182 
AMERICAN GEOLOGY. 
This mine is now being opened again, after having been aban¬ 
doned for thirty years, with some prospect of success. 
Galena occurs in more than twenty places in the old county 
of Hampshire, and in veins which seem to be well defined, but 
the low price of lead has operated to prevent their exploration. 
They all belong to the pyrocrystalline rocks, and the ore is 
associated with pyritous copper, sulph. of iron and blende, 
together with the rarer minerals, sulphate, carbonate and mo¬ 
lybdate of lead. The gangue is barytes and crystallized quartz. 
The probability is, this region is an extensive lead district 
which will one day become important. 
Another lead region has been explored rather extensively in 
Ulster, Sullivan county, New York. These mines are known 
as the Ellenville, Ulster and Shawangunk mines. The 
latter is near Wurtzborough, in Sullivan county. The first 
occupies a transverse break in the Shawangunk grit; its direc¬ 
tion is S. 60° E. The mineral matter filling the fissure consists 
of galena, iron pyrites, blende and copper pyrites. Galena and 
blende predominate. The gangue is quartz. 
The Ulster mine is near Redbridge, upon a line of fault, ac¬ 
cording to Prof. Mather, lying between the grit and slate, the 
Hudson river slates having been upheaved. 
The Shawangunk mine occupies a fissure in the grit of that 
name; a rock which is equivalent to the Oneida conglomerate. 
The fissure is from two to five feet wide, and was opened be¬ 
tween the strata, but it shifts its dip in a manner resembling 
somewhat the mines of Wisconsin. It carries galena, blende, 
iron and copper pyrites, intermingled with crystalline quartz 
wdiich forms the veinstone. Very large masses of galena have 
been raised from this mine, one of which weighed 1400 lbs. 
Neither of these mines have proved profitable, though they are 
not to be regarded by any means as valueless. The galena of 
the Shawangunk mine is argentiferous. 
It will be observed on reviewing the principal points respect¬ 
ing the geological position of galena, that we find it associated 
first with the pyrocrystalline rocks, and second with the paleo- 
