Woolen Yam.—E. Loomis, Rochester, diploma. 
Carpet Rag.—Mrs. R. Holmes, Rushville, diploma. 
H. Massey, jr. shawl, $3. , , 
Geo. Webb, Pamela, JefTersoa co., trunk, diploma. 
Mrs. P. Saxe, Yates, star quilt, $5. 
T. Bingham, Riga, table cloth and quilt, $3. 
H. Mitchell. Rutland, Jefierson co., transverse sawing ma^ 
chine, $3. ,, , 
W. C. Cornell, Henrietta, lamp mat, diploma. 
A. S. Platt, Batavia, penmanship, do. 
Theo. Backus, Rochester, knit gloves, do. 
Matilda L. Davis,Batavia, embroidered shawl, $3. 
S. H. Boardman, Henrietta, bee hives, $5. 
S. B. Dewey, Rochester, do. diploma. 
S. Davidson, Greece, new variety of wheat, 2 vols. Trans. 
S. H. Boardman, Henrietta, linen sheets, diploma. 
E. B. Slason, Albany, coach harness, saddles and bridles, 5. 
D. R. Barton, Rochester, pitch forks, axes, hay knives, bush 
hooks, diploma. jsc 
Mrs. E. R. Jewett, Buffalo, embroidered table cover, 
■■:Mrs. Lindsay, Black Rock, cambric quilt, thread lace, ^5. 
J; W. Bacon, WaterTooi-embroidery, «3. 
Mrs A. Hallock, Westmoreland, black and white lace veil, .f3. 
J l' Elwood, Rochester, bbl. plaster, diploma. ' 
'R Harmon, jr., Wheatland, 14 specimens of wheat, $10. 
' o! A. Hall, Parma, needle work, vol. Trans, 
T. C. Peters, Darien, Farmer’s Account Book, 2 vols. Trans. 
Andrew Menely, West Troy, church bells, diploma. 
Mary Chedsey, Penn Yan, door mat, ottomans, footstools, $.5. 
Mrs. R. Holmes, Rushville, quilts, $3. o j , 
Nathan Post, Madrid, St. Lawrence co.. Patent felt and lea¬ 
ther collar, $3. 
A. Dow, Bethany, shawl, f 1. 
Lucy M. Shaw, Richford, Tioga co., tuscan straw bonnet, ot 
native grass, SB. ;■ 
-- Hopki'n< Auburn, English teazels, 2 vols. Trans. 
Louis Chapin, Pvochester, fig tree, vol. Trans. 
Wm. Richardson, Albany, parasol, diploma. 
Pl.OWlNG MATCH. 
1st, to J. Howell, Chili, (Mr. Pare, plowman,) .fl5—2d, toW. 
Utley, Phelps, (Srli)—3d, to W. Craig, York, $a—4th, to George 
Sheffer, Wheatland, (John Sail, plowman.) 
BEST METHOD OF CURING CORN. 
Our Indian corn crop is one of the most valuable, if 
not the most valuable crop cultivated in the United States, 
and every thing relative to the best methods of growing 
and securing it are proportionably important. In secu- 
ing Indian corn, two methods are commonly used; the 
first, is to top the corn, by cutting the stalk immediately 
above the ear, and this is usually done as soon as the 
grain is glazed, though some farmers scarcely wait for 
this. The second, is to cut up the corn by the bottom as 
soon as the ear is glazed, bind the stalks and ears in 
small bundles, set them up, and let them stand till tho¬ 
roughly cured. In the first method only the upper part 
of the stalk is ssfved for fodder, but the corn ripens finely, 
and nothing can be more beautiful than a field in which 
the husks have fallen from the ripened grain, and the 
thick golden ears give a promise of the rich harvest at 
hand. Still we prefer the second method, and that from 
ample experience of both. We have our corn cut up by 
the bottom, because in that way we save the whole of 
the stalks for fodder, and that is no unimportant matter to 
the farmer. In topping, only the poorest part of the 
stalk i.s saved, for if cut and cured properly, there is no 
more nutritious food for animals than the stalk of corn. 
It is true, when very large, cattle and sheep are unable 
to eat them; but if converted into chaff by a cutting ma¬ 
chine, as they can easily be, there is no food eaten more 
readily, or with more profit. It is not hazarding much 
to say that there is more value in an acre of cornstalks 
cut by the bottom and properly fed out, than in an acre 
of ordinary hay, and no farmer can afford to dispense 
with such an item in providing for his stock. But the 
saving in the stalk is not all; experiments show that 
there is a gain in the grain of nearly 20 per cent in cut¬ 
ting by the bottom, in preference to topping. Experi¬ 
ments made by Mr. Clark, Judge Buel, and others, and 
recorded in the volumes of the Old Genesse Farmer, and 
the Cultivator, place this matter beyond a doubt. In one 
made by Mr. Clark, he found the yield per acre of the 
corn topped, to be 47 bush. 18 lbs., and the untopped, 60 
bush. S lbs. From some e.xperirnents instituted by our¬ 
selves several years since, it was ascertained that there 
was no difference of consequence in the product, when 
the corn was left on the untouched stalks till harvest, and 
when they were cut by the bottom after the corn was 
well glazed, but that both these methods gave a greater 
product than when topped in the usual manner. It is 
said that when corn is topped, and after the corn is ga¬ 
thered, that cattle will eat all that is valuable of the stalks 
as they stand in the field. This is certainly a mistake, as 
the most nutritious part, the main stalk itself, is generally 
left untouched by them. If the corn crop is well ma¬ 
nured, as it should be, the cultivation of the season is an 
excellent preparation for wheat, and some of the best 
farmers of our country use the. corn crop for this pur¬ 
pose. In this case cutting up by the bottom is indispen¬ 
sable for the getting in of the wheat properly; and if it 
is intended to follow the corn with spring crops, as is 
frequently done, such as wheat, oats, or barley, it will be 
found that the absence of the large stalks that disfigure 
corn grounds when only topped, will greatly facilitate 
both the putting in, and the harvesting of these crops. 
For all these reasons, and the additional one, that it is 
only by cutting at the bottom that corn can be saved from 
the eflects of early frosts when they occur, we are deci¬ 
dedly of the opinion that the corn crop of the country 
might annually be increased in value, were the method 
of cutting it by the bottom as soon as the grain is fully 
glazed, to become general. 
For the relief of secret sorrow and the preservation of 
deep rooted joy, the only resource is to be found in heart¬ 
felt piety. 
SCOTCH highland AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
The annual meeting of this first of Agricultural Socie¬ 
ties, was this year held at Dundee, in the early part of 
August, and our kind friends in that part of Great Britain, 
have put us at once in possession of the proceedings. In 
the numbers attending, the vast herds of beautiful^ ani¬ 
mals on the ground, and the general interest and satisfac¬ 
tion evinced by all, the present Show appears to have 
eclipsed all that have preceded it. In this meeting, poli¬ 
tics and party are cast aside, and rank, wealth, and intel¬ 
ligence unite to render the occasion worthy of its name. 
Our Agricultural Envoy, Mr. Colman, was present, and 
replied to a complimentary toast in his usual felicitous 
manner. "We have no room for jiarticular details, but it 
is gratifying to every true friend of agriculture to wit¬ 
ness the spread of the interest felt in its success, and the 
efforts made to place the tiller of the soil in his true po¬ 
sition. The show of the Short Horns was the finest part 
of the exhibition, (and wherever they are found, where 
is this not the case?) the animals being superior to any 
that have been shown at the Society’s meetings. The 
show of horses, particularly of mares, was very fine; 
and Mr. Webb of Babraham, from whose flock Mr. 
Rofch derived some of his finest sheep, sent some of his 
animals 400 miles to compete for the prizes, one of which, 
the premium for the best shearling ram, lO guineas, was 
obtained by him. 
THE HORSE, BY YOU ATT. 
One of the most useful books which the impulse given 
to agricultural knowledge within a few years, has pro¬ 
duced, is the work on “ The Horse,” by Youatt. Since 
its publication in 1831, its sale has been great and con ¬ 
stant, and its circulation considerable even in the U. States. 
A new edition, prepared by T. Coates, was published in 
London last March, and this we are happy to say, has 
been re-published by Lea & Blanchard, in a beautiful 
style, and at a cheap rate. But the principal additional 
value of this new American edition, is a thorough revi¬ 
sion to adapt it the more exactly to the circumstances of 
this country, and a most valuable introduction, by J. S. 
Skinner, well known for his labors in the cause of agri¬ 
culture, and editor of the Turf Register. The introduc¬ 
tion shows Mr. Skinner to be a thorough master of his 
subject, and the mass of information he has brought to¬ 
gether on the history of the horse, the improvement, 
character, and performances of that noble animal, is such 
as could have been collected only by one who understood 
and appreciated the subject of which he was treating. 
He has also added a valuable essay on the Ass and the 
Mule. 
The history of the English horse, from which ours is 
derived, as traced by Mr. Skinner, from the first notice 
of them in the days of Julius Caesar, when they became 
great favorites at Rome; the successive importations and 
infusions of German, French, Sjianish, Barbary or Ara¬ 
bian, and Flemish horses, with the effect of these vari¬ 
ous crosses, is most admirably given by Mr. 8 ., and did 
our limits permit, we should at once lay it before our 
readers. He shows that the finish of excellence was gi¬ 
ven to the English horse, by the Darley Arabian and Go- 
dolphin, to such a degree, that in speed and strength, no 
improvement has since been made by crosses with the 
Arabian or other breeds. The turf he consideis the great 
foundation of improvement in the horse, and that the 
blood of the thorough bred, is the true source to which 
we must look for bone, muscle, and action, all in the 
right place. By skillful crosses with other breeds, the 
hunter, roadster, and the best farm horses, have been 
produced, animals of far more practical value than the 
thorough bred animats for all the purposes named. It 
strikingly illustrates and supports the position, that by 
skillful selection and crossings, cattle may be produced 
of which the Short Horn shall be the base, superior even 
to that celebrated breed for domestic and agricultural 
uses. The improvement of animals, or the science of 
crosses, we consider as but in comparative infancy; and 
we hail with jileasure a work like the “ Introduction,” 
calculated still farther to advance this great interest. We 
thank Mr. Skinner for this volume, and the labor he has 
bestowed upon it; it will prove a most acceptable pre¬ 
sent, we cannot doubt, to the public, and should be in the 
hands of every one who' keeps a horse. 
SMUTTY WHEAT. 
It is a fact not to be disputed, that a very large por¬ 
tion of the wheat grown in the United States the present 
year, contains more or less smut. We notice complaints 
of it from every quarter, and almost every state, and in 
many cases the quantity present will be a serious draw¬ 
back on the value of the crop. To what is this general 
prevalence of the smut to be attributed? Not to anything 
unfavorable to the crop during the present season, for all 
are aware that the quality of the wheat grow'n was never 
better; but in the miitst of this beautiful wheat, the dark 
green, upright ears of smut, some lower and some high¬ 
er, were generally to be found, the berry as plump as 
that of the pure wheat, but foetid, nasty, black, sure to in¬ 
jure it for seed, or spoil flour, if ground in mills not fur¬ 
nished with the best apparatus for cleaning. 
Two probable causes only can be assigned, and of these 
both may have been active, or more or less co-operated 
to produce such a result. One cause assigned, is the un¬ 
favorable state of the weather during the month of Sep¬ 
tember, or the time in which the wheat crop of this 
country is usually put in. From the 6th to the 20th, there 
was scarcely a day in which some rain did not fall, and 
those who took advantage of the best days to sow, were 
obliged to do it on ground unfit for the reception of seed; 
while those who were from the condition of their fields 
obliged to wait, sowed too late, and in most cases on 
soils still too wet for healthy germination and vegetation. 
The unfavorable condition of soils generally at the time 
of sowing, and the lateness of putting in seed generally, 
cannot be denied; but we think the perishing of so large 
a portion of the plants during the winter, rather than the 
smut, the result of this late or unfavorable sowing; as wo 
have seen smut in abundance from fields sown early, and 
while the soil was in first rate order. 
The other cause to which we have alluded as the cause 
of the increase of smut, is the decrease of the practice of 
liming wheat before sowing. 30 years since, smut in 
wheat was one of the greatest evils the farmer had to en¬ 
counter. The practice of soaking or wash ug seed wheat 
in brine, and then drying it with quick lime, was disco¬ 
vered and generally adopted, and in a few years smutty 
wheat nearly ceased to be known. Many farmers, it is 
true, were too lazy or careless to lime their wheat, but 
such frequently purchased their seeds from Hiose who had 
grown it pure by that Healmcnt, and for many years it was 
rare to find a load of smutty wheat sent to market. The 
danger apparently past, the practice of brining and liming 
has gradually fallen into disuse, even with good farmei-s, 
and the natural result has been, that smut in the wheat 
crop is again rapidly on the increase, and threatens to 
become as injurious as ever, unless preventive means are 
promptly resorted to, such as were before so effective. 
That smut is infectious, or can be communicated from 
diseased to pure grain, is a fact as well established as that 
the itch or small pox may be spread by contact or inocu¬ 
lation ; and every measure intended to guard against it, 
should be based on a knowledge of these facts. Peculiar • 
conditions of the soil, or of the weather, may be more 
favorable to the action of these injurious causes t hai^o ^^- 
ers, but no matter what the weather or soil may £he 
farmer who sows smutty wheat, without precautionary 
measures, must not be disappointed at finding it in in¬ 
creased quantities in his next crop. The concurrent tes¬ 
timony of wheat purchasers and millers, that smutty wheat 
has been gradually on the increase for several years, 
should put farmers on the alert, and induce a general re¬ 
currence to some measures for arresting the evil; and 
when the evil is one that may be so easily and quickly 
removed, there can be no excuse for permitting its con¬ 
tinuance. 
TEMPERATURE OF AUGUST. 
August is usually the warmest month of the year, or 
that in which the average temperature is the highest. 
July has usually the hottest days, but the average is gene¬ 
rally below that of August. To show that the August of 
the present year has been the warmest month that has 
occurred in a number of years, we give the average tem¬ 
perature of that month for the last six years. The month 
that comes the nearest to it, was July, 1841, which only 
fell 1“ short. The average is obtained from observations 
made at 9 A. M. and 2 P. M., observation having shown 
that those hours furnish an average better agreeing witli 
the general temperature than any other. 
Year. Average temp, of August. 
1838 . 69° 
1839 . 684° 
1840 . 72° 
1841 . 75° 
1842 . 704° 
1843 . 774 ° 
That the temperature of the present season has been a 
favorable one for the crops generally, their abundance 
throughout the country sufficiently testifies. The early 
part was cooler than usual, which while it was bad for 
corn, was very favorable for wheat, giving the plant a 
better time to root previous to its throwing out the seed 
stem, than that grain generally has in this country. On 
the contrary the hot weather of part of July, and the 
month of August, operated favorably on corn, without 
producing any injurious effect on wheat, as that had so 
far advanced as to be beyond danger from that cause. 
This modification of the weather, accounts for the supe¬ 
rior quality of the wheat berry', and the greater yield be¬ 
yond what was anticipated by the farmer generally; and 
although the corn crop is somewhat late, it promises to 
be a full medium one, unless in some few districts where 
drouth operated to its injury. The hot dry weather of 
August will tell more on the root crops, particularly' po¬ 
tatoes, than any other ones; and our farmers generally 
may expect at the harvesting, ‘•'small potatoes and very 
few of them.” The tap rooted cultivated plants are look¬ 
ing finely, and the beets, carrots, &c., promise very well. 
There have been few years in which the seed wheat has 
been put in earlier, or the ground in better condition, as 
a whole, than the present. Indeed there is some reason 
to apprehend from the quantity' of wheat sown in August, 
and the first days of September, that we may hear some 
complaints of the fly previous to the next harvest, as the 
early sown wheat plant will be sufficiently advanced to 
enable the autumn hatched fly to deposit its egg, and ma¬ 
ture the chrysalis previous to frost. The danger from 
this source, however, is in general not great, as it is on¬ 
ly where the fly has prevailed extensively, that two ge¬ 
nerations of this pest are commonly produced annually; 
one to deposit its egg in the young wheat plant, in which 
it remains over the winter; and one produced from these, 
to renew its attack as soon as the plant commences grow¬ 
ing in May or June. 
Youth is the spring time of the affections. 
