composition and activity. Some qualitative aspects of the plankton community 
— namely the composition of the meroplankton — will have longer term 
residual characteristics. 
4. As key components of the benthos change, their planktonic larvae 
should do likewise (e.g., barnacle nauplii, which dominate some plankton 
tows). The style of benthos succession after the 1965 freshwater kill has been 
influenced by sewage loading, towards a high plant and animal biomass, 
filter-feeding, and detritivore community. There will be a lag in the benthos 
response to sewage diversion. The lag will last until catastrophic events disrupt 
the long-term inertia maintained by the high biomass, limited mobility, and 
mutualism of material cycling among the benthic organisms. 
5. This relatively simple examination of mass balance, hydrography, and 
trophic structure provides a useful basis for predicting responses of the 
Kaneohe Bay ecosystem to sewage diversion. As we test the predictions by 
post-diversion observations and continued experiments, we will be able to 
refine and generalize our predictive ability further. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
This study is funded by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency grant 
R803983 and by the Hawaii Marine Affairs Coordinator. The Sewers Division 
of the City and County of Honolulu has provided information for the study. 
The investigation is being undertaken by the Hawaii Institute of Marine 
Biology in cooperation with the Naval Ocean Systems Center. I thank the 
working group leaders and other investigators for this cooperation in this team 
endeavor. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology Contribution Number 533. 
REFERENCES 
1. Banner, A. H. 1968. A Freshwater “Kill” on the Coral Reefs of Hawaii. 
Hawaii Inst. Mar. Biol. Tech. Rep. 75:1-29. 
2. Banner, A. H. 1974. Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii: Urban Pollution and a Coral 
Reef Ecosystem. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Coral Reef Symp. (Brisbane) 
2:685-702. 
3. Brock, R. E., and J. H. Brock, (in press). A Method for Quantitatively 
Assessing the Infaunal Community Residing in Coral Rock. Limnol. 
Oceanogr. 
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