of an ob.ong 
shape, pointed towards the crown: color a dull yellow 
with tlark clouds; Uie flesh firm, brittle, rich, juicy, sac- 
