10 
boiled with butter, it has an exquisitely ricli and delicious flavor. Mr. 
Berkeley says it is so common in some districts in England that bushels 
may be gathered in a day. 
Another species of this genus (M. peronatus , or Hairy Foot), found 
growing in woods, on dead leaves, is to be avoided. The gills of this 
species are darker in color and narrower. It has a hairy down at the 
base of the stem by which it may also be distinguished. 
/ 
Hydnum repandum L. Hedgehog or Spine Mushroom. 
Fig. 4. 
The genus Hydnum being so well defined, having spines instead of' 
gills or pores, is easily distinguised from all others. 
The pileus of the species repandum is irregular in shape, depressed 
in the center, fleshy, and of a pale cinnamon or yellowish color. 
Flesh firm and white, turning slightly brown when bruised. The 
spines are awl-shaped, of various sizes, crowded and running down; 
paler in color than the pileus. Stem solid, at first white, and then 
tawny cream color; spores round and white. There are no poisonous 
species in this genus, although some are too tough to be considered 
edible. 
The species repandum is the most desirable of the genus Hydnum . 
M. Roques, an eminent French mycologist, says: 
The general use of this fungus throughout France, Italy, and Germany leaves no 
room for doubt as to its good qualities. 
It is common in oak and pine woods in England. Mrs. Hussey rec* 
ommends stewing this mushroom in brown or white sauce. 
Cook slowly and for a long time and keep well supplied with liquid, it being 
naturally deficient in moisture. 
Its dry nature makes it easy to preserve, and it may be kept for a 
great length of time. 
Agaricus campestris L. Meadow Mushroom. 
rig. 5. 
To distinguish this species ( campestris , or meadow mushroom) re¬ 
quires very little discrimination. The cap or pileus is fleshy, white, or 
tawny, sometimes brownish. When it is in its best condition for use 
the gills -are a beautiful pink in color, ultimately becoming a deep 
brown, which reaches nearly to the stem, which carries a well-marked 
white woolly ring or volva. The cap is usually more or less adorned 
with minute silky fibrils. The margin generally extends a little beyond 
the outer extremity of the gills. It has an enticing fragrance, and the 
white flesh is sometimes inclined to change to pink when broken. It 
grows in open grassy places in fields and rich pastures, but never in 
thick woods. 
