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AMERICAN GEOLOGY. 
bay.* This mass has disturbed the coal measures of the eastern 
section of this state, and may perhaps have been erupted at 
that epoch, as it emerges from beneath them. It may be 
called the trap of Massachusetts bay. The second belt be¬ 
longs to the valley of Connecticut river, and passes entirely 
across the states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. Its direc¬ 
tion is north and south, and it has disturbed the trias beds along 
its line of bearing. It is both massive and columnar. Mount 
Holyoke and mount Tom are conspicuous eminences in this 
belt. It may be called the trap belt of Connecticut river. The 
third belt of trap or greenstone occupies a part of the valley of 
the Hudson river. It is well known in the southern part of the 
valley, where it is called the 'palisades. This locality may be 
regarded as a typical representation of trap. It is both co¬ 
lumnar and massive: the former constitutes the prominent 
feature of the rock. This belt may be called the Hudson river 
belt. It appears to terminate in a point south of the High¬ 
lands, but it is prolonged through New Jersey, and may be 
traced, with a few interruptions, through Pennsylvania, Vir¬ 
ginia, North and South Carolina, and into Georgia. It is 
associated with the trias of those states, or it may be the 
permian, inasmuch as there is evidence that the coal of 
North Carolina is of that age, instead of the age of the oolite 
or trias, as has been maintained. This range of trap is not 
continuous the whole distance in the states I have named. It 
extends through New Jersey in nearly continuous ridges, the 
eastern parts of which lie between New York city and Newark. 
It passes into Pennsylvania, and forms ridges in the permian 
or triasic sandstones, but is more conspicuous in the north¬ 
eastern counties, arranged on the line of Burke, Montgomery, 
and Chester counties. The Coneaeaga hills are trap. 
In Virginia, upon the same belt of sandstone, the trap ranges 
between Fredericksburg and Buckingham county, pursuing a 
southwest direction into Rockingham county, North Carolina. 
* See President Hitchcock’s Massachusetts Geological Reports. 
